南京国民政府时期戒烟医院研究

南京国民政府时期(1927—1937年),中国各地创办了一系列戒烟医院。这些戒烟医院的兴办既是应对烟毒泛滥的产物,也与该时期政府及社会推动戒烟禁毒有着密切关联。它们分布各省,数量众多,既有官办、私立、官私合办,也有官方委托民间办理等形式。它们办理水平各异,但主要从事如下活动：强制收戒和免费戒治、开展禁烟戒烟宣传、化验和研制戒烟药物、探寻和采用适当的戒治方法等。此时期的戒烟医院对于推动戒烟禁毒以及清除毒品的危害起到了一定作用,但受特定社会历史环境限制,也存在着诸多不足。     

Replenishing the pipeline: A quantitative approach to optimising the sourcing of new projects

Large pharmaceutical companies maintain a portfolio of assets, some of which are projects under development while others are on the market and generating revenue. The budget allocated to R&D may not always be sufficient to fund all the available projects for development. Much attention has been paid to the selection of optimal subsets of available projects to fit within the available budget. In this paper, we argue the need for a forward-looking approach to portfolio decision-making. We develop a quantitative model that allows the portfolio management to evaluate the need for future inflow of new projects to achieve revenue at desired levels, often aspiring to a certain annual revenue growth. Optimisation methods are developed for the presented model, allowing an optimal choice of number, timing and type of projects to be added to the portfolio. The proposed methodology allows for a proactive approach to portfolio management, prioritisation, and optimisation. It provides a quantitatively based support for strategic decisions regarding the efforts needed to secure the future development pipeline and revenue stream of the company.     

基于网络层次分析法的非专利药项目风险测评研究

每年世界上有大量的专利药失去专利保护，为我国制药厂商进入国际非专利药市场带来了前所未有的机遇，但同时非专利药项目开发存在着巨大的风险。因此有必要对项目风险进行评测。非专利药项目开发风险评测模型是基于网络层次分析法的基本原理，结合非专利药新品开发的特点，通过构建非专利药项目的两级风险评价指标，并在对各指标间的相互关系进行了深入调研的基础上，绘制出了非专利药项目开发风险测评网络层次图。然后利用Super Decision（SD）软件对非专利药项目开发风险进行量化测评，评测结果对于厂商规避风险，选择合适的非专利     

The development of a pilot ‘thinking about relationships prompt sheet’ within an alcohol and other drugs rehabilitation programme

This paper documents the development of a programme component within an alcohol and other drugs residential service. Designed to improve relational competence, this pilot component was designed to have multiple levels of function: from the specific, for example, stimulating residents to formulate and monitor relationally oriented goals, to the more pacific, for example, embedding relationally focused learning as an ongoing rehabilitative concern. Development of the component began with a literature review. After finalising a set of relationship types (friends, siblings, etc.), this review identified three domains: ‘values’, ‘knowledge’ and ‘skills’. To create an initial draft, these categories were populated by items selected from a multi-stage inspection of the relevant literature. This draft was then reviewed by multiple stakeholder groups. Feedback from these consultations resulted in substantial modifications to the initial draft. In addition to the component having a broad-spectrum interventive purpose, the authors propose that this component could play a role in (i) pre-admission assessment and (ii) programme evaluation insofar as data concerning individual residents are aggregated and analysed.     

突发公共卫生事件中实施药品专利强制许可的思考

人感染高致病性禽流感疫情在世界多个国家的传播,不仅对社会大众健康产生了威胁,而且更加凸显药品专利保护与公众健康需要之间的矛盾,药品专利强制许可无疑是解决这个矛盾的一条途径。文章对药品专利强制许可的背景、理论进行了分析,指出了目前实施这一许可的障碍,并提出了相应的对策。     

中药注册与专利保护的协同性分析

在新冠肺炎疫情与人类长期共存的国际共识下,以连花清瘟胶囊(颗粒)为代表的抗疫中药成为践行“传承精华,守正创新”新理念的生动实践。基于现阶段最新的政策情势,目前国内关于中药注册与专利保护协同的专题制度已有所涉及,但是仍存在创新标准不适、专利价值低质量及体系衔接错位脱节等现实困境。因此,通过中药连花清瘟系列药品的新药注册与专利保护协同进路的实证分析,提出了专利创造性专属审查、高价值专利培育及注册与专利保护体系链接之中药注册与专利保护协同的构建对策,希冀为新契机下中药产业的高质量协同发展提供实践参考。