Preventing unsuitable people from working with children—the criminal justice and court services bill

The continuing concern to safeguard children from abuse in schools, children's homes and similar settings has led to proposals to make it an offence for those with convictions against children to even apply for work with children. The Criminal Justice and Court Services Bill will introduce ‘disqualification orders’ for such offenders. The background development of this Bill is considered, together with the way the new orders will fit with existing criminal record check arrangements, current bans and the role of the forthcoming Criminal Records Bureau, which will tie all these systems together in a ‘one‐stop shop’. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

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Transition from school for youths with a disability: issues and challenges

Australian research has demonstrated that students with a disability are more likely to remain out of the full‐time workforce. These research findings have been the catalyst for a call for a comprehensive career development and transition planning approach for all students with disabilities in schools as well as for employers to rethink the role of people with disabilities in the workforce. In the Australian context the transition from school for individuals with a disability is complicated by a disparate and fragmented group of service agencies providing a range of services, including employment, supported accommodation, recreation and leisure pursuits, as well as training and placement, along with, at times, a deep‐seated prejudice towards people with disabilities in the market place. This paper reviews a number of issues and challenges confronting individuals with a disability making the transition from school to the post‐school environment.     

我国高校毕业生就业协议法律问题研究

毕业生就业协议是用人单位与应届毕业生之间签订的关于未来建立劳动关系的合同,其作用是多元化的。该协议应当属于普通民事合同,与劳动合同存在很大区别。目前,我国仍旧应当保留毕业生就业协议,但它的缺陷也非常明显,因此需要对其从主体、内容、性质和配套措施等方面进行完善。     

The Indian informal sector: The impact of globalization and reform

Globalization and economic reforms typically affect the formal sector, the informal sector existing outside regulation. Yet, numerous links between them mean the informal sector is variously affected. Traditionally, the model used to explain the impact of these forces was labour market segmentation and migration: workers laid off in the formal sector increase informal labour supply, leading to wage decline and increased poverty. The author examines whether this pattern applies in India following economic reforms in the 1990s, and finds a more appropriate model, driven by expansion both in labour supply and in demand, through outsourcing, skill transfers and new enterprises.     

大学生就业中的社会支持网络研究

大学生就业的过程，离不开家庭、亲友和社会各方的支持帮助。这里运用抽样调查和样本分析的方法，就安徽工程大学2011届本科毕业生的就业状况及其社会支持网络情况进行分析，进而了解大学生就业所需要的社会支持类型和渠道，以及它们在大学生就业中所发挥的作用，进一步完善社会支持网络理论，并在此基础上，提出改善大学生就业社会支持网络的建议和对策。     

关于大学生就业能力研究的述评

大学生就业能力是就业能力在大学生群体中的具体应用,是我国当前就业结构性矛盾的核心与焦点,其重要性已不止于就业领域。国内外相关研究表明,大学生就业能力不包含具体的专业知识和技能。如何提升大学生就业能力和如何帮助大学生成功就业是大学生就业能力概念界定的着眼点和归宿点。大学生就业能力是确保大学生成功实现就业的能力群,是职场上所共同需要的、广泛适用的、可转移的核心能力组件,具有综合性、通用性和关键性的特征。     

Transgender employment and entrepreneurialism in Vietnam

This article shares insights from research into the economic opportunities and obstacles that Vietnamese transgender men and women face in a fast-growing economy mainly composed of small and medium-sized enterprises. The findings demonstrate that gender norms lead to economic inequality between trans men and women. They also show that small businesses and entrepreneurship play an important role in creating legitimate and satisfying employment for transgender people.     

关于毕业生就业的思考

随着新的就业机制的建立和运转,国家对大中专毕业生不再“统包统配”,大部分毕业生通过市场进行自主择业、双向选择。与此同时,毕业生就业过程中出现了一些新情况、新矛盾。一是人才需求与人才培养的矛盾;二是传统就业观念与当前就业环境的矛盾;三是平等竞争与“关系就业”的矛盾。要缓解和解决这些矛盾。应做好以下几个方面的工作：首先,国家应宏观调控,搞好科学预测,以“产”定“销”。其次,学校应在转变学生的就业观念,拓宽就业渠道方面多做工作,为学生的顺利就业创造条件。再次,国家应严格规范就业市场,杜绝就业市场中的不正之风,以促进人才就业的平等竞争和良性运作。这些问题不仅关系到毕业生本人的切身利益,而且是关系到国民经济的发展和社会稳定的大问题。     

Socio-economic re-structuring and employment: the case of minority ethnic groups

The consequences of major changes in employment, due to the decline of manufacturing and the growth of the service sector, have not been well-documented, nor theorized, in the sociology of ethnic relations, even in recent studies. For example, Blumer's classic argument that economic development adapts to 'race relations', rather than the reverse as predicted by the modernization school, has not been either empirically resolved or conceptually applied to the UK. By adapting data from the Labour Force Survey and the Census, the paper begins to fill this gap with a detailed account of three main minority ethnic groups, and a separate analysis of male and female employment. It is demonstrated that, contrary to assumptions that members of the minority ethnic groups suffered most from de-industrialization, they actually did rather well, and in some cases did better than the majority population. These findings are re-conceptualized as collective social mobility, as part of a review of a number of conceptual frameworks in the light of the data.