Television and Violence in the Economy of Memory

The present paper aims to consider the cultural function of television as a technology for the creation of a public memory. The television system records past images, preserves them, and broadcasts various historical programs. A viewer owns the public memory jointly, through watching/consuming programs. However, the process of production and consumption of programs is linked with the exclusion of other historical memories from the public space. After all, the creation of public memories in depth is related to social power. Through the analysis in concrete terms of a series of programs of Project X and the second episode of the Nippon Hoso Kyokai (NHK; Japan Broadcasting Corporation) series, Special Edition: Judging War, the relationship between the organization of public memories and social power is explored. Project X depicts the challenges of engineers of middle standing who initiated new industrial and technological developments in the 1960s and 1970s. Special Edition: Judging War is based on coverage of the Women's International War Crimes Tribunal on Japan's Military Sexual Slavery. This program was subjected to revision on the eve of its broadcast. What forms of expression were eliminated? These two programs should help us define more clearly what the Japanese media selects for incorporation into the public memory.     

Book Reviews

Book reviews: Rosemary Crompton (ed), Restructuring Gender Relations and Employment: The Decline of the Male Breadwinner Susan Eisenberg, We’ll Call You If We Need You: Experiences of Women Working in Construction Fiona M. Wilson, Organizational Behaviour: A Critical Introduction Rohan Collier, Equality in Managing Service Delivery Joyce K. Fletcher, Disappearing Acts: Gender, Power and Relational Practice at Work Miriam Glucksmann, Cottons and Casuals : The Gendered Organisation of Labour in Time and Space     

Border Crossings and Diasporic Identities: Media Use and Leisure Practices of an Ethnic Minority

The diaspora of peoples whose origins were in the Indian subcontinent (South Asia) and who are now living in Western countries (especially the U.S. and UK) provides an interesting example of processes of negotiation of new hybrid cultures and identities, using new technologies, such as the Internet, and older technologies like the video player, cable or satellite television, radio, and telephone. These developments may require a revision of the classic sociological picture of assimilation as a zero sum model of acculturation, in which the acculturation of immigrants and their children involves the gradual replacement of their ethnic culture by that of the culture of the host nation. The electronic media, in the context of policies of multiculturalism, may lead to an accentuation of religio-ethnic differences. Contrary to previous assumptions, middle-class immigrants may be more inclined to resist cultural assimilation than their lower-class counterparts.     

文艺复兴与天主教

资产阶级的新文化运动文艺复兴与封建主义意识形态的主要代表天主教之间 ,由于社会现实的巨大变化和诸多的文化因素 ,不仅有对立和抗争 ,而且有传承乃至合作 ,不仅有变异而且有遗传 ,不仅有本质差别 ,而且有血脉相连     

瓦尔登湖畔的圣贤:梭罗与孔孟之道

美国“超验主义”作家梭罗生前一直很少为人所知 ,2 0世纪 90年代中国读者才真正开始对他关注和推崇 ;梭罗简单而馥郁的一生 ,尤其是他在瓦尔登湖进行简化生活 ,回归自然的人生实验赢得了人们的尊敬和向往 ,在他的身上不仅洋溢着美国精神 ,还闪烁着中国古老文明的异彩 ,他的精神源泉可以追溯到孔子、颜回那里 ;梭罗、瓦尔登湖和孔孟之道的奇妙相融 ,很象是一个神话 ,一个美丽的传说 ,它将在中美文化交流的史册上永远流传     

我国区域刑事法律冲突初探

我国各民族之间的差异、民族区域自治制度及其自治权的存在是我国区域刑事法律冲突产生的基本原因,而通过制定顾全大局、兼顾特别的变通性、补充性刑法规范,可缓解这一冲突;通过加快少数民族地区的发展步伐,逐步消除民族之间的政治、经济、文化上的差距,进而达到彻底消除这一冲突,实现法制统一的良好局面。     

长江三峡地区舟楫的主要功用和民俗文化

长江三峡地区自古以来就是水上交通和战略要道。舟楫对这一地区社会、经济的发展起着不可估量的重要作用。它不仅是这一地区运输的大动脉,更是旅游的主力军。此外舟楫与本地区的民俗和文化水乳交融,有着深厚的积淀和内涵,舟楫文化对该地区社会、文化的发展具有深远的影响和意义。     

Sampling Strategies for Toxic Air Contaminants

Annual concentrations of toxic air contaminants are of primary concern from the perspective of chronic human exposure assessment and risk analysis. Despite recent advances in air quality monitoring technology, resource and technical constraints often impose limitations on the availability of a sufficient number of ambient concentration measurements for performing environmental risk analysis. Therefore, sample size limitations, representativeness of data, and uncertainties in the estimated annual mean concentration must be examined before performing quantitative risk analysis. In this paper, we discuss several factors that need to be considered in designing field-sampling programs for toxic air contaminants and in verifying compliance with environmental regulations. Specifically, we examine the behavior of SO2, TSP, and CO data as surrogates for toxic air contaminants and as examples of point source, area source, and line source-dominated pollutants, respectively, from the standpoint of sampling design. We demonstrate the use of bootstrap resampling method and normal theory in estimating the annual mean concentration and its 95% confidence bounds from limited sampling data, and illustrate the application of operating characteristic (OC) curves to determine optimum sample size and other sampling strategies. We also outline a statistical procedure, based on a one-sided t-test, that utilizes the sampled concentration data for evaluating whether a sampling site is compliance with relevant ambient guideline concentrations for toxic air contaminants.     

具有中国特色的执政党建设理论的创立——兼谈改革开放30年党的建设的经验

改革开放的每一重大战略部署和伟大实践，都包含着党的建设的新举措和党的建设理论的新探索。党的建设的实践和理论的每一创新发展，也反过来推进和保证了中国特色社会主义经济、政治、文化、社会建设和各个领域的改革。中国共产党对历史方位转变和执政党建设理论的认识，已经达到了新的高度，提出要“深化对共产党执政规律的认识”这一命题，本身就是中国共产党在30年党的建设理论创新过程中，获得的一个重要成果。我们研究具有中国特色的马克思主义执政党建设理论。从根本上说，就是要认识执政规律，尊重执政规律，努力按照执政规律加强执政党建设，加强和改善党对中国特色社会主义事业的领导，完成党肩负的伟大历史使命。     

宗族与风俗:明代中后期社会变迁的缩影——以浙江余姚江南徐氏为例

明嘉靖万历时浙江绍兴府余姚地区的社会风俗变化很大,并深刻影响到生活方式以及人们的观念。嘉靖时徐天泽将风俗的变化归结为人们的"物欲",在讲求"义"的伦理政治下,"物欲"表现出的"利"对于社会的冲击无疑是巨大的。人们不再安分守己,以满足欲望为追求。余姚江南徐氏在明代由于科举人才辈出,引人注目。地方志从批判的角度记载风俗奢靡,编纂者号召人们移风易俗,反映了地方官的意志以及地方绅士的主张。最值得注意的是,士大夫通过宗族建设来移风易俗,维护社会秩序,造成宗族乡约化,进而组织化。