高质量外语人才需求与培养对接研究

为培养出更多符合社会需要的外语专业人才,分别采用发放问卷和召开座谈会的方式对河北省内不同性质的用人单位进行了“外语专业人才需求与培养质量”调查。并在调查和访谈的基础上提出了系列培养目标、课程设置改革以及培养形式的参考方案,旨在从根本上为外语专业人才的培养模式提供可行的实质性建议。     

论人道主义视角下我国财产刑的执行内涵及价值

刑罚是国家运用公权力制裁犯罪的强制方法,它运用是否得当不仅关系到刑法基本原则能否充分贯彻,更直接关系到刑罚的功能是否充分显现。财产刑是我国重要的附加刑,随着财产刑的广泛适用和我国以人为本理念深入人心,财产刑的人道执行日益重要,它成为我国检视司法文明的重要标尺。因此,厘清我国财产刑人道执行的基本含义,探索财产刑人道执行的价值能够为我国司法实践从理论上做好铺垫,为寻找财产刑人道执行的正确路径打下坚实的基础。     

基于模糊聚类的RITS货运服务系统逻辑框架设计

基于发展先进的货物运输服务系统的迫切要求,在运用传统的面向过程的体系构架开发方法的基础上,借鉴了企业架构规划思想,提出了基于模糊聚类的RITS逻辑框架设计模型。从系统科学的思维角度出发,通过分析货物运输整套流程,提出了基于 RITS 面向货主的货运服务系统需求分析表,并定义了货运服务系统逻辑框架系统要素。运用模糊数学相关概念,定义了过程和数据的模糊关联矩阵,运用模糊聚类分析的数学方法,实现了RITS货运服务系统的逻辑框架功能模块软化分,并完成货运服务系统顶层逻辑框架DFD图。     

我国高速铁路货运产品开发

首先介绍了国外高铁货运产品现状,分析我国高铁货运产品的需求形势,并对高铁货运产品进行市场定位。然后对高铁货运产品进行开发,提出其运输组织方案及产品延伸服务。最后分析高铁货运产品的经济效益,为我国开发高铁货运产品提供参考。     

Job resources and emotional exhaustion: The mediating role of learning opportunities

The Job Demands-Resources model predicts that job demands increase and job resources decrease emotional exhaustion in employees. In this study, we investigated one possible mechanism for this, in order to provide a deeper insight into the role of job resources in this energy-depletion process. We assumed that job resources (autonomy and task variety) reduce emotional exhaustion through the promotion of opportunities for personal growth and development, especially workplace learning. Moreover, we expected that job demands (workload, cognitive and emotional demands) would be positively related to work-related learning opportunities. Our research model was tested in a large and heterogeneous sample out of the Dutch working population (N = 4589), following a cross-validation procedure. Multi-group structural equation modelling revealed that autonomy and task variety promoted learning opportunities, which in turn partially mediated between these job resources and emotional exhaustion. With respect to job demands, our study showed mixed results: cognitive demands promoted learning opportunities, workload frustrated such opportunities, and emotional demands were not significantly related to learning opportunities. Our results contribute to a better understanding of the interplay between job demands, job resources and learning opportunities in the energy-depletion process, and support the need for the promotion of learning opportunities in the workplace.     

Decision latitude,job demands,and employee well-being

Abstract

Karasek (1979) drew attention to the possibilities that job characteristics may be non-linearly associated with employee well-being, and that they may combine interactively in relation to well-being. This paper examines those issues, and finds that both linear and non-linear components are present in relationships between job features and well-being. However, there is no evidence for a synergistic interaction between decision latitude and job demands. Those job features are differentially predictive of two aspects of well-being: job-related depression-enthusiasm and anxiety-contentment.     

The effect of objective job demands on registered sickness absence spells; do personal,social and job-related resources act as moderators?

Abstract

This study applied Karaseks demand-control model, using sense of coherence (SOC), social support and job control as moderators of effects of job demands on ensuing sickness absence spells in a 3-year follow-up of 856 municipal employees. Among men the results supported the active learning hypothesis. Passive jobs predicted a high number of sickness absence spells and active jobs predicted a low number of spells. for short spells (1-3 days), the demand-control interaction, however, depended on SOC. In active jobs SOC was negatively associated with sickness absence spells; in passive jobs no such association was found. For long spells (3 days), the demand-control interaction depended on occupational level; active jobs were predictive of low absence spells among blue collar men. Among women, the results supported the strain hypothesis. The demand-control interaction, however, depended on household size. In small households, high-strain jobs predicted a high number of spells, while no increase in spells was found in active versus low-strain jobs. In larger households, the number of spells correlated positively with increasing demands even when control was good. The demand-control interaction, however, depended on SOC and spouse support. With strong SOC or spouse support, absence spells in active jobs remained on a relatively low level, otherwise active jobs led to a high number of spells. This suggests that SOC and spouse support may act as protective factors against female role conflicts associated with active jobs     

中国农村社会保障制度的需求分析——基于新制度经济学的视角

改革开放三十多年,我国基本社会保障建设正在向纵深推进,但农村社会保障仍存在着制度供给与需求的矛盾.新制度经济学认为,任何制度的有效供给,都必须有相应的需求,制度的供给方和需求方必须在某种程度上达成一致.作为需求方,农民的社会保障制度需求具有紧迫性、多样性的特点;但农民组织化程度较低,自身的声音微弱,其利益诉求难以有效表达.农村社会保障制度的发展需要增强农民在社会宏观层面的谈判诉求能力.     

论诉求表达发生机制的产生动力

探求民众利益诉求的发生规律是现代舆情理论研究中的重要内容。从民众诉求表达发生机制的运行机理看,诉求表达发生机制的产生和运行,既来自于内因的驱动,也来自于外因的刺激。从内因来看,需求和社会动机成为诉求表达发生的内驱动力;从外因分析,利益差别、中介性社会事项和社会情境等也成为诉求表达发生机制产生和运行的刺激动力。     

关于我国现代文化消费的伦理思考

现代文化消费内涵着巨大的善,它给我们的社会带来价值,使人们的精神生活得到更大程度的满足,使社会的精神、文化事业生机勃勃,产业得以发展,社会的文化、知识水平大幅提高,也带来了社会的康宁。其不利于社会发展、不利于社会价值实现的方面包括娱乐功能的过度化,精神追求的相对弱化,审美意识的淡化,与自然的隔绝等。建议以更开放的伦理理念看待文化消费,促进文化消费的发展,保障文化娱乐功能的正常发挥,增加快乐总量,但要控制过度的娱乐化,特别要注意对青少年的影响,注重培养文化精神,提升文化消费中的审美品位,让更多的文化消费活动回归自然,享受更多的身心健康。