Analysis of robust design experiments with time-dependent ordinal response characteristics: a quality improvement study from the horticulture industry

An approach to the analysis of time-dependent ordinal quality score data from robust design experiments is developed and applied to an experiment from commercial horticultural research, using concepts of product robustness and longevity that are familiar to analysts in engineering research. A two-stage analysis is used to develop models describing the effects of a number of experimental treatments on the rate of post-sales product quality decline. The first stage uses a polynomial function on a transformed scale to approximate the quality decline for an individual experimental unit using derived coefficients and the second stage uses a joint mean and dispersion model to investigate the effects of the experimental treatments on these derived coefficients. The approach, developed specifically for an application in horticulture, is exemplified with data from a trial testing ornamental plants that are subjected to a range of treatments during production and home-life. The results of the analysis show how a number of control and noise factors affect the rate of post-production quality decline. Although the model is used to analyse quality data from a trial on ornamental plants, the approach developed is expected to be more generally applicable to a wide range of other complex production systems.     

马克思哲学的历史主义根基:遗忘与重建

自产生之日起,历史主义理论就一直为它内含的矛盾所困扰:既要对事物的相对性和暂时性给予肯定,又要为其寻求确定性根据。在历史主义的诸种类型中,只有与决定论相结合的历史主义,才能避免相对主义的困扰,合理地处理这一矛盾。黑格尔以思辨形而上学为基础的历史观,只是虚假地克服了历史主义所必须面对的这一难题。马克思哲学既主张超越性的理想,又要在现实的历史中为这一理想的实现寻找必然性根据,因此它在以历史性原则揭示人的自由的同时,又以科学认知为自由的实现安置了客观性和确定性的基座,构建了一种特殊类型的历史主义。长期以来,由于遗忘了马克思哲学的这一历史主义根基,就出现了单纯从认知进路上和单纯从规范进路上解释马克思哲学的两种倾向。对于完整理解马克思哲学来说,重建它的历史主义根基具有根本性的意义。     

比较与融合:马克思主义哲学中国化的有效途径

与各种形式的哲学观点展开直接的对话交流,是当代中国马克思主义哲学发展过程中一个不可回避的现实境遇和路径选择。从我国改革开放和现代化建设的具体实践出发,着眼于世界历史变革和未来发展,以马克思主义哲学批判性思维为工具,分析比较中国哲学、西方哲学产生的不同文化背景、致思特点和理论旨趣,大胆地吸收借鉴其中所蕴藏的合理因素和思想营养,必将丰富充实马克思主义哲学的理论宝库,从而推进马克思主义哲学中国化的伟大历史进程。     

当代中国哲学社会科学的学术范式与文化自觉

自19世纪末以来,中国哲学社会科学有了三大思想文化资源：中国传统文化、马克思主义、西方思想文化。以何种方法和评价标准来整合这三大思想文化资源,成为以中国共产党代表的中国先进分子努力探索的历史性课题。中国特色、中国风格、中国气派是正确对待三大思想文化资源的学术范式。“马学为宗、国学为根、西学为鉴”是这一学术范式本质特征的综合体现。是当代中国的文化自觉。     

当代中国马克思主义大众化的哲学思考

从客体角度审视当代中国马克思主义大众化,就是要推动中国特色社会主义理论体系掌握群众。从主体角度审视当代中国马克思主义大众化,就是要人民群众掌握中国特色社会主义理论体系。理论、实践和群众三者之间的辩证关系决定了当代中国马克思主义大众化的必然性。推动当代中国马克思主义大众化。应既坚持真理原则又坚持价值原则。     

解读维特根斯坦私人语言中的三个区分和八种样式

路德维希·维特根斯坦(1889-1951)作为当代分析哲学的创始人,他的前后哲学始终贯穿着一条主线--对传统哲学的批判,这种批判最后集中于他对私人语言的驳斥.通过对维特根斯坦私人语言的三种区分和八种样式的解读,笔者认为:在对私人语言进行定义的方式中,前提性地蕴含了一种身心二元论的语言观:在这种二元论中,语言的作用就是指称对象,它起了一种奇妙的沟通两个平行世界的中介作用;在这样的框架里,"理解"一词的意思也必定是二元论的--说话人的语言在听者的心灵里引起的意义应当与说话人心里的意义一致;也只有在这种二元论式的"理解"意义上,在语言样式H(即维特根斯坦所定义的那种私人语言)中,由于语言指称对象是私人的内在感受--是严格私人的,而且独自使用该语言,这种语言才逻辑地蕴含了"另一个人不可能理解".     

印度古代哲学关于信息、系统、复杂性的思想

概要介绍了印度古代哲学的思想脉络及其主要文献和流派的信息、系统、复杂性思想.其范围包括:印度最古老的文献典籍<梨俱吠陀>、<奥义书>中的相关思想;婆罗门教正统六派哲学(数论派、瑜珈派、胜论派、正理派、弥曼差派、吠檀多派)中的相关思想;"异流三派"(佛教、耆那教、顺世论)和生活派(邪命外道)中的相关思想.通过这些介绍,试图简略地展示出印度古代哲学的博大精深、源远流长、神秘而深刻的特点和性质.     

论虚实关系在舞美设计中的运用

虚与实是艺术创作技巧的美学原则,在舞台美术设计中,更显示出虚实结合的独特性和必要性,具体来说,表现在几个方面:在布景设置上,要以实带虚,以虚衬实;在意境表达上,要虚实对比,和谐产生;在光色处理上,要虚实变幻,以景托人;在舞台布局上,要讲究整体,统筹协调.     

A variable-neighbourhood search algorithm for finding optimal run orders in the presence of serial correlation

The responses obtained from response surface designs that are run sequentially often exhibit serial correlation or time trends. The order in which the runs of the design are performed then has an impact on the precision of the parameter estimators. This article proposes the use of a variable-neighbourhood search algorithm to compute run orders that guarantee a precise estimation of the effects of the experimental factors. The importance of using good run orders is demonstrated by seeking D-optimal run orders for a central composite design in the presence of an AR(1) autocorrelation pattern.     

Cumulative correspondence analysis of ordered categorical data from industrial experiments

Most studies of quality improvement deal with ordered categorical data from industrial experiments. Accounting for the ordering of such data plays an important role in effectively determining the optimal factor level of combination. This paper utilizes the correspondence analysis to develop a procedure to improve the ordered categorical response in a multifactor state system based on Taguchi's statistic. Users may find the proposed procedure in this paper to be attractive because we suggest a simple and also popular statistical tool for graphically identifying the really important factors and determining the levels to improve process quality. A case study for optimizing the polysilicon deposition process in a very large-scale integrated circuit is provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed procedure.