当前社会福利依赖与反福利依赖的社会工作介入研究

福利依赖一直是经济发达的西方福利国家面临并竭力解决的问题。然而在经济欠发达的中国大陆,城市最低生活保障制度已经成为一种福利依赖问题,并开始影响社会公平和效率。文章分析福利依赖的成因,论证社会工作介入反福利依赖的必要性和可能性,探讨和研究社会工作的发展及介入反福利依赖、帮助福利依赖者提高自助能力并回归主流社会的理论与微观手法,努力促进提高社会福利的使用效果,增进经济与社会和谐发展。     

反保证人的抗辩权

反保证人的抗辩权是指保证人因承担保证责任而成为债权人向反保证人提出请求承担反保证责任时 ,反保证人据以法定的事由享有的对抗保证人行使请求权的权利 ,反保证合同是主合同、保证合同的从合同。反保证人的抗辩权可分为三大类 :一类是反保证人享有的属于主债务人的抗辩权 ;二类是反保证人享有的保证人的专属抗辩权 ;三类是反保证人的专属抗辩权。     

Seclusion,decision-making power,and gender disparities in adult health: Examining hypertension in India

Research on the social determinants of health in developing countries is increasingly focusing on the importance of gender. Cardiovascular conditions such as hypertension are a growing concern in developing countries, where they are now the leading cause of death. Researchers have documented differences in hypertension between men and women, but the importance of gendered practices in shaping these differences has been left unexamined. Using national data from the India Human Development Survey 2005 (N = 101,593), this study assesses the moderating role of two salient and widespread gendered practices—women’s seclusion and decision-making power—on hypertension disparities between women and men. Both seclusion and low decision-making power are associated with increased odds of hypertension for women, but in the case of seclusion reduced hypertension for men. Results also show the gender gap in hypertension is exacerbated with women’s seclusion and low decision-making power.     

The Impact of Flexible Working Arrangements on Work–life Conflict and Work Pressure in Ireland

Recent rapid economic growth in Ireland has been accompanied by a strong surge in the number of women in employment, and this has led to a significant increase in the proportion of dual‐earner families. These changes have brought the issue of reconciliation between work and care commitments to the fore. Flexible working arrangements in firms have been identified as one important means of balancing work and other commitments. In this article we investigate the relationship between four flexible working arrangements; flexitime, part‐time hours, working from home and job sharing, and two key employee outcomes; work pressure and work–life conflict, using data from the first national survey of employees in Ireland in 2003. Our results show that while part‐time work and flexitime tend to reduce work pressure and work–life conflict, working from home is associated with greater levels of both work pressure and work–life conflict. We conclude that it is important to distinguish between flexible working arrangements to discover their potential for reducing work pressure and work–life conflict.     

中小型水库除险加固压力灌浆法的应用

本文通过工程实例介绍压力灌浆法在中小型水库除险加固工程中的应用。实践证明,灌浆法确实是一门重要且颇有发展潜力的地基加固技术。     

从“婚配”到“婚恋”：婚姻模式变迁与农村光棍形成——基于关中L村的实地调查

随着打工经济发展与人口流动,农村婚姻市场形成和自由恋爱逐步兴起,由父母主导的传统“婚配”模式向子女自主选择的“婚恋”模式变迁。在开放的婚姻市场中,对婚姻资源的激烈竞争促使农民的婚姻责任发生了代际重塑,表现为子代在婚姻市场中负责恋爱找对象,父代承担婚姻消费支出。从“子代找得到”与“父代娶得起”两个维度分析农村婚姻缔结过程与光棍形成机制,可建构出农村的三种光棍类型。在紧张的婚姻形势下,为了应对婚姻压力,农民的家庭策略发生了重要变化：传统的小农家计模式难以应对婚姻的竞争性消费,倒逼农民主动进入务工市场;父代通过抬高婚姻支付来增加子代在婚姻市场中的竞争力;农民生育观念随着婚姻压力增大而改变。     

绿色供应链管理动力/压力影响模型实证研究

文章借鉴国外文献及国内环保专家的意见设计问卷进行调研,通过因子分析识别出中国制造企业绿色供应链管理的压力/动力和实践的主要因子.对因子进行相关分析和回归分析,根据数据结合国内外相关情况探讨动力/压力是如何影响绿色供应链管理实践,提出中国制造企业绿色供应链管理的动力/压力影响模型.     

大趋势视阈下的中国农业

中国的农业现在进入到攻坚阶段,农业能否取得大发展,关系到中国全社会的进程。中国农业进行和谐化、现代化和市场化的改革是农业改革的价值取向。把农村社会组织与农业组织区分开来,改变农业办社会的现象;建立激励机制,促进农业科技创新;培育成熟的农业市场主体,是中国走向现代农业的必由之路。     

农村互助养老模式的发展困境与策略

农村互助养老是解决农村养老难题的突破口,在当前的压力型体制下,农村互助养老工程的推进存在着选择性政策执行、数字式年度考核与乡村敷衍性应对、供给主体的责任缺失与乡村信任危机。推动农村互助养老发展,必须改变压力型体制,构建服务型政府;改变量化考核偏好,提高群众参与性;以农村互助养老为平台,农民养老需求为导向,构建整体性养老保障体系。     

双液注浆锚管加固在渗水软弱围岩浅埋偏压隧道中的应用

通过乌坑坝隧道北京端左线冲沟地段的施工实例，介绍渗水软弱围岩浅埋偏压隧道地表双液注浆锚管加固的施工方法，并对加固效果及其优缺点进行分析．