预备立宪时期清政府的政体选择

预备立宪时期,在一部分官僚立宪派的推动下,清政府起初选择了日本式的二元君主制度政体,但后来由于形势的变化不得不向议会君主制政体转轨.就当时中国的情形而言,选择二元君主制政体有其历史的合理性.而议会君主制政体尽管是西方长期以来一种行之有效的制度设计,但对当时的中国而言却很难说是最佳的政体选择.     

Supplemental home care and topping‐up: A shift from service universalism towards a new and privatised public service model?

How does a public service model based on service universalism react to the introduction of market principles of topping up? In a recent so‐called Free Municipality Scheme (an experimental scheme that allowed for greater operational autonomy locally in an effort to reduce state bureaucracy), a number of Danish municipalities were for the first time ever allowed to compete with for‐profit providers of home care in selling supplemental home care services paid entirely by the user. The take‐home message from this experience is that the introduction of supplemental home care entails challenges and eventually wider implications for the public service model, on an economic, organisational and cultural level. Supplemental services represent a new and potentially powerful combination of market and state logics that eventually redirects away from the universalist welfare state and towards a new and increasingly privatised public service model – a model where the service level is determined by the user's capacity to purchase and pay for services. The introduction of such services therefore implies a change of the potential of the Nordic welfare state to ensure equal access regardless of class and income.     

论政治文明的文化选择

文化即人化,它是人类所创造的精神成果和物质成果的总和;文明是文化的结晶,是文化主体对人类文化中野蛮性、愚昧性不断扬弃的结果,是人类有目的、有选择地过滤人类文化、形成合理文化内核的过程。中国当前的政治文明建设,需要走出“精华”和“糟粕”的简单二分的误区,用外来文化中国化、传统文化现代化,来开辟中国文化发展之路。弱化暴力色彩,强化仁政效应,构建中国特色的政治文明。     

Level of choice in older women’s decisions to retire or continue working and associated well-being

Retirement is a complex life transition. Women’s retirement, like their work lives, may be further complicated, for example, by family or financial obligations; they may feel forced to retire or to continue working or feel they have the choice to do so. This study examines the role of voluntary versus involuntary retirement or continued work participation among retirement-age women; specifically, the relationships between choice, work status, and well-being. Compared to women forced to retire, women who chose retirement or continuing to work had higher levels of life satisfaction. Findings highlight the importance of examining retirement within the life course context.     

High value manufacturing (HVM) in the UK: case studies and focus group insights

This paper studies the internal mechanisms that allow organisations to become high value manufacturing (HVM). Using a qualitative methodology, three UK manufacturing companies formed in-depth case studies with semi-structured interviews, observations and historical data. The HVM value matrix of Martinez and co-workers is used to categorise each organisation’s value proposition. Wider benchmarking of the three organisations was carried out against a focus group with an additional seven manufacturing organisations. Thus, data from 10 manufacturing organisations are included in this research. The cases follow the ‘customer intimacy’ HVM discipline. The business processes supporting these value propositions were identified. Interestingly, each organisation’s desired value proposition differs from their current one. ‘Technological integrators’ predominantly rely on new product development (NPD) and Strategy processes, whereas ‘Socialisors’ rely predominantly on Strategy and Customer Relationship processes. Companies can use the findings to better understand their current HVM value proposition and, where necessary, plan their transition to a future desired HVM value proposition.     

大学生择业价值取向及职业生涯规划调查分析

通过对合肥学院机械工程系98位应届毕业生的问卷调查,分析当代大学生择业价值取向和职业生涯规划的现实状况,提出要理性看待大学毕业生追求和加强对大学生进行职业规划教育的两点建议。     

基于“过程-互动-行动”的城市贫困问题分析

随着中国市场化、城市化进程的加快,城市贫困问题越发严重。基于社会学家胡格伟尔特(A.Hoogvelt)的"过程—互动—行动"分析框架,分析了现阶段我国城市贫困问题的新特点及成因,指出贫困问题的加重,一是源于对社会群体福利最大化这一社会目标的偏离,民众,特别是弱势民众没有充分享受到中国宏观经济增长的长处,"宏观上欣欣向荣、微观上民不聊生";二是民主制度的缺失致使弱势群体话语权缺失,没有一个可循的制度安排供城市贫民来表达权益;三是政策实施过程中的政府失灵。对此,文章提出破解城市贫困的制度选择。     

论通识教育的必要性及实施途径

通识教育不单单是一种课程设置模式,它是一种教育思想、一种教育理念、一种教育境界,其目的是培养人的自由、和谐、全面发展。大学提出通识教育目标,就是要纠正高校普遍存在的过窄的专业教育、过弱的文化陶冶、过重的功利导向、过强的共性制约的弊病,是十分必要的。通识教育的实施要结合我国大学的具体情况,实现通识教育与专业教育的结合,通过实行学分制、主辅修制、弹性学制、提高教师素质、改进教学方法等途径来进行。     

过渡时期我国西部城区养老现状及模式的理性选择——以四川省A市为例

人口老龄化给传统的养老方式带来了挑战,在西部城区社会养老制度还不完善及经济水平低下的过渡时期,必须探索适合其现状的养老模式。在养老的过程中凸显老年人的主体地位,发挥家庭的情感慰藉作用,强调社区的资源整合优势,同时增强政府的政策扶持力度,构建一个以老年人为圆心,家庭、政府、社区为外环的同心圆养老模式。     

马克思主义学习型政党建设研究综述

党的十七届四中全会以来,学术界开启了关于建设马克思主义学习型政党的研究热潮。学术界关于建设马克思主义学习型政党的研究,主要集中在对马克思主义学习型政党的科学内涵、时代意义、基本特征、基本经验、实现路径等方面。对这些研究情况进行梳理,有助于为建设马克思主义学习型政党提供借鉴。