《高僧传》六个词语的训释

南朝梁释慧皎撰写的《高僧传》,不仅是研究汉魏南北朝佛教史的重要典籍,同时也是研治中古汉语的重要语料。该书中虽然有些词语＂字面普通＂,然而要达其确诂也非易事。本文选取这类词语六例：＂宗会＂、＂朗拔＂、＂抽舍＂、＂天逸＂、＂关责＂、＂俊远＂等,略加考辨。     

论刑事审判中法官对法律的阐释

提出法官在适用刑事法律裁判案件时有必要对刑法进行阐释,法官阐释刑法应受罪刑法定原则的约束,阐释刑法应当处理好刑法的社会保护和人权保护两种功能的关系,法官就裁判而对法律所作的阐释应当体现在裁判文书当中     

会话幽默中的曲解策略

曲解(刻意或无意)是会话产生幽默效果的重要原因,刻意曲解更是话语交际者实现言语幽默的重要手段.会话幽默中,听话人利用语言本身的模糊性和发话人的语用模糊实施自己的曲解策略,制造幽默效果,或者借此实现特定的交际意图.     

王逸与班固的屈原评价之争

王逸与班固的屈原评价之争,焦点在于,班固以屈原为“贤臣”,王逸则强调屈原是“忠臣”。班固的读屈原,继续了自贾谊司马迁以来的“士不遏”主题,却变同情的愤怨为明哲的平静,于是带出了认为屈原过于激烈的批评。王逸的读屈原,则由士不遏的命运感伤而弘变为忠君眷国的道德表彰,从而也弱化了屈原的怨君疾世之情。他们转变了自贾谊司马迁以来士人阅读屈原而注重情感的接受维度,将理性的阐释放在了阅读活动的首位。并使士不遇的哀伤与忠君眷国的坚贞成为屈原阅读史上的两大主题。     

电影《桃姐》的语用会话分析

合作原则使交际活动能顺利进行,违反合作原则可能产生会话含义。首先通过八个场景,分析了《桃姐》的人物会话中遵守与违反合作原则的现象。礼貌原则是对合作原则的补充,又通过六个场景,分析了礼貌原则在人物会话中的体现。人物会话有力地体现了《桃姐》"主仆情深"这一主题。     

在确定性和非确定性之间--解读《法律的意义追问》

法律的意义蕴涵于事物的法的规定性和主体的法的需求之中,法律规定了人类之间及其与对象之间关系的全部意义。法律的实体意义与本体意义既互相联系又有质的区别,而法律的象征意义则是本体意义的派生物。在对话商谈中发现法律的意义是诠释学法学的一种认知方法,这种方法导致不确定性意义成为法律解释的认知常态。法律的实践法则要求法律解释是对确定性意义的追求,这是诠释学法学在方法论上必须直面的挑战。诠释学法学对法律的意义追问徘徊于过程中的认知非确定性和目标中的认知确定性之间,"诠释法律的公理性趋向"并没有从根本上解决诠释学法学自身存在的方法论缺陷。     

井真成墓志铭释读再探

自唐代来华的日本人井真成的墓志铭正式发布之后,中日专家学者对此倍加关注。由于墓志的记载极为简单,且日本文献中未有相关记载,目前对墓主井真成的身世及留学生涯的论争非常激烈。但管见所及,学界对最基本的墓志铭的理解、释读存在一些问题,特别是围绕着墓志残缺之处的填补文字。对墓志铭再次进行了解读,尤其注重对其中所用典故的梳理以及残缺处填补文字的查证,认为该碑缺损文字为“衔”、“而”、“壑”、“哀”、“给”、“东”、“客”、“命”等的可能性较大。     

Social Security in South Korea and Singapore: Explaining the Differences

The paper sets out statutory social security arrangements in Korea and Singapore and then explains the differences between them. It finds that while Korea has a relatively advanced social security system based primarily on social insurance, Singapore has a patchwork of programmes based on forced saving, tax allowance, public assistance, and public insurance schemes run along commercial lines. Moreover, the increasing share of government expenditure devoted to social security in Korea stands in sharp contrast to the declining share in Singapore. The paper accounts for the variations in terms of the different economic objectives of the two states and the different international and societal constraints they face. In contrast to South Korea * * Republic of Korea. Hereafter referred to as Korea.
which has rapidly established an elaborate set of income maintenance and health care programmes, Singapore continues to resist expansion of such programmes. The objective of this paper is to describe the social security programmes in the two countries and then explain why the supposedly similar political economies have pursued entirely different social security strategies. The paper will argue that to understand the variations, we need to examine the varying economic objectives of the two states and the different international and societal constraints they face.     

Modeling Social Processes: Some Lessons from Sports

Sports events can provide helpful models for thinking about social processes. DiMaggio's hitting streak in baseball, for example, raises serious questions about how the causes of relatively uncommon social events are typically studied. The hitting streak also directs our attention to considering models that generate a distribution of outcomes in a population of social units. The series of games leading to a football championship is relevant for approaching the role of complex chains of events in leading to a given outcome (where each individual sequence itself has a low probability of occurring). A model of changing templates suggests a more realistic way of thinking about the linkages over time from an initial starting point to a given outcome. Another sports example, based on the application of a binomial model to the outcome of a series of games, suggests that we should think of chance as a dependent variable that is influenced by—among other factors—the nature of the social structure. Also examined are the special problems in explaining any specific outcome.     

画图说史在历史教学中应用研究

画图说史作为图说历史的一种补充教法,由教师带领学生在绘作历史图表的过程中完成历史课堂的学习任务。以图为板书,亲自作图,配合教师的讲解,由此吸引学生注意力,加深学生对历史知识的理解,培养学生史学思维与能力。实现文字板书到图文结合板书的突破,培养学生由看图到亲自动手作图的能力。画图配上适当的文字总结,有利于学生分析历史事件,历史现象。