论日本证券法上的损失填补罪

证券市场交易制度的发展是社会主义市场经济建设的重要一环,而证券公司以损失填补的方式劝诱顾客进行证券投资行为,严重干扰了投资人对于证券投资风险的判断,因此,证券法上特别明文禁止,并且对违反者以行政罚来加以处罚。但是,对于同样的损失填补行为,日本却是根据证券交易秩序维持的必要,采用刑事制裁手段来应付。基于比较法的立场,从日本的立法过程与司法实践中分析损失填补罪的犯罪构成,澄清损失填补罪的保护法益与刑事制裁的必要性,以提供我国将来规范证券公司不当劝诱顾客的立法参考。     

追求绝对自由:犯罪发生和发展的重要根源

自由有绝对性的一面,但自由的绝对性和绝对自由不是一回事。现实存在的自由都是相对的。追求绝对自由是造成犯罪发生和发展的一个重要根源,因为它将导致否认平等、蔑视秩序、拒绝规范,实际是行为上的随心所欲,意味着对他人自由的威胁和侵害。     

基于博弈模型的“罪刑均衡”思想分析

罪刑均衡思想由来已久,作为刑法理论中最基本的刑罚原则,在对犯人进行科处刑罚方面具有的重要意义早已得到承认,而在预防犯罪方面具有的作用却长期被忽视。犯罪行为实质上是犯人和政府之间的博弈。政府先制订刑法,犯人在观察到刑罚后才选择是否犯罪以及犯何种性质的罪。经济分析表明,改变刑罚的确定性和严厉性就能影响博弈的均衡,从而影响犯罪,刑罚之外的其它措施如果能改变犯罪的成本和收益,也能实现同样的目的,这为预防犯罪提供了一种新的思路。     

论战争罪在国际刑法中的确认和特点

战争罪是与战争紧密联系的国际犯罪,指在战争或者武装冲突中严重违反战争法规或惯例规则、严重侵犯国际人道主义法的行为,被认为是应予以惩治的最严重的国际犯罪之一。第二次世界大战结束之后,通过对发动和组织战争的首要战犯进行国际刑事审判,国际社会扩充对战争罪的认识。随着前南和卢旺达国际刑事法庭的审判实践,在适用战争罪时有所突破。在综合先前的国际性法律文件的相关规定之基础上,《罗马规约》将战争罪列为国际刑事法院所管辖的核心罪行之一,并且以专门条款详细地规定关于战争罪的定义和具体表现形态。     

National Culture on the Cross-National Variation of Homicide: An Empirical Application of the Inglehart–Welzel Cultural Map

Although there has been a growing literature on the effects of culture on the cross-national variation of homicide, this literature remains limited in the operationalization of national culture as well as in the modeling of the cultural effects. Adopting a multidimensional measure of national culture developed in the World Values Survey, this study examines the effects of various aspects of national culture, as well as their interaction, on the cross-national variation of homicide. The findings of this study provide evidence for the effect of national culture on homicide variation across countries while painting a more complex picture about the potential mechanisms of these effects.     

高校开设犯罪心理与自卫防身课程的价值与方案探讨

文章从理论层面和前瞻性角度分析论述了在市场化、智能化、信息化、国际化的社会发展中，论述了高校开设犯罪心理与自卫防身课程的必要性、可行性。同时对开设此类课程的方案进行了探讨。     

诈欺不法原因给付财物与利益之刑法分析

诈欺基于不法原因给付的财物或者财产性利益的场合下是否成立诈骗罪,德国、日本和我国的立法、判例和学说都有所不同。在诈欺的对象是财物的场合下,基于不法原因给付的财物在因诈欺行为交付之前,也是民事法上保护的对象等原因,应当肯定诈骗罪的成立。在诈欺的对象是财产性利益的场合下,不法利益本身并非民事法上应当得到保护的利益,不应得到刑法保护,应否定财产罪的成立。     

论非法侵入住宅罪的对象及亲告问题

对非法侵入住宅罪中"住宅"的含义应作正确理解。"住宅"具有以下特征:一定的日常生活设备,有相对隔离性,必须是供他人起居、饮食的生活场所。出于中国文化观念、刑法谦抑性以及社会现实等因素考虑,宜将非法侵入住宅罪设立为"亲告罪"。     

Drug addiction as a lifestyle

Drug addict rehabilitation programs receive a small proportion of the funds made available through the social welfare system. Emphasis has traditionally been placed on the pathological rather than the salutogenic elements of an addicted lifestyle. A new test of a person's sense of coherence in life (Antonovsky's 9-item Sense of Coherence scale) may be of interest in rehabilitation work with drug addicts, and in focusing more attention on this aspect of addiction treatment. Thirty drug addicts in treatment and rehabilitation and 10 former drug addicts were interviewed using the 9-item Sense of Coherence scale. The results obtained were compared to a well known test of distress, the 24-item Symptom Checklist. Drug addicts in treatment facilities had significantly lower mean scores on the 9-item Sense of Coherence scale (2.3) and higher scores on the 24-item Symptom Checklist (2.3) than both drug addicts in rehabilitatively oriented institutions (3.3 and 1.6) and the long-term rehabilitated non-using former drug addicts (4.2 and 1.5 respectively). The differences between the group in rehabilitation and the former drug addicts were also statistically significant. The levels of the two psychometric tests suggested a gradual movement towards normal values and an increased sense of meaning in life among the former drug addicts, contrary to findings by other researchers. The length of time before these tests return to normal values may exceed the observation period often used in follow-up at treatment facilities. Increased social welfare may follow if a disclosure of salutogenic possibilities in drug addicts is obtained. Further prospective research is, however, necessary to confirm our findings.     

论我国酌定不起诉权行使的条件

从立法机关对检察机关的酌定不起诉权的态度和《刑法》的相关规定分析,"犯罪情节轻微"是我国检察机关行使酌定不起诉权的前提条件,而将"犯罪情节"理解为量刑情节则有助于充分实现酌定不起诉权的积极功能。