The Politics of Sexual Citizenship: Negotiating Acts of Citizenship Among Non-Heterosexuals in Hong Kong

ABSTRACT

The notion of sexual citizenship has been developed over the past two decades, and its discussion has been expanded to other regions. This article investigates the claiming of rights by non-heterosexuals in Hong Kong to achieve two objectives: to articulate the importance of the rights claiming process, particularly regarding how non-heterosexuals are being transformed to become claimants through rights claims, and to extend the notion of sexual citizenship in East Asia, particularly in the Hong Kong context. The findings show four distinctive characteristics of sexual citizenship in Hong Kong. Non-heterosexuals are found to have faced different struggles and barriers before or during the process of claiming rights, including restricted welfare rights access in various social institutions. Furthermore, the development of sexual citizenship in the Hong Kong local context is found to be limited.     

Ranked set sampling with unequal samples for skew distributions

A ranked set sampling procedure with unequal samples for positively skew distributions (RSSUS) is proposed and used to estimate the population mean. The estimators based on RSSUS are compared with the estimators based on ranked set sampling (RSS) and median ranked set sampling (MRSS) procedures. It is observed that the relative precisions of the estimators based on RSSUS are higher than those of the estimators based on RSS and MRSS procedures.     

法律关系理论之正本清源

在现行法理学的理论中,法律关系是一种权利—义务关系,并受到国家强制力的保障。然而,这一理论却存在着明显的缺陷。法律关系并不是单一的权利—义务关系,甚至权利—义务关系在法律关系中并不占主要地位,更为重要的法律关系是权利—权利关系。由合法行为建立的法律关系是一种权利—权利关系,它会受到法律的肯定和相应的保障,并得到国家强制力的保障;而由违约或违法的行为产生的法律关系,是一种权利—义务关系,它会招致法律的否定,可能会(不排除私法领域的合法"私了")由国家强制力介入将其解除。     

Witnesses＇ Appearance in Court and Guarantees for the Defendant＇s Right to Confrontation

刑事证人出庭作证的主要意义在于保障被告人的对质权。因此,刑事证人出庭问题基本上可替换为以被告人对质权为核心的必要证人出庭问题。由于中国的刑事诉讼法及其司法解释并未赋予被告人对质权,实践中必要证人出庭率仅为25％左右。这种无对质权语境下的刑事审判,通常表现为积极的实体真实主义、定罪量刑的非精细化操作和裁判正当性来源的单一化。为改变这一局面,有必要确立对质权制度及相应的保障机制。     

作为制度权力表达的自由及其建设

自由是制度的权力表达,这是在人类社会发展的历史中不断讨论和证明的问题,并且也是国家政治制度得以建立和保障所必须涉及的首要的问题.基于哲学和政治学中对自由的理解,可以看出自由是制度建设的终极目标,而制度又是自由的根本保障,因此探讨制度自由的本质及现实制度中如何体现自由是有重要意义的.     

关于集会、游行、示威自由权利属性的宪法学思考——基于对传统主流观点的反思

传统宪法学主流观点认为,宪法所保障的集会、游行、示威自由属于政治权利,其本质上具有政治权利的属性。但近年来,有些学者对之进行了反思,认为集会、游行、示威自由不仅具有政治权利属性,还具有其他权利属性,如经济、文化属性。传统主流观点由于受到诸种原因的影响,已经不能很好地适应宪法学理论和实践的发展,应尽快摆脱＂泛政治化＂的思维窠臼,把集会、游行、示威自由归入到表现自由中去,从而更好地保障人权。     

On the comparison of the Fisher information of the log-normal and generalized Rayleigh distributions

Surles and Padgett recently considered two-parameter Burr Type X distribution by introducing a scale parameter and called it the generalized Rayleigh distribution. It is observed that the generalized Rayleigh and log-normal distributions have many common properties and both distributions can be used quite effectively to analyze skewed data set. In this paper, we mainly compare the Fisher information matrices of the two distributions for complete and censored observations. Although, both distributions may provide similar data fit and are quite similar in nature in many aspects, the corresponding Fisher information matrices can be quite different. We compute the total information measures of the two distributions for different parameter ranges and also compare the loss of information due to censoring. Real data analysis has been performed for illustrative purposes.     

大数据时代的意识形态话语权：挑战及应对

大数据作为一场深刻的社会变革产生了巨大影响,相关关系与混杂性的凸显,海量信息与交换方式的多样化等替代了因果关系,弱化了精确性、客观性以及真理的唯一性,改变了人们的认知模式和交往方式,消解了人们对于主流意识形态的认同。不仅如此,大数据的应用促进了互联网的开放性和各种自媒体的发展,为多元思潮、多元文化和多元意识形态的发展与竞争提供了更大的空间,给我国主流意识形态及其安全带来了很大挑战。认真研究大数据产生的影响,强化意识形态观念,利用大数据及各种新兴媒体与互联网,加强我国主流意识形态建设,以马克思主义意识形态和社会主义核心价值观整合和引领多元思潮、多元文化和多元意识形态,增强主流意识形态的感染力与指导作用,为习近平新时代社会主义事业提供坚强思想基础和政治保障,是一项必须完成的重要任务。     

论公民自雇权益的法律保障

自雇作为公民自己雇佣自己以谋求个人生存的一种方式,已经成为底层社会群体一种十分重要的就业形式。自雇是公民经济自由权的应有之义,也是实现公民生存权的有效途径,理应获得法律的切实保障。然而,目前我国公民的自雇权益却屡遭侵犯,形势令人堪忧!本文认为,国家应当将自雇者的权益纳入公民基本权利的保护体系,通过建立促进公民自雇的政策扶持机制、现代城市管理机制以及法律救济机制,为公民自雇权益的实现提供强大的法律保护,进而使每一位自雇者都能过上体面而又有尊严的生活。     

论环保部门在环境民事公益诉讼中的作用——起诉主体的正当性、可行性和合理性分析

环境公益诉讼可分为公众性环境公益诉讼和公共性环境公益诉讼两大基本类型,环保部门可作为原告提起旨在预防和救济对＂环境本身的损害＂的公共性环境民事公益诉讼。从可行性看,环保部门提起环境公益诉讼,有着国际上可资借鉴的成功经验,具有现行的法律依据和司法实践体验。环保部门务必对其提起公益诉讼的活动进行合理限制和科学设计,譬如务必以已经履行了环境监管的法定职责为前提条件,一般应作为第二顺位原告等。