现行GDP核算体系的缺陷及其修正--方法学与案例研究

从可持续发展的角度探讨了当前GDP核算体系存在的问题,在此基础上开发了4种可行的修正方法,并在城市一级开展案例研究.论文介绍了新的核算方法及其在案例城市的测试,分析了经济、环境和社会等子账户的核算结果.     

郑州市城市应急供水与应急生活供水定额研究

当黄河断流或严重污染造成无法正常供水时,郑州市应启动应急供水机制.参考城市生活用水定额及其他城市生活用水现状,制定城市应急生活用水定额,有助于科学地制订相应的应急供水方案.     

Socioeconomic resources,gender traditionalism,and wife abuse in urban Russian couples

Until recently, Soviet data restrictions led to limited knowledge about wife abuse in Russia. This study adds to emerging research on Russian domestic violence by testing hypotheses derived from resource theory on the effects on wife abuse of husband's absolute resources versus spouses’ relative resources. Analysis of data from the 1996 National Survey of Russian Marriages (N= 664) shows support only for the influence of husband's absolute socioeconomic resources (education, employment status, and occupational rank). As in U.S. studies, intergenerational patterns of wife abuse and husband's alcohol use have notable effects on wife abuse. The findings suggest that although resource theory may partly explain wife abuse in urban Russia, spouses’ relative resources and husband's gender traditionalism currently have little influence.     

降息政策与储蓄增长

自 1996年来 ,为了刺激消费 ,扩大内需 ,促进经济的复苏与繁荣 ,中国人民银行连续八次降低金融机构人民币存贷款利率 ,但我国储蓄依然居高不下 ,降息的政策效果并不明显。该文认为 ,全球经济萧条是外因 ,而经济主体 ,如居民、企业、银行、政府的行为才是导致降息低效的根本原因 ,因此 ,解决这一现实问题需要全社会共同努力 ,将降息与其它政策配套使用才能行之有效。     

微量元素氨基酸螯合物与畜禽生产

文章概述了微量元素氨基酸螯合物的定义,特点,及其在畜禽生产中的应用。     

Domestic violence and child protection: exploring the role of perpetrator risk assessments

This article explores the issue of severity in relation to domestic violence and provides a number of reasons for the necessary engagement by workers with such a contentious issue. The specific role that the assessment of the risks posed by the perpetrator which has now developed in some police forces in the United Kingdom is examined, and its relevance to child welfare intervention discussed. A range of factors are identified that heighten the risks of increased violence. These include prior sexual assault; stalking and controlling behaviour; substance misuse and mental‐health problems; separation and child contact disputes; pregnancy; escalation including the use of weapons and psychological abuse; attempts and threats to kill; child abuse; isolation and barriers to help‐seeking. The ways in which perpetrator risk assessment can be used to inform the filtering of referrals to the statutory child care agency, enhance multi‐agency working, provide a structure for the assessment of the perpetrator, enhance partnership‐working with survivors (usually women) and inform the protection strategies for workers are explored.     

Employment and the Risk of Domestic Abuse Among Low‐Income Women

This paper uses data from 2 randomized evaluations of welfare‐to‐work programs—the Minnesota Family Investment Program and the National Evaluation of Welfare‐to‐Work Strategies—to estimate the effect of employment on domestic abuse among low‐income single mothers. Unique to our analysis is the application of a 2‐stage least squares method, in which random assignment enables us to control for omitted characteristics that might otherwise confound the association between employment and domestic abuse. We find that increased maternal employment decreases subsequent reports of domestic abuse in both studies. In the Minnesota Family Investment Program—a program with an enhanced income disregard that allowed welfare mothers to keep a portion of their welfare income as earnings rose—an increase in household incomes appears to have contributed to reductions in reports of domestic abuse.     

论我国对外贸易环境

我国对外贸易环境主要表现为：（１）制度背景，它具有转轨经济、发展中经济和特有的思想文化背景三项典型特征；（２）国际环境，其中世界经济基本格局、世贸组织和发达国家对华政策的影响最为重要；（３）内部条件，包括国内的经济增长、技术进步、发展周期以及本币汇率变动等。它们都对我国外贸活动产生了明显的推动或制约作用。     

Partner Violence and Mental Health Outcomes in a New Zealand Birth Cohort

This study examines the prevalence and extent of domestic violence and the consequences of domestic violence for mental health outcomes in a birth cohort of New Zealand young adults studied at age 25 years. A total of 828 young people (437 women and 391 men) were interviewed about the domestic violence victimization and violence perpetration in their current or most recent partner relationship. Key findings of the study were (a) domestic conflict was present in 70% of relationships, with this conflict ranging from minor psychological abuse to severe assault; (b) men and women reported similar experiences of victimization and perpetration of domestic violence; and (c) exposure to domestic violence was significantly related to increased risks of major depression (p < .05) and suicidal ideation (p < .005) even after extensive control for covariates.     

Resources,Family Organization,and Domestic Violence Against Married Women in Minya,Egypt

I evaluate the influence of household wealth, women's socioeconomic dependence, status inconsistency, and family organization on physical abuse in the prior year and attitudes about wife abuse and divorce among 2,522 married women in Minya, Egypt. Household wealth is negatively associated with physical abuse. Women who are dependent on marriage because they have sons and less schooling than their husbands are more likely to have experienced physical abuse and to report marginally more tolerance for such abuse. Women who are isolated from natal or biological kin and living with marital relatives are more likely to have experienced physical abuse. Findings underscore the role of women's dependence and social isolation in enabling physical abuse among women of all economic classes.