浅谈学分制的教学管理

通过对教学计划管理、教学运行管理、考试管理、学籍管理的论述及对学分制教学模式运行现状的分析,提出应建立健全与学分制相适应的、科学严谨的教学运行与组织管理制度,改革课程体系,优化课程方案,加强教学管理人员队伍的建设,完善教学资源配置,逐步完善学分制的教学管理。     

减排责任与实现中国经济增长低碳化

针对气候变暖的严峻形势,低碳经济开始登上历史的舞台。目前,对于是否建设低碳经济存在一定程度的争议。争议主要表现为如何分配减排责任,其核心在于降低碳排放对于经济发展的影响。在气候变暖、能源枯竭等压力之下,降低碳排放是必然选择,而解决这一矛盾最妥善的办法是转变经济增长方式,建设低碳经济,实现经济增长低碳化。     

横向抗震挡块对桥梁抗震性能的影响分析

为了研究横向弹塑性挡块对梁式桥横向抗震性能的影响,以一典型梁式桥为工程背景,应用非线性时程方法分析比较了墩梁之间横向固结、横向无水平约束、采用弹塑性钢挡块三种约束方式下结构的地震响应。研究表明：假设墩梁之间横向固结会导致较大的墩柱横向地震内力响应,而假设墩梁横向无水平约束导致较大的墩梁横向相对位移,增加落梁风险。采用弹塑性钢挡块（横桥向弹塑性约束）可以合理控制横桥向墩梁相对位移和墩柱的横向地震反应。     

利用弹性参数识别气、水层

摘要：对于复杂孔隙结构储层而言,孔隙结构对电阻率的影响程度可能远大于流体类型对电阻率的影响,这就使得气、水层的电阻率特征差别不明显,利用电阻率不能有效区别气、水层。基于孔隙中天然气与油、水体积模量的显著差别,根据孔隙流体体积模量的大小来识别气、水层。研究采用了纵横波速度比（vp/vs）和孔隙流体的体积模量这两个与电阻率无关的弹性参数来判别储层的流体类型。理论模拟表明含有少量气体时可使纵波速度及其纵横波速度比显著减小,横波对气体含量不敏感,水层的 vp/vs显著大于气层。采用 vp/vs与横波交会法识别气、水层可消除孔隙和岩性的影响而突出流体类型的影响。     

基于过程神经网络的六维力传感器动态解耦研究

六维力传感器动态解耦方法主要集中于不变性动态解耦方法和迭代解耦方法,其解耦效果取决于建模精度,强耦合情况下解耦误差大,工程实现复杂.文章针对这一问题提出一种基于过程神经网络动态解耦算法,将六维力传感器输入输出及网络权函数进行相同正交基展开,简化计算过程,求解六维力传感器输出输入耦合关系.实验结果表明,过程神经网络在六维力传感器动态解耦中应用效果良好,为动态解耦提供了一种新方法.     

京津冀地区经济增长与资源环境的脱钩关系

通过分析区域内经济、产业的发展,资源、环境要素的分布,基于改进的Tapio弹性脱钩理论及评价体系,结合生态足迹、碳排放、综合脱钩指数模型,对2000-2013年间京津冀地区经济增长与环境资源的脱钩程度、时空演变进行定量综合分析。研究表明:（1）脱钩状态从2000年经济增长造成资源消耗、环境恶化的“增长连结”,逐渐过渡到2008年两者协调的“强脱钩”,虽然从2009年后脱钩指数有所减弱,但资源环境所受压力始终存在。（2）经济增速与产业分布不均,造成脱钩指数存在地域差异,北京的脱钩状态最优,天津的资源环境压力处于区域平均水平,而河北由于第二产业占比较大造成环境污染加剧,使其成为区域生态建设的薄弱环节。未来京津冀一体化战略需实现经济与资源、环境的协调及可持续发展,开展与经济相适应的生态环境建设,形成京津冀目标同向、措施一体、优势互补、互利共赢的协同发展新格局。     

Decision model of customer order decoupling point on multiple customer demands in logistics service supply chain

The key factor in realising competitiveness of a logistics service supply chain (LSSC) is its ability to meet customised requirements with the cost of mass service. This paper introduces the concepts of mass customisation and customer order decoupling point (CODP) into the field of logistics service to solve the problem of CODP when a logistics service integrator (LSI) in an LSSC operates under mass customisation. Two models of CODP decision, respectively, on single and multiple customer demands, are developed. Both process constraints and lead time constraints from the customised logistics service orders are considered. Unlike CODP positioning models within the manufacturing supply chain, the objective of this paper is to exclusively consider the cost of order transferring and order waiting at CODP to minimise total cost of the LSI. The applications of the two models are also discussed by two real cases, and three major conclusions are drawn. First, introducing mass customisation into an LSSC and minimising total cost of order processing of the LSI by selecting an optimised CODP is feasible. Second, total cost will decrease monotonously along with the movement of CODP toward the last service procedure under the precondition of satisfying lead time constraints. Third, parameters about the customers’ logistics service orders will bring about great influence on the selection of CODP. For instance, the lead time of orders will influence the number of feasible CODPs and the position of optimal CODP. Also, decreasing cost of order transferring and order waiting will not cause the change of optimal CODP, while increasing cost of order transferring and order waiting will lead to the switch of optimal CODP.     

NAPLAN data: a new policy assemblage and mode of governance in Australian schooling

ABSTRACT

As part of a policy assemblage, the National Assessment Program – Literacy and Numeracy (NAPLAN) is representative of a new mode of governance for Australia's schooling systems, indicative of international trends in educational accountability based on testing. The policy assumption was that the introduction of a national performance measurement system would tightly couple school practices to national agendas targeted at improving learning outcomes. This paper presents a comparative case study of two primary schools within a single Queensland region to interrogate how coupling and decoupling strategies are enacted in respect of the policy usage of NAPLAN data. The granular analysis of the governance relationship between the school principals and their supervisors is set against the politics, policies and pressures of NAPLAN that recast the initiative as high stakes for systems, schools and their leadership. Specifically, we argue that Queensland's choice and enactment of policy instruments have produced a new mode of governance of principal conduct, but one mediated by the specific contexts of the two schools. The analysis shows how this mode has precipitated two types of decoupling.     

重载汽车与路面的动力相互作用研究

采用二自由度四分之一汽车悬架和粘弹性地基梁模型建立了二维汽车 路面系统。通过模态叠加法得到了路面位移的显示解析解,研究了路面位移响应的分布规律及路面振动对汽车的二次激励作用。研究结果表明,汽车正在经过的路面振动最大,汽车行驶前后的路面振动不对称;路面对汽车的二次位移激励呈周期性分布,频率接近移动汽车载荷对路面的作用频率。     

服务业对中国经济增长效应的实证研究

通过采用弹性分析和回归分析的方法,以1990～2006年数据,对服务业及服务业内部各产业部门发展对经济增长的效应进行了实证研究,研究发现服务业发展对经济增长效应是很明显的,但是不同的服务业发展对经济增长的效应是不同的。基于分析提出了大力发展服务业的各种政策建议。