城市化进程中的郊区农村土地问题——扬州市何村考察

作为城市郊区村,何村的城市化与土地非农化密切相关。土地非农化的主要方式是土地征用。20世纪70年代以来,土地征用方式及其依据的法律法规发生了重要变化。何村征地的实践取决于政府的相关政策,以及相关利益主体的博弈。当前,政府与新兴市场力量日益强势,被征地农民沦为弱势。现行征地制度存在诸多弊端,亟需变革。应当通过重新调整利益分配,构建相对均衡与和谐的利益格局,增进失地农民权益,消除农村社会不稳定因素。     

名词动用过程中的隐喻思维

从认知角度考察了名词转换成动词使用过程中的隐喻思维特征,提示了词义扩展的心理基础和语义特征,有助于培养和提高学生更好地理解词汇意义生成与引伸规律的能力,对增强学生词汇识记意识和教师语言教学有现实意义。     

老年人日常照料的角色介入模型

本文在总结国内外老年人照料研究的基础上,提出老年人日常照料的角色介入模型,其核心是三个规律：即（1）成本命题：一个角色介入老年人日常照料的成本越大,其介入照料的概率就越低;（2）邻近命题：与被照料者的地理和社会邻近度越高,照料角色介入的可能性就越高;（3）责任命题：对被照料者的责任感越高,照料者介入的可能性就越大。由此三个命题所延伸出的六个假设,通过多元正态概率模型对2000年“中国城乡老年人口状况一次性抽样调查”的原始数据进行分析,结果显示,多数假设得到数据的支持。这一研究结果对厘清老年人照料的社会化和家庭照料之间的关系及其理性的公共政策选择,提供了新的视角和理论依据。     

Generative systemic-constructionist psychotherapy in the face of crisis in the context of armed violence in colombia: Case of MM,Montes de María – Department of Sucre

This article aims to show a process of systemic-constructionist and generative therapy in the face of crisis situations experienced by MM. MM is a woman victim–survivor from the region of Los Montes de María in Colombia, a territory hard hit by armed violence between 1990 and 2008. Methodologically, the fragments presented are those that are repeated in three sessions. Psychotherapeutic work is a combination of dialogical and interactive resources, opportunities, and capacities that combine three kinds of time in MM's daily life. These are: first, the past of the violence; second, the present comprised of the presence of memories of violence, social and family interactions, together with psychiatric diagnoses; and third, the sense of a future based on the hope of reducing their suffering and taking action against the violence. Analysis and interpretation are hermeneutical constructions carried out throughout the psychotherapeutic process and in the midst of generative dialogues. On the one hand, the scientific and everyday knowledge that helps to process and transform the crisis is recognised. On the other hand, it shows a form of knowledge that distances itself from the parameters of science and positivist approaches. In conclusion, this article is an opportunity to question traditional positions within the field of mental health in the light of moments constructed with MM in the framework of systemic-constructionist therapy, seen as a relational space where generative contexts are built.     

互联网使用与家庭间接碳排放:测度及影响因素分析

面临全球气候变暖和能源短缺的双重危机，我国在明确提出“双碳”目标后，党的二十大报告再次强调了绿色低碳产业和绿色低碳生活方式在实现高质量发展中的关键作用。在此背景下，深入探讨家庭这一重要能耗部门的能源消费及其碳排放状况，对于探寻家庭碳减排的有效路径具有重要意义。本文以占据家庭主要能源消耗的间接用能为代表，以中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)数据为基础，基于消费生活方式法测度了家庭间接碳排放量，并通过构建双向固定效应模型实证分析了互联网使用对家庭碳排放的影响；在此基础上，采用中介效应模型和Bootstrap法共同验证了互联网使用影响家庭间接碳排放的作用路径；并进一步基于家庭所在地区、城乡类别以及收入水平差异这三个视角，探讨了互联网使用对家庭间接碳排放的异质性影响。研究发现：首先，互联网使用正向促进了家庭间接碳排放，对享受型消费碳排放和发展型消费碳排放的增加效应最为显著，而对生存型消费碳排放则没有明显的影响。其次，互联网使用主要通过网络购物这一中介变量对家庭间接碳排放产生正向影响。最后，异质性分析表明：互联网使用对东部、中部以及西部地区家庭的间接碳排放均有显著的正向影响，且作用强度从中部、西部到东...     

Emotional Reactivity to Daily Family Conflicts: Testing the Within-Person Sensitization

Although the sensitization hypothesis posits that heightened reactivity to interparental conflict is linked to adolescent psychopathology, limited studies tested whether sensitization would emerge in parent-adolescent conflict and across ethnicity or culture. This study revisits the sensitization hypothesis by examining adolescent emotional reactivity to interparental and parent-adolescent conflicts on a daily timescale. The sample included 163 adolescents (55% girls; M_age = 12.79) and their parents (78% females; M_age = 45.46) who completed a 10-day reports in Taiwan. Multilevel modeling results showed that, instead of interparental conflict, adolescents with greater histories of parent-adolescent conflict exhibited higher emotional reactivity when parent-adolescent conflict was higher. The findings underscore the importance of parent-adolescent conflict in evaluating adolescent developmental risk.     

The puzzles of daily life: The temporal orders of families when parents have non-standard work schedules

This article investigates the temporal orders of families as the daily rhythms and schedules when one or both parents work non-standard hours. Our focus is especially on the often asynchronous times of non-standard work, on one hand, and of early childhood education and care (ECEC) services and other institutions, on the other hand. The data consist of semi-structured qualitative interviews of Finnish parents with a four-year-old child. The results show that the asynchronous times generated by non-standard working hours cause a wide range of collisions both in relation to childcare and ECEC and to the division of labour between parents. The parents are ‘wrestling’, not only because of the asynchrony of their own work but also because of the ‘pedagogical rhythm’ created by ECEC professionals. However, the parents also find ways to manage time, facilitated by workplace flexibility or spousal negotiations over the sharing of responsibilities.     

Recommended Reference Values for Risk Assessment of Oral Exposure to Copper

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) database, the authoritative source of U.S. risk assessment toxicity factors, currently lacks an oral reference dose (RfD) for copper. In the absence of such a value, various health-based reference values for copper are available for use in risk assessment. We summarize the scientific bases and differences in assumptions among key reference values for ingested copper to guide selection of appropriate values for risk assessment. A comprehensive review of the scientific literature best supports the oral RfD of 0.04 mg/kg body weight/day derived by EPA from their Drinking Water Action Level. This value is based on acute gastrointestinal effects but is further supported by broader analysis of copper deficiency and toxicity.     

宋代的家塾

家塾，也称馆塾、家馆或馆，是两宋私学的重要组成部分。宋代的家塾，主要在中上层家庭或家族中设置。依据家世和经济背景，有三类家庭或家族常设置家塾。家塾的具体位置，一般是在家族居所及附近，或与之有隶属关系的僧寺。家塾日常运营的经费，绝大部分由本家族自己提供。家族经商、田租的收入，建家塾者的俸禄，本族兄弟的赞助等，都是家墪惯常的经济来源。根据家塾规模和所属家庭、家族的特色，其管理各不相同。作为家庭和家族的私学，宋代家塾的所有权特色明显。