Viewing the child as a participant within context

This paper explores tensions between the social nature of learning and the current emphasis upon individual support. The paper contrasts the focus upon context in discussions with parents and practitioners, with the focus upon the individual within formal and informal written documents. The analysis is partly situated within the first author’s experiences as a parent researcher, drawing additionally upon ethnographic research carried out with families involved in early intervention, including an evaluation of over 150 pages of documentation provided by a parent. It identifies the need for assessment and evaluation to focus upon and record the broad range of context that influences learning.     

Measuring the Influence of Social Context Referents in Substance Abuse Treatment: An Instrument Validation Study

ABSTRACT

This paper introduces a newly developed assessment tool, the Ecological Assessment of Substance abuse Experiences (EASE) that has been designed to measure the influence of social context referents (i.e., family, peers, and community) on clients' attitudes and outcome beliefs related to substance abuse and recovery. An initial exploratory factor analysis was conducted with a small sample of adult treatment-seekers (N =103) to identify its underlying factors and to examine the instrument's item-factor fit. Items clustered onto four orthogonal factors: “belonging-recovery,” “belonging-drugs/alcohol,” “disconnect-recovery,” and “attitudinal congruence-recovery.” Preliminary findings suggest that socio-emotional outcome beliefs and attitudes about drug use and recovery behaviors, as related to family, peers, and community contexts, may be significant areas to address during routine assessment practices that may lead to more comprehensive and contextually appropriate treatment plans.     

中国语境下的信访法治化

陷入困境的信访制度必须纳入法治化的轨道,但是,中国的具体国情决定了信访法治化必然会面临传统与未来、心理和法理等诸多矛盾的碰撞。信访法治化必须遵循中立、公正、统一、效能的原则,必须把实现权利救济作为信访第一要务,必须以专业化、程序化、规则化为目标重构信访制度,必须加强信访部门的职权。信访法治化应当从整合信访机构、重构行政纠纷解决机制、强化司法权威等路径开始突破。     

Assumption-aware tools and agency; an interrogation of the primary artifacts of the program evaluation and design profession in working with complex evaluands and complex contexts

Like artisans in a professional guild, we evaluators create tools to suit our ever evolving practice. The tools we use as evaluators are the primary artifacts of our profession, reflect our practice and embody an amalgamation of paradigms and assumptions. With the increasing shifts in evaluation purposes from judging program worth to understanding how programs work, the evaluator’s role is changing to that of facilitating stakeholders in a learning process. This involves clarifying purposes and choices, as well as unearthing critical assumptions. In such a role, evaluators become major tool-users and begin to innovate with small refinements or produce completely new tools to fit a specific challenge or context.We interrogate the form and function of 12 tools used by evaluators when working with complex evaluands and complex contexts. The form is described in terms of traditional qualitative techniques and particular characteristics of the elements, use and presentation of each tool. Then the function of each tool is analyzed with respect to articulating assumptions and affecting the agency of evaluators and stakeholders in complex contexts.     

Family Risk and Resilience in the Context of War and Terrorism

War and terrorism are exerting increasing force on world affairs, with growing implications for families and the scholars who study them. In this review, I consider the implications of mass violence for families, with particular emphasis on families with members serving in the U.S. military and families around the world who live where mass violence occurs. Mass violence poses significant threats to mental health and family functioning, but individuals and families also display striking levels of resilience.     

Black men teaching: toward a theory of social isolation in organizations

ABSTRACT

While there continues to be increasing research about Black male teachers’ school-based experiences, there is less empirical evidence on the variation in these experiences for this subgroup. Drawing on Kanter’s Theory of Numbers and Group Composition, the researcher used the qualitative method to compare the perceptions of Black male teachers in schools that employ just one Black male teacher versus schools with larger numbers of Black male teachers. A theory of social isolation in organizations is proposed to explain differences in the variation of school-based experiences for Black male teachers. When compared to Black men in schools with larger percentages of Black male teachers on the faculty, those Black men who were the only Black male teachers on their faculty were more likely to describe feeling socially isolated and disconnected from their colleagues.     

“文化语境”的变化对当代羌族剪纸的影响及对策建议——基于茂县羌族剪纸的调查

羌族剪纸是羌族文化艺术的精华。经历了2008年“汶川大的地震”、灾后重建、城镇化发展之后,羌族剪纸的“文化语境”正发生着较大变化。以茂县羌族剪纸为例,其变化的外部原因包括现代流行服饰的融入、自然灾害、城镇化进程以及茂县手画花样市场的兴起对花样剪纸的冲击等,而内部原因则表现为传统习俗的变化、宗教祭祀的淡化及服饰审美观念的变化等。因此,羌族剪纸传承和发展需注意处理好传承与传播、活态与活用、变与不变等关系。     

The Impact of Change within the “Cultural Context” of the Contemporary Art of Qiang Paper Cutting-Based upon an Investigation of the Art of Paper -Cutting in Mao County

The original meaning of “cultural context” refers to the socio -cultural background relating to language communication .The cultural context of the Qiang art of paper -cutting in Mao county discussed i...     

从Leech对意义的七种成分的诠释再谈语境对语义理解的作用

语境有助于语义的理解和表达 ,在外语教学中有着重要的地位 ,本文试图通过Leech提出的语义的七个成分与语境之间的关系来进一步说明如果语义的七种成分都与语境有着密切的联系 ,那么整个语义必须结合语境才能得到充分的理解和恰当的表达     

语境与语篇连贯

连贯是语篇最基本的特征之一 ,影响语篇连贯有多种因素 ,语境则是其中之一。在语言学习过程中拟对语境在语篇连贯中的功能进行分析 ,探讨语境与连贯之间的关系 ,揭示语篇连贯的某些成因与机制是必要的