Olive Oil Consumption in Greece: A Microeconometric Analysis

In this paper, the factors affecting at-home demand for three types of oils and fats in Greece, with emphasis on olive oil, are investigated using the linear approximation of the Almost Ideal Demand System and family budget survey data. To overcome the econometric problem created with the existence of zero expenditure, a generalization of the two-stage Heckman procedure is employed. In order to investigate the role of self-consumption, two different samples were used. The first includes all households; the second excludes those that acquire olive oil only from own production. According to the results, there are important differences in the first stage of the decision process between the two samples. Unlike the first stage, the second stage of the decision process found no important differences between the results for the two samples.     

黑龙江（汉族）民歌衍变过程探析——对黑龙江、河北（汉族）民歌的比较

黑龙江汉族民歌的衍变历经了数百年的岁月沧桑，它与民族迁徙、人口变迁以及文化传统等存在着极为密切的联系。通过对黑龙江民歌与河北、山东、河南、山西民歌进行比较，表明黑龙江民歌与河北民歌之间存在着较近的亲缘关系。因此，文章试图在对较有代表性的几首黑龙江与河北民歌比较研究的基础上进一步探究黑龙江民歌衍变的影响因素。     

中国近年来消费需求增长乏力的原因探析

消费需求增长乏力是近年来我国宏观经济面临的突出问题,这是居民消费能力、消费动力和消费环境三方面因素共同作用的结果。首先,居民收入增加与GDP增长不同步导致居民消费能力有限,而收入差距不断拉大则引起消费能力分配失衡;其次,未来收入和支出的预期不稳定、消费信贷制度滞后等在很大程度上降低了居民消费动力;最后,相关配套体制和设施不健全、与市场经济不协调的消费习惯等也都影响了消费需求的增加。     

Bias Correction in the Dynamic Panel Data Model with a Nonscalar Disturbance Covariance Matrix

Approximation formulae are developed for the bias of ordinary and generalized Least Squares Dummy Variable (LSDV) estimators in dynamic panel data models. Results from Kiviet [Kiviet, J. F. (1995), on bias, inconsistency, and efficiency of various estimators in dynamic panel data models, J. Econometrics68:53-78; Kiviet, J. F. (1999), Expectations of expansions for estimators in a dynamic panel data model: some results for weakly exogenous regressors, In: Hsiao, C., Lahiri, K., Lee, L-F., Pesaran, M. H., eds., Analysis of Panels and Limited Dependent Variables, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 199-225] are extended to higher-order dynamic panel data models with general covariance structure. The focus is on estimation of both short- and long-run coefficients. The results show that proper modelling of the disturbance covariance structure is indispensable. The bias approximations are used to construct bias corrected estimators which are then applied to quarterly data from 14 European Union countries. Money demand functions for M1, M2 and M3 are estimated for the EU area as a whole for the period 1991: I-1995: IV. Significant spillovers between countries are found reflecting the dependence of domestic money demand on foreign developments. The empirical results show that in general plausible long-run effects are obtained by the bias corrected estimators. Moreover, finite sample bias, although of moderate magnitude, is present underlining the importance of more refined estimation techniques. Also the efficiency gains by exploiting the heteroscedasticity and cross-correlation patterns between countries are sometimes considerable.     

浅析英国工业革命的市场条件

国内外市场的存在及市场需求的不断增长的压力是英国工业生产发展的主要动因。英国可资利用的市场规模远较欧洲其它国家的市场大,这大大便利了英国工业品的生产与销售。英国市场的性质也有助于工业再生产的进行。     

哈桑·图拉比与苏丹的"伊斯兰试验"

哈桑.图拉比的宗教政治思想充满了理想主义色彩,主张社会伊斯兰化,强调“真主主权论”,否定民族主义,否定国家权威,主张开放与对话,倡导宗教对话。其领导的伊斯兰民族阵线审时度势,相机而动,在苏丹的两度军人政权中推动国家的伊斯兰化。由于国内外的诸多影响因素以及图拉比在理论与实践、理想与现实之间充满的矛盾,图拉比与军人政权的结盟在本质上仍是权力斗争的需要。要实现苏丹政治稳定和国家发展,务实主义的领导集体和治国方略必不可少。     

我国刑法对文物的保护及立法完善思考

我国现行刑法对文物的保护主要体现在对妨害文物管理罪、走私文物出口罪、盗窃文物和失职造成珍贵文物流失罪的规定上。纵观刑法对文物保护的规定,在体系、罪名、法定刑等方面存在一些不合理之处。针对我国刑法对文物保护的不足,建议调整妨害文物管理罪的结构,增加过失损毁名胜古迹罪,将过失损毁文物罪改为过失损毁珍贵文物罪,修改故意损毁名胜古迹罪和故意损毁文物罪的法定刑。     

进化的精神和生活的道德——鲁迅与契诃夫人生哲学比较论

面对着现实困境的鲁迅与契诃夫都珍视人生的价值,强调人的自我意识与主体力量,但是由于文化传统与历史背景的不同,他们的人生哲学各具特色。鲁迅的人生哲学体现了战斗的进化精神,契诃夫的人生哲学探讨了超脱的生活道德。     

Firm-level training in local economic systems: Complementarities in production and firm innovation strategies

The paper presents a conceptual review over the main aspects concerning the role of human capital investments and training activities within production processes, followed by empirical evidence on two local economic systems in Northern Italy, based on recent survey data. Theoretical and empirical considerations are brought together in order to provide new insights on the role of training and the factors associated to training activities at firm level.The potential driving factors of training here analysed compounds structural characteristics, labour demand dynamics, human resource management practices, workforce features, and firm performances. We observe that training activities emerge positively associated with high-performance practices, innovative labour demand features, workforce skill level, firm size, and are affected by labour flexibility in various directions. Empirical evidence confirms most previous results but also adds further important insights. The analysis suggests that a widening gap, between few innovatively evolving and many stagnant firms, could characterise the future dynamics of the Region. The high relevance of structural variables, labour demand factors and HRM/innovation practices shows that regional industrial policies and labour policies should be jointly implemented for increasing potential firm productivity. This is a key concern for the current debate on local systems economic development in the European and Italian environment.     

中国文学中叛逆女性形象的演进

以古代文学的典型判逆女性形象为依据,以社会发展、文化演进和妇女解放为历史背景,分析和论述了中国文学中女性形象之女性角色、女性精神追求的变化及文化意义,女性自我意识的逐渐觉醒和妇女解放的发展趋势的演进过程.