关于绵阳市灾后重建规划问题的几点思考

针对绵阳市地震灾后重建规划中遇到的问题,结合地区特点和实际情况,就提高易损城镇的抗震设防等级,重建选址时考虑区域和城镇的发展,以及在重建中如何保护城镇生态环境和文化传承等方面提出了切实可行的解决办法。     

戏剧文学的救灾解难功能——《俄狄浦斯王》与《窦娥冤》对读

文章探讨传统社会关于灾害和禳灾的神话观念,以希腊和中国的经典戏剧作品《俄狄浦斯王》和《窦娥冤》为例,展开文学人类学的跨文化透视,揭示从禳解性的仪式行为到替罪羊式的悲剧文学发生的文化自卫法则,重新建构有关文学功能的理论认识。     

浅谈院系教学档案管理

院系教学档案管理是高校教学档案管理的基础,它是院系教学质量、教学管理水平和教学过程的重要凭证和教学研究的客观依据,加强院系教学档案管理,对高校档案管理、院系教育教学发展、改革以及高校教学评估将起到重要作用。     

气候伦理研究须先确立的基本理念——根治灾疫之难的全球伦理行动方案

在当代进程中,气候失律标志人类存在安全和健康生存的宇观环境不复存在。为谋求自救,气候伦理研究必须为恢复气候的时空韵律而重建全新的伦理认知理念体系：气候失律导致灾疫失律,灾疫失律进一步推动气候失律,其根本的推动力是人类无限度的地球活动。要全面节制人类的地球活动,必须重建人与环境的亲缘性存在关系,以此为整体要求,遵循生态逻辑法则,学会限度生存,重建生境利益机制,实施国际协作减排。这既是恢复失律的气候、根治灾疫、重建世界和人类生境的根本认知前提,亦是其恢复失律的气候、根治灾疫、重建世界和人类生境的基本进路。     

Danger and Dementia: Caregiver Experiences and Shifting Social Roles During a Highly Active Hurricane Season

This study examined disaster preparedness and decision-making by caregivers of community-dwelling persons diagnosed with Alzheimer’s or a related dementia (ADRD). Interviews were conducted with 20 caregivers in South Florida. Twelve of these interviews include caregiving experiences during the highly active 2004–2005 hurricane seasons. Results indicate that persons in earlier stages of ADRD can, and often do, remain engaged in the disaster preparation and planning process. However, during the early stages, persons may also resist evacuation, even if the caregiver felt it was necessary. During later stages of the disease, caregivers reported less resistance to disaster-related decisions, however, with the tradeoff of less ability to assist with preparation.     

城市公共安全与综合减灾规划面临的九大问题

尽管2003年春夏的"非典"已给北京、广州等大城市上了一次生动的城市危机课,但大中城市频发的事故与灾害仍难以应对。要有效推进中国城市综合减灾事业,必须关注九大问题的研究,在确立城市公共安全的特殊地位、非传统灾害预防、综合减灾建设、危机管理机制建设等方面多下功夫。只有这样才能使城市管理走出应对突发事件的种种误区,建构起中国城市减灾管理的行政体系。     

Coping and Post-traumatic Stress after Hurricanes Katrina and Rita: Racial Disparities in Social Work Student-Practitioners

ABSTRACT

Recent hurricanes have focused on lives and properties lost, however, additional mental health concerns may emerge in these post-disaster settings. Post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) are particularly problematic for minorities due to pre-disaster disparities. Scholars must thus examine the antecedents of PTSS to support these and other vulnerable individuals and communities. This study examined racial disparities regarding active and avoidant coping, prayer, and subsequent relative contribution of each to PTSS following Hurricanes Katrina and Rita among social work student-practitioners. Using secondary data, results revealed that minority students (n = 233) used coping via prayer more often than their non-minority peers (n = 124; t = 7.18, p < .000; d = 0.76). Moderate, positive relationships emerged between avoidant coping and PTSS for both groups (r = .58–.63, p<.01), though prayer did not emerge as inversely related to PTSS as anticipated. Avoidant coping accounted for the largest variation in PTSS for both groups (β = .35–.51, p<.001). Sampling, survey methods, and PTSS measures limit generalizability and temper findings. Directions for future research include use of PTSS measures that account for severity and cultural context and examination of coping measure psychometrics. Practice implications include enhanced publicity regarding social services available to student-practitioners on college campuses and within the community.     

自救与互救--严重地震灾害后扒救灾民方式

严重地震灾害后扒救埋压在地震废墟中的灾民主要有自救与互救两种方式,自救是互救的基础,互救是自救的发展与延续.无论是自身自救、家庭自救,还是邻里互救、村村互救,"黄金24小时"的救活率最高.建筑物抗震设防标准等影响自救与互救的进程和效果.     

When risks turn to uncertainties: insights from the food markets in China and in Japan

The paper explores the relationship between risks and market organisation by means of two case studies. After defining the two concepts, it analyses how risks influence the functioning of markets, by means of the theory elaborated by Knight (1921). The Knightian focus on the role of judgments in risks analysis implies that the concept of rationality has to be enlarged beyond the rational choice theory. Similarly, markets cannot be defined anymore as simply an equilibrium between supply and demand: they are a special type of institution. Therefore, the analysis centres on how people make decisions and apprehend risks in relation to market structures. In the rest of the paper, two of the most prominent food safety crises in recent years are analysed based on this conceptual framework: the milk powder crisis in China (2008) and the sanitary crisis following the Fukushima nuclear accident (2011). It is shown that they represent two types of market risks, one generated by the food market organisation and the other one related to the definition of the product quality.     

马克思对矿难的伦理阐析及其启示

劳动权利、义务异化是异化劳动不道德性的两个重要方面,也是马克思审视资本主义社会矿难问题的两大伦理维度。在马克思看来,矿工劳动权利,尤其是健康、安全权严重缺失是矿难的实质所在;资本家草菅人命是造成矿难的根本成因;资产阶级政府不作为或消极作为是造成矿难的重要原因。马克思劳动权利、义务观启示我们,防治矿难,克服异化劳动是根本要求;健全完善机器设备,积极发展大型煤业集团,加强“安全民主”建设,扫除不道德煤矿资本的权力靠山是重要措施。