未生效合同辨析

未生效合同是合同效力缓和的重要制度,但中国合同法上未生效合同的性质、范围、责任性质和形式等均未明确,理论和实践中的认识也存在分歧。未生效合同的范围应当包括所附生效期限未届至的合同和所附生效条件未满足的合同。未生效是合同的阶段性描述而不是独立的效力形态,合同的最终效力仍应得到确认。合同未生效的责任是缔约过失责任。在附选择行为条件生效合同的效力责任形式中应引入相反推定,允许相对人选择合同效力。在附义务行为条件生效合同的效力责任中应引入强制履行、代替履行。     

思想政治教育视阈下的新秧歌运动

陕甘宁边区新秧歌运动不仅是一次文艺改革运动,更是一场动员干部群众的思想政治教育运动,为发挥文艺工作的思想政治教育功能留下了宝贵的历史经验。强调文艺为工农兵服务的方针,为新秧歌运动发挥思想政治教育功能提供了坚强的政策依据。明确秧歌创作把思想性放在首位,为实现秧歌运动的思想政治教育功能奠定了坚实的思想基础。贴近人民生活的新秧歌内容真正满足了老百姓的需要,为新秧歌运动政治动员功能的发挥提供了科学的价值定位。喜闻乐见的民族形式适应了人民群众的接受力,为新秧歌运动实现思想政治教育功能开辟了广阔的道路。     

城市倾向的经济政策对于城乡居民收入差距的有效性评价———基于 DEA 和 CCR 模型的面板数据分析

中国在追求经济增长的同时漠视了城乡居民收入不平等问题.长期以来,由于居民收入差距持续扩大,中国政府不断调整经济政策,以期缩小城乡收入差距.而地方政府为了经济增长维持着城市倾向的经济政策,忽视了农村经济的发展,导致了城乡收入差距不断扩大.通过对31个省市的外国直接投资、出口贸易额、农林水支出、城乡社区事务支出、医疗卫生、教育支出、科学支出、文体支出、城乡居民收入差距(城镇人均可支配收入与农村人均纯收入差)数据进行实证分析,构建了反映政策有效性的指标体系,运用数据包络分析对1999—2010年间省级面板数据进行了有效性分析.结果显示,这12年来,中国持续扩大的城乡收入差距与城市倾向的经济政策有关     

高校辅导员职业发展阶段与职业规划有效性研究

对我国高校辅导员职业生涯规划影响因素和职业发展阶段进行了质性研究。采用扎根理论,通过半结构化深度访谈的调查方法,在全国辅导员骨干培训班采访了37名高校辅导员,根据他们对影响自身职业生涯规划的内容如本职工作特征、职业身份、工作模式以及工作中所能获取的资源和遇到的阻碍等,将影响因素归纳为四个主要方面,即主观因素、客观因素、决策方法以及职业发展阶段,构建了高校辅导员职业生涯规划的影响因素模型;并进一步将辅导员职业发展分为探索阶段,形成阶段,维护阶段和专业化阶段四个阶段,在此基础上探讨了职业发展阶段与职业生涯规划有效性的关系,最终形成了高校辅导员职业生涯发展路径突破的建议。     

企业集团内部资本市场有效性及影响因素研究

内部资本市场的研究大多关注存在性和效率问题,对内部资本市场有效性的影响因素关注较少。在投资-现金流的分析框架下,以2009-2012年沪深两市的上市公司及其附属集团为研究对象,构建企业投资加速模型,从组织结构的角度研究影响内部资本市场有效性的因素。研究结论显示：一方面,我国企业集团的内部资本市场是有效的,国有企业集团内部资本市场的有效性强于非国有企业集团;另一方面,集团所有权对内部资本市场有效性的影响不显著,但财务公司的设立对提升内部资本市场的有效性起了积极的促进作用,非国有企业集团财务公司的职能实现比国有企业集团更加有效。     

