国外保障出版自由立法研究

《公民权益和政治权利国际公约》对出版自由以国际公约的形式对各缔国加以约束,不同社会制度、不同文化传统、不同发展阶段的国家的宪法或其他法律,对出版自由一般都有明文的规定。研究世界各国法律、法规对于出版自由的规定,可以对我国出版自由立法形成有益的借鉴,同时紧跟国际形势,推进我国的出版贸易。     

“岂不怀匡济,天运当何如”──论天然禅师的安攘匡济情怀与通脱的应世方式

清初岭南佛门领袖天然禅师,年轻时抱有强烈的报国安民的情怀。虽然在明亡之前即已剃度,但安攘济世之心并未泯灭。甲申、乙酉之后,身为僧人的他,并未真正弃绝世事。他的一些行为仍与变乱的时局密切相关。其后,他在诗歌中不断地抒写着故国丘墟之感。其沧海桑田之作俨然前明遗民。尽管如此,他并没有拒绝与新朝官员的交接。甚至其诗歌中还有一些肯定新朝官员的作品。可以看出天然禅师在应世方式上是相当通脱的。     

论金融危机下我国中小企业融资困难的成因及对策

金融危机下,中小企业融资难除了国际因素外,既有企业自身的原因,也有金融部门和地方政府等外在原因。解决中小企业融资难问题必须通过企业自身的努力和国家、金融部门、地方政府以及社会各方面的支持和帮助,才能得以实现。     

秦汉礼制中渗透的神学观念——以河北地区为例

秦汉时期,是宗教与封建专制融合的时代,以方术、巫术为基础的宗天神学和谶纬神学得到统治者推崇,对秦汉政治、文化产生了深刻的影响,甚至秦汉时期许多封建礼制和典章制度,都源于方术及其相关的宗教信仰。而河北地区的燕赵故地,正是神学宗教盛行的地区。以大量史实为基础,研究秦汉礼制中蕴含的神学宗教,可剖析封建礼制与宗教的关系和相互作用。     

It Takes Two to Fight in School,Too: A Social Relations Model of the Psychometric Properties and Relative Variance of Dyadic Aggression and Victimization in Middle School

Aggressive behavior has been well studied in terms of interindividual differences among aggressors and victims, but has been understudied, especially within naturalistic contexts, in terms of aggressor–victim relationships. The social relations model (SRM) is a powerful conceptual and analytic tool for studying dyadic phenomena, and we describe the use of multivariate SRM to study aggression. Boys and girls (N = 210) in middle schools (sixth and seventh grades) completed a newly created dyadic aggression and victimization inventory (DAVI). Results support the reliability and validity of the DAVI in assessing inter‐individual and inter‐dyadic differences in aggression and victimization. Occurrences of aggression were accounted for primarily by inter‐dyadic variability, indicating the importance of considering aggressor–victim relationships. We discuss the implications of this relationship focus for future research and intervention efforts.     

“期刊承认”VS“共同体承认”:我国学术知识生产动力机制的“悖论”

共同体的承认是知识生产的根本动力,在西方期刊承认乃共同体承认的有机组成部分,学术人努力生产、发表创新性的知识以赢得共同体的承认.然而在我国,量化考评下的期刊承认并未得到大部分学术人的真正认同,已非共同体承认的一部分,学术人生产知识主要是为了取得形式化的期刊承认以满足各种实用性的目的,而非生产出创新性的知识以赢得实质性的共同体承认,期刊承认与共同体承认之间的冲突导致了我国学术知识生产动力机制的失灵.为了化解两者之间矛盾,我们一方面应使同行评议机制在各种学术评价活动中占据主导地位,另一方面要进一步完善学术期刊的匿名评审制度,以弥合期刊承认与共同体承认之间的断裂,从而真正激励学术知识的生产.     

不动产善意取得制度与公示公信制度的协调与适用

随着善意取得制度的发展,不动产善意取得制度在大陆法系国家陆续被确立,我国也在新的物权法中规定出不动产善意取得制度.但是我国存在着严格的公示公信制度,这个制度可以最大限度的解决不动产的纠纷,在这种情况下,不动产善意取得制度的存在必要性就受到质疑.文章通过对这两个制度的分析比较,指出不动产善意取得制度存在的必要性以及适用情况.     

科学与技术关系的演进历史探究

科学与技术关系是科技史上一个重要问题,本文以科学与技术关系的历史演进为中心进行论述。立足科技史,首先对科学与技术的定义进行了概括,辨析了科学与技术的区别,然后着重阐述了科学与技术本质联系的演进历史阶段：平行发展时期、相互作用时期和融合创新时期。     

Identifying the most successful dose (MSD) in dose-finding studies in cancer

For a dose finding study in cancer, the most successful dose (MSD), among a group of available doses, is that dose at which the overall success rate is the highest. This rate is the product of the rate of seeing non-toxicities together with the rate of tumor response. A successful dose finding trial in this context is one where we manage to identify the MSD in an efficient manner. In practice we may also need to consider algorithms for identifying the MSD which can incorporate certain restrictions, the most common restriction maintaining the estimated toxicity rate alone below some maximum rate. In this case the MSD may correspond to a different level than that for the unconstrained MSD and, in providing a final recommendation, it is important to underline that it is subject to the given constraint. We work with the approach described in O'Quigley et al. [Biometrics 2001; 57(4):1018-1029]. The focus of that work was dose finding in HIV where both information on toxicity and efficacy were almost immediately available. Recent cancer studies are beginning to fall under this same heading where, as before, toxicity can be quickly evaluated and, in addition, we can rely on biological markers or other measures of tumor response. Mindful of the particular context of cancer, our purpose here is to consider the methodology developed by O'Quigley et al. and its practical implementation. We also carry out a study on the doubly under-parameterized model, developed by O'Quigley et al. but not     

A BAYESIAN INTERPRETATION OF MULTIPLE POINT ESTIMATES

Consider a large number of econometric investigations using different estimation techniques and/or different subsets of all available data to estimate a fixed set of parameters. The resulting empirical distribution of point estimates can be shown - under suitable conditions - to coincide with a Bayesian posterior measure on the parameter space induced by a minimum information procedure. This Bayesian interpretation makes it easier to combine the results of various empirical exercises for statistical decision making. The collection of estimators may be generated by one investigator to ensure the satisfaction of our conditions, or they may be collected from published works, where behavioral assumptions need to be made regarding the dependence structure of econometric studies.