非物质文化遗产的开发式保护框架

鉴于非物质文化遗产的特殊性,单纯的记录、保存和隔离的做法,不能有效地保护。本文提出引进旅游市场机制,调动政府、商家、学者和文化主体的积极性,使非物质文化遗产在现实生活中找到生存的土壤。     

Competition and The Operational Performance of Hospitals: The Role of Hospital Objectives

We examine the effect of a hospital's objective (i.e., non‐profit vs. for‐profit) in hospital markets for elective care. Using game‐theoretic analysis and queueing models to capture the operational performance of hospitals, we compare the equilibrium behavior of three market settings in terms of such criteria as waiting times and patient costs from waiting and hospital payments. In the first setting, a monopoly, patients are served exclusively by a single non‐profit hospital; in the second, a homogeneous duopoly, patients are served by two competing non‐profit hospitals. In our third setting, a heterogeneous duopoly, the market is served by one non‐profit hospital and one for‐profit hospital. A non‐profit hospital provides free care to patients, although they may have to wait; for‐profit hospitals charge a fee to provide care with minimal waiting. A comparison between the monopolistic and each of the duopolistic settings reveals that the introduction of competition can hamper a hospital's ability to attain economies of scale and can also increase waiting times. Moreover, the presence of a for‐profit sector may be desirable only when the hospital market is sufficiently competitive. A comparison across the duopolistic settings indicates that the choice between homogeneous and heterogeneous competition depends on the patients' willingness to wait before receiving care and the reimbursement level of the non‐profit sector. When the public funder is not financially constrained, the presence of a for‐profit sector may allow the funder to lower both the financial costs of providing coverage and the total costs to patients. Finally, our analysis suggests that the public funder should exercise caution when using policy tools that support the for‐profit sector—for example, patient subsidies—because such tools may increase patient costs in the long run; it might be preferable to raise the non‐profit sector's level of reimbursement.     

Dynamic Logit With Choice Aversion

We characterize a generalization of discounted logistic choice that incorporates a parameter to capture different views the agent might have about the costs and benefits of larger choice sets. The discounted logit model used in the empirical literature is the special case that displays a “preference for flexibility” in the sense that the agent always prefers to add additional items to a menu. Other cases display varying levels of “choice aversion,” where the agent prefers to remove items from a menu if their ex ante value is below a threshold. We show that higher choice aversion, as measured by dislike of bigger menus, also corresponds to an increased preference for putting off decisions as late as possible.     

论法与法之间抵触的判断规则——在放权地方立法背景下的观察

现行法律并未明确规定法与法之间抵触的判断标准,理论和实务也大多倾向于对抵触情形进行列举式描述。为了使抵触的判断标准更具操作性,从规范角度进行精细化建构尤为必要。法与法之间的抵触微观上是法的要素之间的抵触,法的要素包括法律概念、法律规则、法律原则,通过逻辑的整合,可以将法与法的抵触分为下位法规则与上位法原则的抵触、下位法规则与上位法规则的抵触。下位法应当遵循上位法的基本原则,但法律原则不应包括主观的立法者本意。对于不同位阶法律规则之间的抵触,法律规则逻辑结构仅可以作为抵触的抽象分类标准,至于具体的判断规则,仍需依据法律规范的内容种类进行类型化分析。     

民间组织参与我国贫困治理的角色及行动策略

民间组织是参与贫困治理的重要社会力量。在我国扶贫开发进程中,民间组织在贫困治理中扮演了扶贫资源有益补充、践行微观贫困治理理念/技术、专业扶贫服务供给等多种角色。民间组织的贫困治理行动是民间组织汲取各类资源并将其传递到扶贫对象的过程。在大扶贫格局中,民间组织扶贫资源汲取已由传统的社会领域延伸至政府部门和市场领域,形成了慈善捐助、政府购买扶贫服务、市场化运作（社会企业）等多种扶贫资源汲取策略。相应的,主要形成了项目机制、市场机制两种扶贫资源传递策略。项目机制的运用表明了民间组织在分化发展的过程中扶贫资源传递的整合,以及民间组织与政府部门协同推进贫困治理的制度化和规范化。市场机制（社会企业）是民间组织扶贫行动的策略创新,对民间组织独立实施贫困治理具有重要意义。     

真实性偏好如何影响全球品牌中国元素产品的购买可能性?

在中国市场上,全球品牌本土化的现象越来越频繁.但在理论上,还少有研究分析中国消费者如何评价融入中国元素的全球品牌.为此,文章以认知—情感人格系统理论为框架,构建了包含真实性偏好、品牌本土象征价值、尊重品牌遗产和购买可能性的概念模型,试图探索其中的因果关系.实证研究表明,品牌本土象征价值认知—情感单元和尊重品牌遗产认知—情感单元均能提高购买可能性.真实性偏好高的消费者更容易通达品牌本土象征价值认知—情感单元和尊重品牌遗产认知—情感单元.尊重品牌遗产认知—情感单元有助于增强品牌本土象征价值认知—情感单元.文章不仅在理论上丰富了全球品牌相关研究,同时对实践也有战略指引.     

中国农村社会学研究现状与前景展望——“第七届农村社会学论坛”观点综述

“第七届农村社会学论坛”于2016年5月21－22日在西北农林科技大学成功举办。这次论坛主要围绕现代乡村文化建设与公共空间重建、乡村的现代命运及其未来发展趋势、国家治理下的基层社会治理困境与逻辑、农村公共事务治理及社区发展转型、农村社会发展和社会治理等议题展开讨论交流。     

李振钧题画诗考论

李振钧出身安徽太湖官宦世家,清代道光九年状元.他的诗集《味灯听叶庐诗草》中有59首题画诗.清代题画诗的繁荣,对书画的喜爱以及与画家的广泛交游促使他创作了大量的题画诗.他的题画诗反映了他看重性情、坦率放纵、追求个性自由、热爱艺术的特点,为我们提供了观照他的新角度.诗歌书画是他安顿自己痛苦心灵的处所,也是其解救自己的途径.他的人生经历反映了一个灵魂在现实的挤压和艺术的放纵里挣扎的心路历程.最终,他为了外在的功名放弃了自我,又不能适应官场的倾轧,45岁便抑郁而终.     

企业无力清偿欠薪的法律应对:基于香港的经验

1980-1982年经济危机爆发后,香港因大量企业倒闭引发欠薪浪潮,欠薪优先权机制出现失灵.以国外经验为模本,香港构设了欠薪保障基金制度.该制度依托完善的法律程序将欠薪纳入专门基金予以垫付,并逐渐提高垫付标准.这种法律设计特点鲜明,实际运行数据也证明比较成功.这为解决当前农民工极端讨薪事件频发、欠薪问题季节性爆发的顽疾,提供了极具参考价值的制度化思路.我国应当鼓励地方探索和构建企业欠薪保障制度.     

基于序化机理的稳健型股票价值投资决策——一个研究框架

面对资本市场风险加剧的现实背景,以"公司经营业绩与股票市场业绩一致趋优"为稳健型投资的核心要素,立足于区间数据表示、会计信息度量两个关键要素,开展稳健型股票价值投资的多准则决策建模研究。面向稳健型投资决策目标,提出满足"稳健性""局部性""全局性"3个特性的序化机理,围绕关键特征选择、特征评价、全序化建模的主体脉络建立系统性多准则决策方法,进而构建"稳健型股票价值投资决策"的研究框架。