国有企业高管薪酬激励的有效性与透明性研究

随着我国国有企业的改制,股份制企业的两权分离问题在国有企业中显得更加复杂,出现了“双重代理”、内部人控制或“政企不分”的现象,产生极大的代理成本。因此,委托人必须设计激励性契约来规范代理人行为．使代理人与股东利益相一致,从而增加股东财富。通过对国有企业高管薪酬的有效性和透明性进行实证分析,发现其存在着治理结构、经理人市场建设及信息披露质量等方面的问题,并针对这些问题提出了相应的对策与建议。     

Exploring the effectiveness of methadone treatment from the perspective of drug users and their families: a qualitative study in Iran

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to explore the effectiveness of Methadone Maintenance Treatment (MMT) from the perspective of drug users and their families. For this qualitative content analysis study, 15 participants were selected via purposive sampling. Data collection was done using deep and semi-structured interviews, which were then analyzed. The results showed that MMT can bring favorable impacts into the patients’ lives and help them with the process of treatment and rehabilitation despite the medical side effects.     

A Study of Clinical Change in Individual Career Counseling

This study examined the clinical significance of career counseling effects. Participants were 111 university students (83% women) who participated in individual career counseling sessions at their university. All participants completed the French version of the Outcome Questionnaire–30.2 (OQ‐30.2; Lambert, Finch, Okiishi, & Burlingame, 2005) immediately before the 1st session (pretest) and at the beginning of the last session (posttest). The OQ‐30.2 assesses 3 client life domains: subjective discomfort, problems in interpersonal relationships, and problems in social role satisfaction. Using Jacobson and Truax’s (1991) statistical approach to assessing clinical change, the authors compared clients’ pretest OQ‐30.2 scores with their posttest scores. Among clients with a “dysfunctional” score (n = 59) at the study’s inception, 34% recovered and 14% improved, whereas 41% of clients with functional scores (n = 52) at the study’s inception improved. The results suggest that individual career counseling can make a difference in the lives of many clients; they also highlight the importance of further outcome research that accounts for possible variability in clients’ responses to career counseling.     

Networks for Welfare Provision: Getting a Grip on Processes of Social Exclusion by Evaluating Network Effectiveness

It has been repeatedly stated that the topic of network effectiveness has often been neglected. This has led to a situation of ‘network euphoria’ amongst practitioners and policymakers with regard to the creation of networks as a means to (re‐)organize welfare provision. Starting from a case study of networks for welfare provision in two Belgian cities, this article focuses on the effectiveness of service delivering networks at the client level, which is understood as the contribution of the network in improving the conditions of life of those being served or targeted by the network. Therefore, we focused on the collective efforts via these networks (e.g. by creating a night shelter or by conducting case consultations) to look after a population of homeless people who face multiple problems and are not able yet to benefit from welfare provision. Our findings revealed that these networks were able to realize a ‘collaborative advantage’ by filling in service gaps and by overcoming fragmentation of care. Nevertheless, these networks equally maintained criteria that restricted the accessibility or usefulness of welfare services provided to homeless people. In the concluding section, we highlight some of the factors that could help us to explain our findings and highlight the tension between the effectiveness of networks at the client level and the effectiveness at the organizational level.     

Comparing the effectiveness of respondent-driven sampling and quota sampling in migration research

We evaluate the effectiveness in empirical migration research of the respondent-driven sampling (RDS) and the quota sampling with regard to four criteria: quality of the data; sociometric diversity of the sample; geographic coverage of the sample; and cost-effectiveness. We review two surveys of ex-USSR migrants, conducted simultaneously in the Warsaw metropolitan area, each undertaken with the use of one of the two sampling methods. We find that although the RDS was considerably costlier, it enabled faster data collection and posed a lower risk of underestimating the cost of the survey. We also find that the RDS generated higher-quality data, and that it was more successful in surveying short-term circular migrants. This comparative evaluation contributes to the literature on social research methods in that it links the sampling methods with the quality and character of the data, and helps assess the usefulness and applicability of RDS in empirical migration studies.