The Formation and Development of New Zealand English: Interaction of Gender-Related Variation and Linguistic Change

This research assesses the relative roles played by men and women in the development of New Zealand English. Real-time evidence on the development of NZ English over the past fifty years is provided by comparison of speakers recorded in 1948 and their present day descendants recorded recently. Elements of two vowel shifts are studied, and particular attention is paid to the vowel variables in words such as MOUTH, TRAP and DRESS. Results indicate that women lead in changes which are new and dynamic, but lag behind men in the use of variables representing older changes. While these results mirror patterns of gender-related variation observed in other contexts, explanations in terms of prestige which are often assumed to account for this pattern of variation are found to be inadequate in the New Zealand case. Rather, a hypothesis in terms of dialect contact, and specifically women's preferred discourse strategies in contact situations, is used to explain the process and progress of linguistic change in NZ English.     

从乐都方言看元音对声母的影响

音节的独立性以及音节内部各单位的相互影响、制约是汉语音系的基本结构格局和音变机理,其在汉语音系的演变中起着重要作用。韵母中的元音对声母系统演变的影响是其表现之一。乐都方言中声母格局的形成与韵母中舌尖元音、及半元音υ的影响有密切关系。     

壶关方言特点探究

由于历史固享和自然环境的影响,致使壶关方言具有很丰富的内容。和北京话比较,在语音上该县方言分尖团音,古精组、知庄章组字声母有着差异,单字调有七个声调,等等。在结构上,“圪”与“不”成为其构词手段。在语法上,将其置于宾语之前,或是省略。动词“去”有其不同于北京话的表达方式；可能补语有其特点；动补结构末的“了”与“喽”也有其特殊用法。     

赣语乐安(湖溪)话的完成体

赣语乐安湖溪话中表示动作完成的句中助词有"哩"和"了"两个。用"哩"一般只表示完成,表示谓词和其他谓语形式的词义所指处于事实的状态之下。用"了"除了表示动作完成的现实外,还表示说话者对所说内容的强调。     

沂水方言的语音特点

山东沂水方言属于汉语官话方言大区胶辽官话中的东潍小片,它既具有胶辽官话的普遍特点,又有自己的鲜明特色。本文对沂水方言的语音特点作了一个概略介绍,包括声韵调、儿化韵以及中古声韵调在今沂水话中的一些演变特点。     

中西古代目录学演进之若干比较

文章探讨了 16世纪以前中西目录学的源流及其演进 ,揭示了中西目录学起源的异同以及各自演进的特点。     

Language and dialect

本文从多个方面论述了语言与方言之间的关系 :两者之间既有区别又有联系。方言虽然是语言的附属变体 ,在使用范围和影响力方面弱于语言 ,但反过来方言又在地域、时间、社会、情景等方面对语言的形成和发展产生了非常重要的影响     

Book Reviews

Books reviewed: John F. Sawyer and J. M. Y. Simpson (eds.), Concise Encyclopedia of Language and Religion Nikolas Coupland, Srikant Sarangi and Christopher N. Candlin (eds.), Sociolinguistics and Social Theory Ron Scollon, Mediated Discourse: The Nexus of Practice Richard Gwyn, Communicating Health and Illness Guus Extra and Durk Gorter, The Other Languages of Europe: Demographic, Sociolinguistic and Educational Perspectives Council of Europe, Common European Framework of Reference for Languages: Learning, Teaching, Assessment Abdul Karim Bangura and Martin C. Muo, United States Congress and Bilingual Education Shelley Angelil–Carter, Stolen Language? Plagiarism in Writing Michael Toolan, Narrative: A Critical Linguistic Introduction Jacob L. Mey, Pragmatics: An Introduction     

东北作家群的东北情结

由于独有的生存和创作经历,东北作家群的作品呈现出地域文学特色,这种地域文学特色除了在题材、主题和审美追求等方面表现出共性之外,还表现在一些特有的东北情结上,这些情结或隐藏或凸显,总让读者在不知不觉中受到东北文化气息的感染,文化意蕴已经作为内化了的创作驱动力在作家创作和作品文本中表现为地域情结,这些情结无疑为读者提供了极具地域风情的审美享受。     

汉、土家语的接触对土家语的影响——龙山靛房土家语音系变化之分析

以湖南龙山靛房乡土家语语音系统的现状为研究对象,分析靛房土家语音系的系列变化,探究其变化的规律及原因。靛房土家语音系的变化表现在声调、声母、韵母以及语言的节律等方面。整个音系与当地汉语相似,这种变化是汉语的深度渗透和强烈影响的结果。