略论图样简化

本文指出图样简化是提高绘图速度最基本和最有效的途径之一。并就视图的简化,剖面符号的简化,利用尺寸符号简化视图,尺寸注法的简化和装配图的简化等方面进行了探讨。在符合或基本符合机械制图国家标准精神的前提下,提出了一些切实可行的方案。     

四川盆地九龙山构造须二段致密砂岩孔隙的成因及勘探意义

须二段砂岩以徽孔隙为主,少量的长石、岩屑溶孔,不见或罕见碳酸盐矿物的溶孔,利用同位素资料和热力学理论解释了这种现象。凡孔隙度大于5％的样品,就有绿泥石包壳发育,该层段表现为低电阻率和高含水饱和度,导致气、水层的误判。详细的岩石学研究使我们认识到粘土矿物在成岩过程中起到的特殊作用。自生粘土发育的样品,不论其产状如何,都比不含粘土而富含碳酸盐矿物的层段的样品储集性能好。提出了孔隙寿命的概念,并讨论了它在油气勘探中的意义。     

钢-混凝土双面组合梁极限承载力计算方法研究

提出用简化计算方法、截面全过程分析和结构有限元分析等三种方法对双面组合连续梁极限抗弯承载力进行分析研究；以某一试验梁为例，对三种不同方法计算得到的承载力进行了比较分析，总结了各种方法的适用性，对双面组合梁的设计和研究有一定参考价值。     

跨文化交际视阈下的旅游宣传资料英译研究

旅游宣传资料的英译是译者、作者和国外游客之间的一种跨时空、跨文化交际活动.旅游宣传资料的翻译者必须增强自身的跨文化敏感性,既精通两种语言又熟谙两种文化,最大限度地兼容交际双方的语言习惯、文化心理、交际规约和价值标准差异.本文试以比较中英旅游宣传资料在遣字用词、句式结构、谋篇布局、文本内容等方面的差异为路径,揭示中英两种语言体系所承载的语言习惯、价值观念、思维模式、民族心理、审美情趣等跨文化交际要素的差异,并提出跨文化交际视阈下的旅游宣传资料英译的原则和方法.     

Widowhood and Well‐being in Europe: The Role of National and Regional Context

Researchers have documented that widows have lower levels of subjective well‐being than married individuals, but we still know little about how the regional and national contexts affect the impact of widowhood on well‐being. Building on social capital theory and using data from 5 rounds of the European Social Survey (N= 119,292 people, 206 regions, 23 countries), the authors tested how marital status composition at the national and regional levels affects the well‐being of widows. Widows fare worse in countries with high proportions of married people and in regions and countries with high proportions of widowed persons. The proportion of married individuals at the regional level does not affect their well‐being. These results are in line with the greedy marriage hypothesis, but varying effects at regional and national levels suggest that the standard explanation for this phenomenon, lack of individual social support, is not valid. This study demonstrates the importance of multiple contextual embeddedness.     

论史学方法体系的重建

中西学术思想及其史学观念的新进展 ,为我国史学方法体系的重建提供了理论前提。以罗荣渠的现代化研究、白寿彝总主编的《中国通史》、李学勤等人的“夏商周断代工程”为典型的具体历史研究 ,既为重建史学方法体系奠定了现实基础 ,又启发我们必须把跨学科方法作为史学方法新体系的中心内容。在跨学科方法中 ,除了自然科学和社会科学方法之外 ,还应对人文学科的方法给予特别的重视。     

Investigating Differences in How the News Media Views Homosexuality Across Nations: An Analysis of the United States,South Africa,and Uganda

While there is a wealth of information about the extent to which people across the world disapprove of homosexuality, we know a lot less about the lenses through which they view same‐sex relations. The aim of this study is to understand better how homosexuality is framed in the public press, and how religion and economic development may combine to shape this discourse. Through an analysis of almost 400 newspaper articles, this study compares how homosexuality is framed in Uganda, South Africa, and the United States. Because these nations have high levels of religious belief, but differ in their level of economic development and democracy, we can assess how these factors interact to shape portrayals. Drawing on work from cultural sociology and the sociology of religion, this study shows that the United States is much more likely than Uganda to frame homosexuality as a civil rights issue and use entertainers as claimsmakers. Conversely, articles from Uganda are more likely than those from the United States or South Africa to frame homosexuality as a religious issue and draw on religious claimsmakers. Likewise, Uganda is much more likely than South Africa to discuss homosexuality in the context of Western influences.     

侗族民间音乐论要

侗族素有“音乐的民族”之称。其民间音乐内容丰富、形式多样 ,南、北两大方言区的音乐形态各具特色。通过对侗族民间歌曲、民间器乐及戏曲音乐的基本形态、基本特点和主要内容的系统论述 ,给出了其民间音乐文化构成要素的轮廓概貌。     

Estimation in an empirical bayes model for longitudinal and cross‐sectionally clustered binary data

Some studies generate data that can be grouped into clusters in more than one way. Consider for instance a smoking prevention study in which responses on smoking status are collected over several years in a cohort of students from a number of different schools. This yields longitudinal data, also cross‐sectionaliy clustered in schools. The authors present a model for analyzing binary data of this type, combining generalized estimating equations and estimation of random effects to address the longitudinal and cross‐sectional dependence, respectively. The estimation procedure for this model is discussed, as are the results of a simulation study used to investigate the properties of its estimates. An illustration using data from a smoking prevention trial is given.     

跨文化格局中的美学比较

跨文化格局中的美学比较所以能够发生 ,根本原因在于古典意义上那种普遍有效的理论话语的失效和多元、相对观念的确立。要摆脱中西方美学比较中长期存在的滞缓不前、缺少突破的局面 ,有必要特别强调中西方文化精神对中西方美学比较的功能性制约和参照系的科学选择问题