The Role of Cancer Risk in the Regulation of Industrial Pollution

The extent of carcinogen regulation under existing U.S. environmental statutes is assessed by developing measures of the scope and stringency of regulation. While concern about cancer risk has played an important political role in obtaining support for pollution control programs, it has not provided the predominant rationale for most regulatory actions taken to date. Less than 20% of all standards established to limit concentrations of chemicals in various media address carcinogens. Restrictions on chemical use are more frequently based on concerns about noncancer human health or ecological effects. Of the chemicals in commercial use which have been identified as potential human carcinogens on the basis of rodent bioassays, only a small proportion are regulated. There is an inverse relationship between the scope of regulatory coverage and the stringency of regulatory requirements: the largest percentages of identified carcinogens are affected by the least stringent requirements, such as information disclosure. Standards based on de minimis cancer risk levels have been established for only 10% of identified carcinogens and are restricted to one medium: water. Complete bans on use have affected very few chemicals. The general role that carcinogenicity now plays in the regulatory process is not dramatically different from that of other adverse human health effects: if a substance is identified as a hazard, it may eventually be subject to economically achievable and technically feasible restrictions.     

NURBS曲面的算法分析及实现

讨论了ＮＵＲＢＳ曲线和节点矢量、控制点和基函数对曲面形状的影响，给出了ＮＵＲＢＳ的算法分析及其实现方案，最后，将ＮＵＲＢＳ曲面与老式曲面（如Ｂ样条、Ｂｅｚｉｅｒ曲面等）进行了比较。     

基于人文关怀的高校贫困学生资助策略思考

在我国高等教育迅速发展的过程中,高校家庭经济困难的学生数量也在大幅增加,贫困生现象日益凸显。本文通过分析高校贫困生的状况及需求,并试图从人文关怀的层面探讨当前如何更好地推进高校贫困生工作。     

中小企业内部控制系统现状及完善对策的探讨

会计信息失真现象与社会环境、经济环境、市场经济的发育程度等企业的外部环境息息相关，但单位内部控制系统弱化是一个更重要、更直接的内部因素。因此，建立和加强单位的内部控制，使内部控制合理设计并有效实施，才能最大可能地防止会计造假等错弊行为的发生，保证会计信息的真实、完整、相关、透明，才能促使企业价值的增值。本文以中小企业作为研究对象，对中小企业如何加强与完善内部控制系统作了一些探讨，提出了一些具体的措施。     

A qualitative comparative analysis of strategies for an ageing society, with special reference to pension and employment policies

The primary purpose of this study is to typify the respondent strategies of the OECD countries based on the interconnected structure of income and employment guarantees. More specifically, this article seeks to typify welfare policies into four types (welfare-to-work, welfare emphasis, labour emphasis, market emphasis) based on the leniency of the pension system and active state intervention in employment security. With the resultant four types, this article then places them as the dependent variable while incorporating per capita GDP, aged dependency ratio, pension maturity level, union density, constitutional structure index and degree of decommodification as causal variables. Through this process, this article aims to derive the decisive variable for each type through qualitative comparative analysis.     

生态环境建设与渭河污染治理研究

据渭河流经陕西区域经济社会发展状况及渭河水质现状，通过国家地表水环境质量标准与有关工业、生活污水管理排放标准比较分析，提出在加强监督管理和污染治理的同时更应重视渭河流域生态环及环境建设与保护在渭河污染治理、恢复其应有功能所起到的重要作用。     

电弧炉电极系统双模控制策略研究及应用

针对交流电弧炉电极控制系统具有非线性时变、多变量、强耦合及存在随机干扰的特点,采用基于最近邻聚类方法的径向基函数(RBF)神经网络快速学习算法,通过实时在线辨识,建立电弧炉电极系统的精确逆模型并用于控制,实现了将具有强耦合特性的多变量输入/输出(MIMO)系统解耦成单个独立的伪线性对象,并提出一种基于RBF神经网络逆控制与比例微分(P/D)控制相结合的双模控制策略。应用结果证实了该控制策略具有快速适应对象和过程变化的能力及较强的鲁棒性。     

学校与课堂中的性别公平问题

本文分析了社会对不同性别儿童的角色期待以及学校与课堂中存在的性别刻板印象,揭示了学校与课堂中的性别不公平问题对学生社会化发展及教育公平的深刻影响,并提出了落实性别公平与平等教育的三个层面的策略。     

新闻媒体必须坚持正确舆论导向

本文阐述新闻媒体必须坚持正确舆论导向。     

A strategy for third-party logistics systems: A case analysis using the blue ocean strategy

One of today's most frequently discussed topics in the business world is how to escape from the intense Red Ocean and how to create an uncontested Blue Ocean. However, because there are few practical guidelines available on this topic, we will introduce a case study of a third-party logistics (3PL) provider, CJ-Global Logistics Service (CJ-GLS), to show how it aspires to be a leader in the newly introduced 3PL industry in South Korea. CJ-GLS is a latecomer in the logistics industry, and its resources, such as the number of trucks and warehouses, are relatively small in comparison to those of established companies. But, it has achieved a distinct competitive advantage through innovative information technology (i.e., RFID—radio frequency identification), which has enabled it to create an uncontested market space, electronic logistics business. One remarkable fact about CJ-GLS is that its swift growth comes not from attracting competitors’ customers from the existing Red Ocean market but from creating a Blue Ocean market (3PL market), which previously existing incumbents ignored, and also from constructing a new business model founded on a RFID-based, ubiquitous-oriented 3PL system. Analyzed through a Four Actions Framework and characterized as Blue Ocean, this case study provides valuable information on how a company reinforces its competitive advantage from the Red Ocean while it transitions into a Blue Ocean by utilizing advanced information communication technologies.