后税改时代农民的利益诉求分析

农村税费改革是建国后在农村实行的又一次重大改革,对农民的利益诉求问题产生了重大影响,引起了农民利益诉求在经济、政治、文化和发展等几个方面的变化。后税改时代农民利益诉求的主动性增强,农民将利益诉求的主要对象定位为党和政府、利益诉求的层次比税改前有较大提高。     

宁夏川、山区农村居民消费结构比较分析

宁夏农村人口数量巨大,启动农村消费市场、扩大农村居民消费需求,对扩大宁夏内需具有积极意义。宁夏川、山区农村居民的消费结构、平均消费倾向和边际消费倾向有别,应因地制宜地推进相关政策。     

大数据背景下智慧医养护一体化5I模式研究

从虚拟价值视角出发,着眼于智慧医养护大数据增值,搭建了智慧医养护大数据平台,并基于该平台构建了智慧医养护一体化5I模式。5I模式是一种以智能设备（Intelligent devices）为依托、以信息（Information）为载体、以整合（Integrate）为处理手段、以个性化（Individualized）与即时化（Immediate）为服务目标的智慧医养护一体化养老模式,利用大数据技术使服务需求主体（老年群体）、服务供给主体（社区、医院、护理院）、服务责任主体（政府、老人子女）都能及时获取完整的智慧医养护数据,并基于数据分析与数据挖掘,提供给老年群体快速精准的智慧医养护一体化服务,并建立完善的全周期监管服务体系。此外,从内外部详尽分析了5I模式的保障机制,以期实现智慧医养护一体化服务产业化,从而解决我国的养老诉求。     

日本老龄产业的现状及其相关政策

发展老龄产业是应对人口老龄化挑战的重要战略。日本的老龄产业经过20世纪70年代的萌芽期和80、90年代的形成期,目前进入了快速扩张期,成为重要的经济增长点。根据老年人各种需求的成熟状况和老龄产业各领域的发展特点,适时出台相应的政策措施,日本的经验对尚处于形成前期的我国老龄产业的发展具有借鉴意义。     

经济发达地区农民精神文化需求问题研究——基于福建省福清市农村的调查与分析

据对福建省福清市农民精神文化需求情况的调查,从农民思想文化需求现状、农民娱乐文化需求现状、农民对农村现有文化产品和服务的评价情况以及对农村文化产品和服务的需求现状等方面,对经济发达地区农民精神文化需求现状进行了实证分析,并就满足和引导农民精神文化需求提出相应的对策建议。     

浅析人事档案用户需求及服务策略

分析了现实环境下人事档案的利用方面,概括了用户需求的特点并根据这些特点提出了人事档案工作人员的服务策略,以更好地满足用户需求。     

LR型模糊需求下连续盘点库存策略研究

本文研究了LR型模糊需求下缺货需补的连续盘点库存优化问题。基于可信性理论,建立了成本最小化的库存模型和两种服务水平下的库存分析模型,给出了其求解方法,并将成本和服务水平两方面进行综合获得最优库存策略。最后的算例分析,数值比较了不同模型下的库存策略。     

Decision-making in Social Work Field Education: A “Good Enough” Framework

This qualitative study was designed to explore decision-making processes used by directors of field education in social work programs in the USA. It is a follow-up to previous research showing the dilemmas that field directors face [specifics deleted to maintain the integrity of the review process]. We asked 22 field directors to explain how they would handle different dilemmas designed to simulate the kinds of issues that typically arise in field education. Analyses revealed that field directors use a four-dimensional decision-making process to address competing demands, employing a ‘good enough’ framework. The four dimensions include student learning, professional ethics, agency relationships, and administrative expectations.     

Psychosocial safety climate,psychosocial and physical factors in the aetiology of musculoskeletal disorder symptoms and workplace injury compensation claims

Causal agents for workers' compensation claims and physical injury have largely been identified as physical demands. We proposed an integrated theory of physical injury (i.e. musculoskeletal disorder symptoms [MSDs]) and workers' compensation claims, which combined psychosocial and physical mechanisms. A random, population-based sample of 1095 Australian workers completed a telephone interview on two occasions 12 months apart. As expected, the physical mechanism was confirmed; physical demands were related to MSDs, which in turn predicted workers' compensation claims. Further, a novel psychosocial mechanism was confirmed. Psychosocial safety climate (PSC; perceptions about the organisation's climate for psychological health) was a precursor to psychosocial risks (e.g. harassment, violence, bullying and work pressure). In turn, these psychosocial risks were related to emotional exhaustion, MSDs and then workers' compensation claims. Evidence was therefore provided for psychosocial-physical processes in explaining MSDs and workers' compensation for claims for physical injury. Occupational health and safety legislators and policy makers should be aware that, beyond physical demands, factors usually associated with risk for mental stress claims (e.g. harassment, bullying, and violence) may additionally manifest in physical health problems and workers' compensation injury claims. Focusing on modifying the PSC in an organisation, “the cause of the causes”, may be an effective injury prevention and intervention strategy.     

The distinction between work pace and working hours in the measurement of quantitative demands at work

During recent years many researchers have criticized the widely used scales on psychological job demands. For instance, they comment that in most cases different types of demand seem to be mixed in one measure. In this paper we analyse the scale on quantitative job demands in the recently developed Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ), with special emphasis on Differential Item Functioning (DIF). DIF refers to basic differences between groups of respondents, which may affect how they respond to questionnaire items. The data material for our study comprised a representative sample of Danish employees. The respondents were categorized into 32 specific jobs according to the International Standard Classification of Occupations (ISCO 1968). We analysed DIF with respect to the respondents' jobs with logistic regression analyses. These analyses showed that the items used in the original demand scale functioned very differently for different jobs in the population. The conclusion is that scales on quantitative demands are very sensitive to the choice of specific items. If many items on fast work pace and tempo are included in a scale, a number of blue-collar jobs will be identified as high-demand jobs. If, on the other hand, many questions on long working hours and overtime are included, the use of the scale will result in an entirely different picture. This issue has so far received little attention in occupational health psychology. The results have wide theoretical and methodological implications for research on quantitative job demands.