Social Activity,School-related Activity,and Anti–substance Use: Media Messages on Adolescent Tobacco and Alcohol Use

In this article, we present the effects of three hypothesized protective factors—social activities, school-related activities, and anti–substance use media messages—on adolescent tobacco and alcohol use. Data were drawn from the “Monitoring the Future” research project, which was conducted by the Institute for Social Research at the University of Michigan. The sample included 2,551 twelfth-grade students. The results of the structural equation model showed that exposure to media anti-drug messages had an indirect negative effect on tobacco and alcohol use through school-related activity and social activity. The results suggest that comprehensive ecological interventions encompassing media, family, and school can increase the preventive effects of adolescent's substance use.     

The Social Ecology of Child Development in the Mexican American Population

Abstract

This article explores the influence of contextual factors on the developmental outcomes of Mexican American children. The contextual structure of child development is conceptualized as a complex system of environments, including the socio-demographic, social service, academic, and parental home environments. Based on an extensive review of the current theoretical and empirical literature, we find that the disadvantaged social position of Mexican American children has detrimental implications for all other aspects of their environment, thus hindering their development. In addition, although Mexican American parents are highly competent in providing a nurturing and culturally-rich environment, there is a often a discontinuity between the home environment and both the academic and the social service environments.     

Rural Perspectives on Same-Sex Marriage

This study explored rural perspectives on same-sex marriage with a nonprobability sample (N = 156) of adult respondents recruited in a largely rural state in the upper Midwest. A new 6-item instrument with strong internal consistency (α =.943) found that support for same-sex marriage was widespread without significant differences based on relationship status, education level, rural residence, or biological sex. Sexual orientation predicted support for traditional family values and same-sex marriage which were inversely associated. Findings suggest that the presumption of rural bias and hostility toward alternative sexualities has mitigated in the upper Midwest. Social work practitioners should infer from this study that there is more to rural culture than remoteness, isolation, poverty, stigma, and conservative religious values. The malleability of rural culture may be an unrecognized strength that may provide encouragement to rural social workers advocating for and serving lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) individuals.     

Examination of the relationships between dietary restraint,alcohol, and adverse problems among women

Objective: Women who report greater chronic dieting consume more alcohol, drink more frequently, and experience greater problems than women who report less chronic dieting. Alcohol may also temporarily disrupt a woman's dietary rules, leading to increased caloric intake and subsequent restriction. This study examined whether alcohol use mediated the relationship between dietary restraint and alcohol problems in a woman's daily life. Participants: Women (N = 59) completed the study by the fall of 2013. Methods: Participants completed up to six assessments for 10 days, including intended dietary restraint, alcohol use, and problems. Results: Drinking quantity partially mediated the relationship between dietary restraint and alcohol problems. For each drink consumed, there was a 1.4 times greater likelihood of eating after drinking, which was associated with greater intention to subsequently restrict calories. Conclusions: The types of drinks consumed and reasons for restricting one's caloric intake may inform the relationship between these behaviors.     

生态化理念下对物权法的考量

生态危机的爆发和加剧对人类社会的冲击极其深远。作为一种专门用于解决因自然资源有限性与人类需求无限性之间的矛盾而引发的人与人之间紧张关系的法律制度,物权法理当做出应用的回应。本文基于环境资源的稀缺性与价值多元性认知,重拾私法特别是物权法的调整手段,探讨在生态化理念和可持续发展思想指引下物权法的重新定位问题,重点涉及对物权法律关系中主体、客体、内容相应变革开展的初步考察,并最终落脚到中国《物权法》"生态化"的制度建构与实际运行之关怀。     

哲学视域中的人类中心主义

人类中心主义既不是人类专制主义,也不是人类沙文主义,全球生态危机是"生态帝国主义"以及社会经济制度和管理体制的缺失所使然。不是人类中心主义造成了全球生态危机,而是全球生态危机造成了人类中心主义的灾难。所以,人类中心主义应该成为批判的主体,而不是批判的客体。     

改革开放以来中国共产党解决“三农”问题的 理论创新及认识飞跃

改革开放以来中国共产党领导人民解决"三农"问题的历程,是一个思想不断解放、理论不断创新、认识不断深化的与时俱进的过程;在这个实践和认识的逻辑统一发展进程中,实现了两次关于"三农"问题的重大理论创新和认识飞跃,形成了集中体现中国共产党解决"三农"问题理论创新和认识飞跃的理论体系和政策成果.广大农民的实践是解决"三农"问题理论创新和认识飞跃的基础,解放思想、实事求是的思想路线是解决"三农"问题理论创新和认识飞跃的基本前提,"三个代表"重要思想是解决"三农"问题理论创新和认识飞跃的根本保证.     

“生态学马克思主义”研究述评

对于"生态学马克思主义"和"生态社会主义"理论派别问题,有多种不同观点.本文赞同"生态学马克思主义"是"绿色运动引发的两股思潮",并认为两者有共同点,也各有特色."生态学马克思主义"认为,绿色危机产生的主要根源是资本主义社会生产的无政府状态,生态危机代替经济危机而成为资本主义社会的主要危机,应该克服异己消费,建立稳态经济模式,采取非暴力革命途径往社会主义社会过渡.这些基本主张为人类协调人与自然的关系提供了崭新的视角,但其以生态危机论替代经济危机论、技术取代论以及稳态经济论、西方中心论及其危机转嫁论等理论和实践也存在着明显的缺陷和不足.     

达尔文进化学说中的生态思想及其地位

达尔文是一个"天生的博物学者",以自然选择学说闻名于世。其进化学说体现着朴素的生态思想:自然界是个和谐发展的复杂网络系统,其成员相互依存;生物具有一定的位置体系,每种生物都在争夺各自的有限的位置;系统通过演替不断发展,自然状态下最终会达到平衡;生物通过竞争、趋异和迁移等方式获得生存优势与必要的生理条件。达尔文进化学说占据着生态学成长过程中的关键位置,为生态学发展提供了重要舞台。