基于目标管理的高校二级学院办公室管理工作

目标管理既是一种科学的管理方法,也是一种管理哲学。目标管理具有重视全员参与管理,强调自我控制,重视成果与利益的结合,强调目标激励,促使权力下放等特点,在二级学院办公室实施具有可行性。在目标管理实施过程中,要依次进行目标管理的准备、目标体系的构建、权力的有效下放、目标的有效控制和科学的考评反馈,最后实现办公室管理的预期目标。     

时代语境中文化热点的形成与权力之间的关系解读——以《山楂树之恋》为例

在畀质媒介一纸张和荧幕的承载下,《山楂树之恋》呈现出不同的表现形式,并产生了迥异的影响。通过两者的差异性比较可以发现,《山楂树之恋》在影视艺术上的成功同时代语境、社会意志以及影视媒介有着不可分割的关系,它们是文化热点形成的重要原因。     

论“人肉搜索”的合法性及其法律规制

＂人肉搜索＂作为中国社会转型时期的特定产物尽管存在着诸多不足,但其维护正义及公益性本质为其自身发展提供了广阔的空间。目前我国对＂人肉搜索＂还没有明确的立法,因此对其加以理性的法律约束与道德考量则具有重要的现实意义。借助法律的控制手段规约＂人肉搜索＂,可以避免其可能产生的隐患,发挥其积极效应,促进其健康发展。＂人肉搜索＂的出路一方面在于提高网民自治,另一方面有赖于对我国现有法律体系加以解释,提高现有法律对＂人肉搜索＂的适应能力,完善网络法规对＂人肉搜索＂进行规范和引导。     

少数民族地区艾滋病防控过程中本土化资源的发掘利用

我国少数民族地区艾滋病的较高感染率,已成为一些民族生存和发展的重大隐患。由于医疗资源贫乏,再因各种原因资源配置不够合理,致使少数民族地区防控艾滋病面临困难局面。少数民族地区艾滋病防控工作中,在预防宣传教育、高危人群行为干预、患者及其家属的救助关怀等工作中,应该发掘利用本族语言文字、民间自组织、宗教信仰、民间仪式等本土化资源。     

Pricing decisions in a multi-criteria setting for product recovery facilities

Unpredictability in the arrival time and quantity of discarded products at product recovery facilities (PRFs) and varying demand for recovered components contribute to the volatility in their inventory levels. Achieving profit under such capricious inventory levels and stringent environmental legislations remains a challenge to many PRFs. This paper presents a multi-criteria decision model to determine a pricing policy that can simultaneously address two issues: stabilize inventory fluctuations and boost profits. The model considers that PRFs passively accepts discarded products as well as acquires them proactively if necessary. Under a multi-criteria setting, the current work determines prices of reusable and recyclable components to maximize revenue and minimize product recovery costs. A genetic algorithm is employed to solve the multi-criteria decision making problem. Sensitivity analysis is performed to investigate the effect of sorting yield, disassembly yield, and reusable component yield on the profits, prices, inventory levels, and disposal quantities.     

Joint modified block replacement and production/inventory control policy for a failure-prone manufacturing cell

This paper considers a joint preventive maintenance (PM) and production/inventory control policy of an unreliable single machine, mono-product manufacturing cell with stochastic non-negligible corrective and preventive delays. The production/inventory control policy, which is based on the hedging point policy (HPP), consists in building and maintaining a safety stock of finished products in order to respond to demand and to avoid shortages during maintenance actions. Without considering the impact of preventive and corrective actions on the overall performance of the production system, most authors working in the reliability and maintainability domains confirm that the age-based preventive maintenance policy (ARP) outperforms the classical block-replacement policy (BRP). In order to reduce wastage incurred by the classical BRP, we consider a modified block replacement policy (MBRP), which consists in canceling a preventive maintenance action if the time elapsed since the last maintenance action exceeds a specified time threshold. The main objective of this paper is to determine the joint optimal policy that minimizes the overall cost, which is composed of corrective and preventive maintenance costs as well as inventory holding and backlog costs. A simulation model mimicking the dynamic and stochastic behavior of the manufacturing cell, based on more realistic considerations of the real behavior of industrial manufacturing cells, is proposed. Based on simulation results, the joint optimal MBRP/HPP parameters are obtained through a numerical approach that combines design of experiment, analysis of variance and response surface methodologies. The joint optimal MBRP/HPP policy is compared to classical joint ARP/HPP and BRP/HPP optimal policies, and the results show that the proposed MBRP/HPP outperforms the latter. Sensitivity analyses are also carried out in order to confirm the superiority of the proposed MBRP/HPP, and it is observed that for practitioners, the proposed joint MBRP/HPP offers not only cost savings, but is also easy to manage, as compared to the ARP/HPP policy.     

The EPQ with partial backordering and phase-dependent backordering rate

In previous work we established a closed-form optimal stocking strategy for an EPQ model with partial backordering at a constant rate β. Here we extend this work to allow for the possibility that the percentage of demand backordered will increase when production starts again. We show how our previous model can be adapted to find the optimal decision variable values for this new assumption and develop the condition that the initial value of β must meet for partial backordering to be optimal.     

Supply chain configuration for diffusion of new products: An integrated optimization approach

We develop an integrated/hybrid optimization model for configuring new products’ supply chains while explicitly considering the impact of demand dynamics during new products’ diffusion. The hybrid model simultaneously determines optimal production/sales plan and supply chain configuration. The production and sales plan provides decisions on the optimal timing to launch a new product, as well as the production and sales quantity in each planning period. The supply chain configuration provides optimal selection of options and safety stock level kept at each supply chain function. Extensive computational experiments on randomly generated testbed problems indicate that the hybrid modeling and solution approach significantly outperforms non-hybrid alternative modeling and solution approaches under various diffusion and supply chain topologies. We provide insights on optimal production/sales plan and supply chain configuration for new products during their diffusion process. Also, managerial implications relevant to effectiveness of the hybrid approach are discussed.     

大股东自利动机下的资本投资与配置效率研究

本文将终极控制人和直接控制人两类大股东的利益动机纳入统一的分析框架,实证考察了大股东自利动机下的资本投资选择与配置效率。研究发现:(1)终极控制人的现金流权比例越低,越有动机增加资本在固定资产、无形资产和长期股权上的自利性投入,导致总体投资规模扩张;(2)地方企业集团投资扩张受终极控制人自利动机的影响最强,央企投资所受影响最弱,民营企业居中;(3)随着控制层级的增加,终极控制人决策权的履行成本增大,企业资本配置行为因直接控制人持股比例高低而表现出"利益攫取"与"利益协同"两种效应;(4)在较高持股比例的收益分配激励下,直接控制人将减少自利性资本投入,抑制过度投资,提高资本配置效率。     

基于价值模式的商业集团企业内部控制建设——沃尔玛的经验分析

内部控制不能仅仅理解为信息保障机制,而更应该理解为企业价值管理工具,大型商业集团连锁经营的核心就是要建立一套行之有效的内部控制体系,以实现商业活动的标准化、统一化、专业化和简单化。从企业价值模式角度来看,内部控制是嵌合于其中的一套运营和管理体系,所以内部控制建设应该以价值模式为基础。本文以沃尔玛公司为例说明商业集团企业如何围绕价值模式建设内部控制体系,以期为中国商业集团企业提供有益借鉴。