我国自然资源开发管理制度安排的缺失与对策

在自然资源的开发利用及管理方面,尽管正式与非正式的制度安排有着自身的渊源,然而相关的制度安排缺失也十分明显:管理体制上强调行政力量与分散管理,重视产权垄断而忽视产权的流动性;运行机制上不能运用价值规律和价格杠杆进行资源主业经营,以及促进自然资源的合理节约利用;基本理论与指导思想上仅将自然资源视为"纯自然物",并未按资产经营的规则来对其产业化经营管理。为此,实践中应以可持续发展理念为指导在自然资源的开发利用方面进行产权制度等方面的改革。     

论左联机关刊物《北斗》主编丁玲的身份转换意识

主编《北斗》是丁玲由“同路人”转变为革命的“螺丝钉”的开始。文章通过考察其由一位20年代末以出版同人期刊书籍为乐的女编辑,到担任左联机关刊物《北斗》主编这一身份转换中自我认知历程,探讨了丁玲新的“角色知觉”的觉醒与“角色适应”之间复杂矛盾的精神世界。     

高校基础科学研究的制约因素分析及对策

随着我国经济快速发展和知识经济时代的到来,基础科学研究在高校科技创新中的地位和作用日益明显,发挥着越来越重要的作用。根据目前我国高校基础研究的现状,探讨了高校基础研究发展的制约因素和对策,通过对国家在经费投入取向、资源配置等方面的分析,认为高校基础研究经费不足、分配不合理等制约了高校科技创新作用的发挥。提出了优化基础科学研究经费分配结构,确立以高校为主体的基础研究模式,以政策为导向,实现科技投入的多元化,充分发挥高校在基础科学研究的优势,构建符合时代发展要求的科技创新体系等建议。     

浅谈高校大学生创新能力的培养

创新,是一个国家进步的灵魂和动力。在知识经济时代,大学教育的首要任务应是培养具有创新能力和创新精神的高素质人才。实施创新教育、培养大学生的创新精神和创新能力,具体实施办法应该因教育对象的自身特点而定。文章论述了如何根据当代大学生所具有的独生子女的个性心理特征,来进行创新教育,使得他们能够成为掌握高科技和现代科学管理知识、具有良好人文精神的创新型人才。     

学术道路自述

回顾几十年来学术研究的道路,开始把鲁迅研究以专著形式系列化。这里的系列,只能说是“小系”,而不是“大系”。在这基础上,扩大研究领域,撰写关于中国现代小说研究,现代文学史研究的论著,同时进行散文创作,出版几本散文集。学术界的前辈、同辈、后辈的学者,在著作和文章中对我的论著、作品,进行热情的评论、分析,至感。     

中国传统纹饰与现代设计

面对中国的设计现状,我们应该倡导民族文化和先进文化,使中国的传统文化艺术在现代设计中得以延伸发展,打造新的民族形式,在理解的基础上取其“形”、延其“意”、从而传其“神”,用中国传统文化精粹,以现代化国际化语言来表达,使民族的文化精神和世界的设计语言,共同融汇成现代设计艺术的主流,必定会使现代设计更具文化性与社会性。     

从颠覆童话创作传统到批判西方现代文明病——艾克絮佩里在《小王子》中的文体创新及思想

法国作家艾克絮佩里的《小王子》成为半个多世纪畅销书,其成功首先在于文体上大胆创新,颠覆了童话创作的传统,变写给儿童的童话为写给成人的童话;其次是它的两个思想内涵:一方面超前地批判了当时西方刚刚萌芽的现代文明病;一方面在古老而永恒的爱情主题中,倡导了新的生活艺术。作者是以赤子和童子的诚挚与清纯之心构建他的作品,字里行间浸透着作者的心路历程。     

Australia’s national urban policy: The smart cities agenda in perspective

The Australian Government's attempts at national urban policy have been sporadic and inconsistent, under the constraints of constitutional, financial, ideological and political factors. This paper concerns the recent resurgence of national urban policy under the rubric of “smart cities” adopted by the Turnbull Government and carried on by the incumbent Morrison Government. It investigates how this round of smart cities agenda articulates with Australia's political tradition of national urban policy to seek continuity and change, through comparing historical policies, unpacking major smart cities programmes, identifying explanatory factors and critically commenting on its innovation and legacy. Drawing upon these analyses, this paper argues that understanding the smart cities agenda needs to move beyond the political, ideological “to-and-fro” pendulum to national urban policy observed in history. Rather, it resonates with a globalised policy norm established upon the city-based global integration and competition, driven by an imperative of transitioning to a knowledge economy and pursuing innovation capacity. It is too early to judge whether the smart cities agenda will bring changes to Australian cities in the way it wishes, since it involves long-term infrastructure investment and urban development projects. However, a comprehensive and consistent national urban policy to govern the Australian system of cities and towns has not been established yet.     

Social innovation and the autoimmunity of employability

The purpose of this article is to examine social innovation in the field of youth employment. It addresses both the shortcomings of supply-side approaches that are balanced towards issues such as employability and the impact of key demand side issues including low pay and precarity. The empirical analysis is based upon interviews with young people in employment or training with social innovations as well as interviews with senior policymakers and practitioners whose remit covers these issues. The study concludes by reflecting upon how the conduct of employability can operate as an autoimmune function.     

Supplemental home care and topping‐up: A shift from service universalism towards a new and privatised public service model?

How does a public service model based on service universalism react to the introduction of market principles of topping up? In a recent so‐called Free Municipality Scheme (an experimental scheme that allowed for greater operational autonomy locally in an effort to reduce state bureaucracy), a number of Danish municipalities were for the first time ever allowed to compete with for‐profit providers of home care in selling supplemental home care services paid entirely by the user. The take‐home message from this experience is that the introduction of supplemental home care entails challenges and eventually wider implications for the public service model, on an economic, organisational and cultural level. Supplemental services represent a new and potentially powerful combination of market and state logics that eventually redirects away from the universalist welfare state and towards a new and increasingly privatised public service model – a model where the service level is determined by the user's capacity to purchase and pay for services. The introduction of such services therefore implies a change of the potential of the Nordic welfare state to ensure equal access regardless of class and income.