Spiritual Competence: What It Is,Why It Is Necessary,and How to Develop It

Various professional standards underscore the importance of providing effective services to all people, including those from diverse religious backgrounds. Yet despite these standards, studies have repeatedly found that most social workers receive little training in navigating this aspect of diversity during their graduate educations. To address this lack of training, the present article discusses a concept that is foundational for effective service provision with spiritual clients from diverse religious backgrounds—spiritual competence. More specifically, this article outlines what spiritual competence is and why it is important in therapeutic work, and then offers a number of strategies for developing spiritual competence. As such, this article helps equip practitioners to provide more ethical, effective services in a nation characterized by increasing religious diversity.     

Advocacy Communication and Social Identity: An Exploration of Social Media Outreach

Increasingly, advocacy organizations employ social networking sites as inexpensive and often effective ways to disseminate outreach messages. For groups working to reach lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) youth, social media provide key platforms for connecting with target audiences. Although these young people increasingly utilize social media, little is known about how digital advocacy campaigns influence their sexual identity formation. This article applies concepts of social identity to examine how LGBTQ youth understand advocacy campaigns, how they perceive LGBTQ as a social category presented in campaigns, and what values they assign to LGBTQ group membership.     

Open collaborative innovation and digital platforms

Abstract

This study uses contract theory to analyse the relationship between open collaborative innovation strategies and digital platforms. We argue that a collaborative mechanism and governance of the platform affect how operations are run and impact firm ambidexterity. We also explain how the twofold revealing strategy, both selective and free occurs via the platform and how governance positively impacts the coordination mechanism. A case study analysis on TIM OPEN draws a ground-breaking framework for future investigations. The analysis suggests that the combination of digital platform and collaborative innovation can facilitate the creative process and be a driver of operational synergies. Results confirm that the adoption of digital platforms for collaborative innovations reduces transaction costs.     

我国少数民族互联网使用差异分析——基于第三期中国妇女社会地位调查数据

本文通过第三期中国妇女社会地位调查数据,分析我国少数民族在互联网接入和使用层面的差异。研究发现,少数民族在互联网的使用率上低于全国平均水平,每天上网时长与汉族相比更为有限;除了利用网络炒股/投资和网络购物等经济行为的参与率较低,呈现出明显的“数字鸿沟”。进一步分析发现,城乡和区域差异是造成这一现象的首要因素。此外,性别、年龄、受教育程度和职业类型对少数民族的互联网接入状况和使用偏好都有一定影响。因此,加快中西部经济建设、互联网基础设施建设,大力开展互联网的普及工作是弥合“数字鸿沟”的有效途径。     

西方油画材料技法的演变

西方油画的发展史从某种意义上来说也是材料技法的演变史。由于结合剂的改变,绘画经历了从蜡画、镶嵌画、干壁画、湿壁画、坦培拉绘画到油画的历史变迁。绘画材料的发展丰富了技法表现,而艺术观念则直接导致了技法的演变。     

我国农业对外直接投资的区位选择研究

区位选择的正确与否直接关系到我国农业对外直接投资的有效性。本文在分析我国农业对外直接投资竞争优势的基础上,深入剖析了我国农业对外直接投资区位选择的动机,并据此从地区和产业两个层面提出我国农业对外直接投资区位选择的具体路径。在地区层面上,应该以东南亚、南亚、俄罗斯等周边国家为投资重点,大力拓展非洲、拉丁美洲等地区,有针对性地投资发达国家;在产业层面上,应在利用境外自然资源、技术资源＂两端＂取得突破。     

国内关于苏联解体诸问题研究述评

1991年12月苏联解体是世界当代史的一件大事。我国学术界对于这一问题给予了高度重视,从多方面、多角度、多层次对此问题进行了探讨和研究,研究成果层出不穷,成绩斐然。学者们主要围绕苏联解体的根本原因、重要因素、直接原因展开研究,研究范围从以前偏重经济和政治领域逐渐扩大到民族主义、社会、文化、科技、外交等领域,并出现从全球化理论以及从三个代表思想反思苏联解体的新视角。对这些研究做一系统的梳理,无疑有利于对苏联解体问题研究的进一步深化。     

突破激励困境:数字情境下企业实现精准激励的机制——基于海尔链群合约的探索性案例研究

随着数字技术在激励领域运用的不断深化,企业突破激励困境、提高激励效果的需求愈加强烈,精准激励概念应运而生。基于海尔链群合约实践,探索了企业实现精准激励的过程,以及数字技术对精准激励形成的作用机制。研究发现:(1)实现精准激励需要具备激励目标一致化、激励机制立体化、激励过程可视化与激励结果精准化四个关键因素,并注重以激励结果推进未来激励目标设定,形成激励循环;(2)数字技术的作用主要体现在达成共识、规划路径、激发动力、形成良性循环四个方面;(3)数字情境下的精准激励机制能够为突破棘轮效应、团队“搭便车”等经典激励困境提供新思路。因此,企业应强化数字技术在激励实践中的应用,实现精准激励,提升激励效果,助力企业价值创造。     

FDI对中国劳动就业的影响效应实证研究——基于面板VAR模型的动态分析

近年来,随着国内的外商投资企业经营逐步向资本和技术密集型转化,FDI的就业创造效应受到质疑,学者们的研究结论也不尽一致.本文选取了1998-2010年中国引进外商投资的面板数据,运用面板VAR方法就FDI对中国劳动就业的影响效应进行了研究.得出的结论是:FDI在短期内对中国的劳动就业具有负向直接效应,但是能够通过拉动国内投资、促进经济增长,进而间接地推动内资企业就业的增加.该结论为中国政府通过继续扩大引进外资来改善中国劳动就业的政策提供了理论支持.     

高速数字存储示波器产品化设计的关键技术

论述了“100 MHz高速数字存储示波器”的关键技术,着重阐述了系统设计的概念和原理、基于低速器件的高速数据采集技术、基于随机取样技术的等效采样技术的实现。其中,随机等效采样的实现采用高分辨力测时扩展器,使等效采样率达到5 GSPS,时间测量分辨率达到200 ps,实现100 MHz(-3 dB)可重复信号的波形重现,并给出了实际应用中重建的波形图。