Revenue Management vs. Newsvendor Decisions: Does Behavioral Response Mirror Normative Equivalence?

We study and compare decision‐making behavior under the newsvendor and the two‐class revenue management models, in an experimental setting. We observe that, under both problems, decision makers deviate significantly from normative benchmarks. Furthermore, revenue management decisions are consistently higher compared to the newsvendor order quantities. In the face of increasing demand variability, revenue managers increase allocations; this behavior is consistent with normative patterns when the ratio of the selling prices of the two customer segments is less than 1/2, but is its exact opposite when this ratio is greater than 1/2. Newsvendors' behavior with respect to changing demand variability, on the other hand, is consistent with normative trends. We also observe that losses due to leftovers weigh more in newsvendor decisions compared to the revenue management model; we argue that overage cost is more salient in the newsvendor problem because it is perceived as a direct loss, and propose this as the driver of the differences in behavior observed under the two problems.     

股权结构、产权性质与高管薪酬粘性——基于我国A股上市公司的实证研究

近年来,我国上市公司高管薪酬尤其是国有企业高管薪酬成为政府监管的重点和社会舆论关注的焦点问题.文章以2010-2014年我国沪深两市A股上市公司为研究对象,实证检验了上市公司高管薪酬粘性的存在性;同时,重点考察了股权结构、产权性质对上市公司高管薪酬粘性的影响程度.实证结果显示:我国上市公司高管薪酬具有显著的粘性特征;在股权结构的影响方面,第一大股东持股比例越高,股权制衡度越低,高管薪酬粘性相应越高,当控股股东与中小股东之间产生利益冲突时,上市公司高管作为控股股东利益的代表,通常忽视上市公司高管薪酬与企业业绩的不对称性,因此薪酬粘性成为控股股东对高管的奖励;在产权性质的影响方面,国有企业高管薪酬粘性显著大于非国有企业.研究结论对于提高我国上市公司的治理效率、降低代理成本、优化激励机制设计具有一定的启示.     

Uncertainty Analysis for Functional Computer Output: A Simulation Study in Inverse Problems

Computer models with functional output are omnipresent throughout science and engineering. Most often the computer model is treated as a black-box and information about the underlying mathematical model is not exploited in statistical analyses. Consequently, general-purpose bases such as wavelets are typically used to describe the main characteristics of the functional output. In this article we advocate for using information about the underlying mathematical model in order to choose a better basis for the functional output. To validate this choice, a simulation study is presented in the context of uncertainty analysis for a computer model from inverse Sturm-Liouville problems.     

An Automatic Test for the Umbrella Alternatives

The paper proposes a new test for detecting the umbrella pattern under a general non‐parametric scheme. The alternative asserts that the umbrella ordering holds while the hypothesis is its complement. The main focus is put on controlling the power function of the test outside the alternative. As a result, the asymptotic error of the first kind of the constructed solution is smaller than or equal to the fixed significance level α on the whole set where the umbrella ordering does not hold. Also, under finite sample sizes, this error is controlled to a satisfactory extent. A simulation study shows, among other things, that the new test improves upon the solution widely recommended in the literature of the subject. A routine, written in R, is attached as the Supporting Information file.     

失地农民贫困问题对策研究

从根本上解决失地农民的贫困问题,应针对贫困的原因,创新思维,从和谐社会建设的全局出发,以完整体系的制度安排对应并在各方利益均衡的前提下,实现政府与失地农民的双赢.逐步建立公平参与、政府规划内的再就业培训、完善征地制度、多元化的就业安置和普惠的社会保障"五位一体" 的新模式,使他们在安置再发展中享受到社会主义和谐社会的文明幸福.     

高校腐败问题透视

在社会转型时期,中国高校面临着腐败现象高发和多发的严重挑战.高校的腐败不仅阻碍高等教育事业的改革与发展,而且更重要的是,它通过对青年学生的直接或间接影响,危害国家和民族的未来.进入新的世纪,中国高校肩负着"科教兴国"的重大使命和责任.深入研究高校腐败现象滋生蔓延的内在机理,从根本上遏制和减少腐败行为的发生,不仅对于高校自身的改革与发展,而且对于整个社会的发展与进步都有极为重大的意义.     

公民参与:我国政府决策民主化的应有之义

现代民主理论的产生,为公民参与政府决策奠定了理论基础.就目前我国的实际情况而言,公民在意见表达、参与水平、及参与的影响力等方面存在很多问题,应从公民参与的制度层面、政治文化层面、组织规模层面提高公民参与政府决策的水平,特别是要保持公民参与和政府承受力之间的平衡.     

事实、价值与道德选择

在道德选择的理论与实践中,必然遇到事实与价值的关系问题。事实与价值统一于"实际活动着的人"自身。正确的道德选择应建立在价值判断与事实判断统一的基础上,忽视了事实判断作用的道德选择,必然会最终导致对道德价值自身的否定。从人格完善过程的角度来分析,道德选择又是德行与智慧的统一。     

假日旅游消费存在的问题及对策

假日旅游以黄金周为单位、采取集中休假的方式拉动了消费,在改变人们休闲观念的同时,也给交通、旅游部门带来了巨大压力,并造成长假前后出现消费萧条等问题。因此,应加强旅游景点的建设与创新,注重差异化的旅游商品开发。此外,政府与社会应相互配合、共同管理,正确引导假日旅游消费。     

试析语感研究的现状及存在的问题

从语感研究的现状看,关涉语感本身的理论问题得到了比较深入的研究,也取得了很多成果。同时,语感作为我国第八次课程改革《语文课程标准》的核心词汇之一,语感培养问题开始真正走进人们的思维视阈。由于现实上语感实践环节的研究相对薄弱,从而造成语感教学实践成为目前语感研究面临的最大问题,其中既包括语感教学实施也包括切合实际的语感评价指标体系建立。