Discomfort With Homosexuality: A New Measure Captures Differences in Attitudes Toward Gay Men and Lesbians

This study describes a creative and psychometrically sound method that allows researchers to measure homonegativity at a lower threshold than existing measures and to differentiate between homonegativity toward gay men and lesbians. Four hundred and thirty-one undergraduate students at a Western comprehensive university were asked to respond to a series of vignettes describing situations in which heterosexuals sometimes experience discomfort in the presence of homosexuals, indicating the degree to which they would feel comfortable or uncomfortable. The 12-item Homonegativity as Discomfort Scale (HADS) has adequate alpha reliability (.92) as well as good criterion and construct validity. Suggestions are made as to how the measure could be employed in research. Testing on this sample shows greater discomfort with gay men than with lesbians and greater discomfort among men than among women.     

Including informal economy workers in contributory social protection: Current challenges in Latin America

Owing to a favourable economic situation and to national labour market and social protection policy reforms, Latin America has witnessed significant progress in social protection coverage. Some countries, however, have seen weaker progress, with stagnant coverage levels. Several factors underlie the extension of pensions and health care coverage and the formalization of the labour market: substantial improvements in the quality of employment, more flexible eligibility criteria for contributory coverage, and the strengthening of the supervisory and regulatory roles of the State. This article first addresses the link between social protection and informality in Latin America to show the relationship between informal labour markets, the lack of social protection and the scale of unpaid contributions. Also highlighted is regional progress in extending social protection as a result of labour market formalization. Countries in the region have used various policies to encourage formalization and these have also helped to reduce wage inequalities, since formalization has had especially beneficial effects on low‐income sectors. Finally, we discuss dichotomous views on social protection financing in the region that tend to place contributory and non‐contributory financing in opposition to one another but do so in favour of the latter, tend to support proposals for limited coverage, and which do not challenge the stratification of access to social protection. The move towards a convergence of benefits is deemed essential: strategies to universalize social protection in the region should not focus exclusively on increasing resources, but must address institutional change as a crucial part of the locus of innovation.     

考虑定性指标及误判损失的企业违约判别神经网络模型

识别和度量企业的违约风险是银行风险管理中很重要的一项工作.目前企业违约判别模型离实际应用还具有一定差距,表现在:1)模型所使用的样本基本都是配对模式,不能代表整体样本;2)很少直接引入影响违约的定性指标,如行业,地区和规模;3)没有考虑到误判损失的非对称性.针对上述问题,本文应用前向BP网络针对某国有商业银行的2003年全部有效的短期贷款企业的财务数据,引入了定性指标,采用全样本进行训练,最后确定使误判损失最小的切割点,这样就得到优化的神经网络模型.     

基于利益相关者理论的我国企业社会责任指标体系研究

文章基于利益相关者理论,给出了企业社会责任的概念,指出了当前企业社会责任的缺失表现,说明了企业社会责任的对象,建立了企业社会责任的评估指标体系.     

通过期刊评价指标看《河北工业大学学报》发展对策

通过对《河北工业大学学报》2000年～2007年的期刊评价指标的分析,发现我校学报存在的问题,并分析问题产生的原因,最后提出了采取争取优质稿源、创建特色栏目、利用网络技术扩大影响等措施,提高学报办刊质量的发展对策。     

密穗马先蒿提取物对小鼠血液学指标的影响

观察密穗马先蒿提取物对运动小鼠血液学指标的影响,探讨其对运动引起贫血的保护作用.4周龄昆明种小鼠随机分为对照组、运动组、阳性对照组、密穗马先蒿组.运动组、阳性对照组和密穗马先蒿组进行4周的游泳训练,最后一次力竭游泳后采用心脏取血,肝素抗凝,运用血细胞分析仪测定血液学指标.实验4周后,运动组小鼠RBC、Hb和HCT均低于其他3组,呈显著性差异(P<0.05),但对照组、阳性对照组、密穗马先蒿组之间比较差异无显著性(P>0.05);运动组MCV显著大于其他3组,呈显著性差异(P<0.01),其他3组之间比较无显著性差异(P>0.05).结果表明密穗马先蒿具有改善大强度训练所引起的小鼠RBC、Hb、HCT、MCV等改变.     

多级模糊综合方法在知识型企业竞争力评价中的应用

经济效益、学习和创新能力、人力资源、可持续能力等四方面给出知识型企业核心竞争力的指标体系。使用“多级模糊综合”方法对知识型企业核心竞争力进行评价,并运用一个实例来说明评价模型应用,从而为知识型企业核心竞争力综合评估提供一套实用性强、易操作的知识型企业核心竞争力综合评价体系及评价模型。     

从民生指标看地方政府的执政理念

围绕着对相关民生评价指标的讨论,就评估地方政府的执政理念和建设民生型政府进行了多方面的探讨,并结合对相关指标、数据的统计分析,在总结概括的基础上,揭示了要确立民生型政府执政理念,就必须通过建立和完善合理有效的社会机制和解决民生具体问题,以及提供相应的制度性保障等来实现。     

江苏省区域城市化水平评价与分析

从广义城市化的内涵出发,构建了融经济、社会发展和人口、环境改善于一体的区域城市化水平评价指标体系。通过因子分析模型及对因子分析结果的辅助聚类分析,评价了2000年江苏省区域城市化水平。研究表明,江苏城市化进程快步推进,各城市发展的区位特点明显,南北城市化发展水平差异较大,苏中、苏北具有后发优势。要进一步提高江苏区域城市化水平,应加强政府对城镇体系的宏观调控,注重发挥中心城市和都市圈(带)在城市化进程中的作用,同时通过政策面上的协调,促进城市化与工业化的同步发展和良性循环。