A a comparison of the markov chain and the integral equation approaches for evaluating the run length distribution of quality control charts

Two methods that are often used to evaluate the run length distribution of quality control charts are the Markov chain and integral equation approaches. Both methods have been used to evaluate the cumulative sum (CUSUM) charts and the exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) control charts. The Markov chain approach involves "discretiz-ing" the possible values which can be plotted. Using properties of finite Markov chains, expressions for the distribution of the run length, and for the average run length (ARL), can be obtained. For the CUSUM and EWMA charts there exist integral equations whose solution gives the ARL. Approximate methods can then be used to solve the integral equation. In this article we show that if the product midpoint rule is used to approximate the integral in the integral equation, then both approaches yield the same approximations for the ARL. In addition we show that the recursive expressions for the probability functions are the same for the two approaches. These results establish the integral equation approach as preferable whenever an integral equation can be found     

On cramér-von mises tests of goodness of fit with censored data

The paper considers the goodness of fit tests with right censored data or doubly censored data. The Fredholm Integral Equation (FIE) method proposed by Ren (1993) is implemented in the simulation studies to estimate the null distribution of the Cramér-von Mises test statistics and the asymptotic covariance function of the self-consistent estimator for the lifetime distribution with right censored data or doubly censored data. We show that for fixed alternatives, the bootstrap method does not estimate the null distribution consistently for doubly censored data. For the right censored case, a comparison between the performance of FIE and the η out of η bootstrap shows that FIE gives better estimation for the null distribution. The application of FIE to a set of right censored Channing House data and to a set of doubly censored breast cancer data is presented.     

一个Hilbert型积分不等式的最佳推广

应用权函数,给出一个新的含有两对共轭指数的有最佳常数因子的Hilbert型积分不等式的最佳推广．同时给出相应的等价形式．     

言语行为论能用来反驳罗素的摹状词理论吗?

约翰·塞尔提出了一种基于言语行为论的论证,支持斯特劳森,反驳罗素的限定摹状词理论。他的论证有两个前提。第一,只有两种可能的方式把罗素的理论应用于所有种类的语内行为:我们要么把每个包含限定摹状词的语内行为都分析为包含有存在断定,或者把它分析为只在命题内容中有存在性表达。第二个前提是两种方式都行不通。我质疑第二个前提并试图表明塞尔并没有给出充分理由证明普通所谓命令或提问不能包含断定。在结尾处,我描述了一种语言现象,即包含限定摹状词的语言可用来进行欺骗,以支持罗素的理论。     

Approximation of fractional Brownian sheet by Wiener integral

In this paper, we consider an approximation of the fractional Brownian sheet by two parameter wiener integral. We obtain that there exists an unique two parameter wiener integral closest to the fractional Brownian sheet.     

3种热平衡积分法结果的比较

运用传统的、改进的和替换的热平衡积分法求解了一维单相融化问题,在不依赖精确解的情况下比较了3种积分方法近似解的精度.结果表明：在固定温度边界条件下选取二次函数近似时,传统的热平衡积分法较改进的和替换的热平衡积分法更准确,随着Stefan数的减小,3种积分法结果的误差都在减小.     

灰模糊积分关联度决策模型

灰关联度决策模型是在假设属性之间彼此相互独立的基础上构建的,但是在很多实际问题中属性之间往往存在一定的交互作用,从而导致灰关联度决策模型失效。针对这一问题,引入模糊积分理论,构建了灰模糊积分关联度决策模型。为求解该模型,定义了基于属性权重和属性间交互度的默比乌斯变换系数,来计算2可加模糊测度,其中属性权重通过序关系分析法和施密特正交马田系统共同确定,属性间的交互关系和交互度由专家确定。以廉租房保障家庭经济状况评估为例,对灰模糊积分关联度决策模型和灰关联度决策模型进行比较验证,验证结果表明灰模糊积分关联度决策模型的决策结果更加科学合理,有较好的应用价值。     

Alternative expectation formulas for real-valued random vectors

Abstract

When the elements of a random vector take any real values, formulas of product moments are obtained for continuous and discrete random variables using distribution/survival functions. The random product can be that of strictly increasing functions of random variables. For continuous cases, the derivation based on iterated integrals is employed. It is shown that Hoeffding’s covariance lemma is algebraically equal to a special case of this result. For discrete cases, the elements of a random vector can be non-integers and/or unequally spaced. A discrete version of Hoeffding’s covariance lemma is derived for real-valued random variables.     

郑州市水资源城乡一体化管理的探讨与建议

水资源是人类赖以生存和发展的重要自然资源,一切社会和经济活动都极大地依赖水资源的保障。随着经济社会的快速发展,城市与农村、地表水与地下水等分割管理的水资源管理体制日益成为水资源可持续利用的主要制约因素。21世纪城乡之间经济社会发展存在的主要矛盾之一将是战略资源即水资源的分配问题。因此,必须从城乡居民生活、环境、工农业生产的高度,看待城乡水资源的管理问题。打破城乡之间、地区之间、部门之间的水管理界限,建立起城市和农村、用水与节水一体化管理的城乡水资源统一管理体制,其根本目的是实现水资源的优化配置和可持续利用。城乡水资源统一管理,是适应经济社会可持续发展的必然要求。     

股份合作制优越性的若干辨析

近年来在国有中小型企业改革中出现了一种新的形式,即股份合作制。它是通过改制向本企业职工出售资产而形成,是一种新的集体经济。其产权关系明晰,实现了政企分开,企业真正成为市场主体,职工真正成为企业主人。对我国的国有中小企业而言,股份合作制有着其他企业制度不可比拟的优势