医学英语翻译中词义的处理

对词义上下文的转换、词义的引申以及对抽象名词和普通名词进行增译等方面的研究 ,有助于探讨医学英语翻译中常见的词义处理问题 ,更有助于医学英语翻译的实际应用。     

论日本文化二元特征及其成因

日本文化的二元特征,在文化模式上,外在开放性与内在封闭性共存;在文化规范上,内聚性和排他性兼有;在文化心态上,自卑感与优越感并存.由于日本的地理生态环境和"边缘地带"文化交流模式,日本人的生存方式与特殊的"文化内旋"形式,形成了日本文化二元性的特征.     

Personal Social Networks of Women with Co-Occurring Substance Use and Mental Disorders

ABSTRACT

There has been relatively little examination of the social network resources of women with substance use disorder, and even fewer explorations of women with co-occurring mental disorders, such as anxiety, depression, and posttraumatic stress disorder. This study explores the nature of co-occurring mental disorders, social network characteristics and perceived social support in 136 women with substance use disorders. Respondents reported small personal networks that contained both supportive and non-supportive people. Relatives did provide social support, but those who used alcohol/drugs were viewed as tending to interact negatively. Women with dual disorders perceived less concrete, emotional, and sobriety support from some network relationships than the women with substance use disorders only. Implications for research and practice are presented.     

我国生育政策城乡一体化方案与配套支持

我国生育政策城乡一体化是人口转变与社会发展之必然。一方面,城乡二元的生育政策很难体现城乡公平,用生育政策的优惠来弥补社会保障功能的匮乏这一做法已越来越不符合社会发展趋势;另一方面,二元生育政策本身的复杂性增加了政策执行过程中的成本与困难。生育政策城乡一体化应以城市与农村均实行一孩半政策作为既简化又稳妥的改革方案。生育政策城乡一体化还应配备配套措施,完善生育政策的评估指标,将少生与不生纳入评估范畴,促进城乡医疗、养老、教育等公共服务机会均等化、户籍管理动态化,还要正确理解人口老龄化,为生育政策城乡一体化提供良好的执行环境。     

Making It as a Dual-Career Family in Germany: Exploring What Couples Think and Do in Everyday Life

This qualitative-explorative article is about meanings and coordination of work, home, and their interrelationship in dual-career families. The study was conducted in a German company by interviewing couples working at the production level, in research and development, middle management, and administration. Data were gathered in narrative interviews and 1-week journals filled out by each interview partner. The results confirm four observations: persistence to traditional gender roles, the indispensable role of grandmothers in enabling mothers to pursue gainful employment, the prevalence of part-time work for mothers, and the “spillover” thesis, indicating that it is predominantly work that spills over into family rather than family that intrudes into work. In the discussion the German social system is included as an explanatory approach to these findings.     

Getting by with a Little Help from Workplace Friends: Workplace Culture,Social Support,and Family Cohesion

Studies have shown a negative association between certain aspects of workplace culture and family functioning. Using a neo-institutional framework, we examine whether workplace social support moderates the influence of three features of workplace culture—time demands, work pressure, and work strain—on family cohesion. Analyzing survey data from 312 individuals in dual-earner relationships, we control for number of children, education, income, employment status, and occupational status. We find that workplace social support is directly associated with family cohesion but does not serve as a buffer between dimensions of workplace culture and family cohesion.     

Location,Vocation, Location? Spatial Entrapment among Women in Dual Career Households

This paper explores spatial entrapment among women. The analysis contributes to the debate concerning the spatial entrapment thesis, advancing research through application of a mixed method empirical approach, and focus on dual career households in the UK. Data from the UK Labour Force Survey Household Data‐Set is combined with a recent case study of Greater Nottingham, England. The empirical findings are indicative of relative equality between career men and women in hours worked for an employer, particularly in professional occupations. But, while a level of equality is present in many workplaces, gender inequity within the home persists. Women, on average, work closer to their place of residence. School age dependent children present a particular constraint. Women are spatially entrapped by household responsibilities, with potentially severe career implications. Redressing this inequity within the household, however, represents a major challenge for future policy.     

A Retrospective,Empirical Study of Grief-Related Beliefs in a Veterans Affairs Medical Center

This article reports on the findings of a retrospective, empirical study that explores and describes grief-related beliefs of a convenience sample of 312 persons in a Veterans hospital. These beliefs may facilitate bereaved individuals’ emotional regulation and adaptive responses to loss conceptualized in the dual process model. The study addresses the question: Do gender, employment status, and loss burden contribute to differences in grief-related beliefs? The findings reveal significant gender differences, and also that grief-related beliefs are reality rather than myth-oriented. Study limitations and implications for social work practice in bereavement care and hospice settings are discussed.     

城乡二元结构的运行分析与新型城乡关系的构建探索?

通过对城乡二元结构的形成历史与运行路径梳理分析,指出了当下农村发展桎梏与农民生存生活困境,提出了政策制定与农村建设应该尊重农村的存在与运行规律,正确引导和推动农村发展,以及尊重并明确农民身份,构建农民合法权益保障机制等相关建议。     

偏心率对双层搅拌桨偏心搅拌槽内流场的影响

偏心搅拌大都集中在对单层桨叶搅拌槽的研究,对双层的研究很少且集中在数值模拟研究,文章利用粒子图像 测速技术对轴偏心搅拌釜内流场进行实验研究。分析了不同偏心率对搅拌槽内宏观流场的影响,探讨了桨间轴向位置 处无因次化径向和轴向速度的分布。结果表明：搅拌槽内的速度最大值并不是随着偏心距的增大而增大;当偏心率e分 别为0.1和0.2时,可以提高径向速度的分布区间;当偏心率e>0.2时,内部存在一些漩涡导致速度波动比较大,这种流 体趋势并不有利于筒体内部流体的混合。研究结果对双层桨偏心搅拌器的设计具有指导意义。