RFID as an Enabler of Improved Manufacturing Performance*

The use of radio frequency identification (RFID) versus bar coding has been debated with little quantitative research about how to best use RFID's capabilities and when RFID is more advantageous. This article responds to that need by qualitatively and quantitatively analyzing how RFID facilitates increased traceability and control in manufacturing, which in turn enables the use of more lot splitting and smaller lot sizes. We develop insights about operating policies (RFID vs. bar‐code tracking mechanisms, extent of lot splitting, and dispatching rules) and an operating condition (setup to processing time ratio) that affect the mean flow time and proportion of jobs tardy in a job shop. A simulation model is used to control factors in the experimental design and the output is evaluated using analysis of variance. The results show the following: (i) performance worsens when bar coding is used with extensive lot splitting, (ii) process changes such as extensive lot splitting may be required to justify RFID use instead of bar coding, (iii) the earliest operation due date dispatching rule offers an attractive alternative to other rules studied in previous lot splitting research, and (iv) the performance improvements with RFID and increased lot splitting are larger when the setup to processing time ratio is smaller. In a broader context, we fill a research void by quantitatively showing how RFID can be used as an advanced manufacturing technology that enables more factory automation and better performance along several dimensions. The article concludes by summarizing the results and identifying ideas for future research.     

不完全信息下的一种信用分类方法

本文详细分析了一类典型的不完全信息的信用评价问题,即存在信用参考信息不完全或样本数据较少,以及某些指标数据为区间数等。文章首先考虑具有不完全信用参考信息的情况,在分析这类问题特性的基础上,基于数据包络分析理论(DEA),提出一种以拒绝案例集构造参考单元集的方法,并给出了相应的DEA模型。然后,进一步考虑带有较为复杂区间指标数据这类具有不完全指标信息的信用评价问题,并给出了相应的信用分析方法,最后采用算例说明本文提出方法的合理性。由于所提方法能有效地处理信用信息不完全和指标数据不完全的情况,故其具有较为广泛的实用性。     

基于ECA规则的工作流时间约束分析

本文着重研究了工作流中各活动间的定量时序关系,提出了一种分析工作流中时间约束的方法。该方法针对基于ECA规则的工作流,通过建立及分析工作流的约束图,对工作流中活动间定量时序约束的一致性进行了分析,从而保证了工作流的正常运行。     

缺失数据下ARMA(1, 1)模型的估计方法

近几十年以来,国际上在对"风险的处理和效益的优化"这两个现代金融学的中心议题的分析和处理过程中,金融时间序列的计量学模型及其相应的分析越来越起到非常重要的作用.对于线性时间序列模型如AR(p),MA(q),ARMA(p,q)等,已经为我们所熟知.具体到模型的参数估计在数据没有缺失时,也有很多经典的办法,如最小二乘法、极大似然法等.但是当数据在中间有缺失时,上述方法将无能为力.本文将详细讨论在数据有缺失时的ARMA(1,1)模型,即Zt=αZ_t-1+ε_t-βε_t-1的参数的估计方法.     

机会约束下的含有资本结构因子和交易成本的均值-VaR投资组合模型

本文在均值-方差模型和机会约束模型的基础上,提出了在允许卖空时的一类机会约束下含有资本结构因子和交易成本的均值-VaR证券投资组合模型,以期望收益率与置信水平为导向,在假设收益率服从正态分布的条件下,建立了其数学模型,并讨论了最优解的存在性和唯一性,以及最优解的解析表达式。     

Path to “Stardom” in Globally Distributed Hybrid Teams: An Examination of a Knowledge‐Centered Perspective using Social Network Analysis

Although distributed teams have been researched extensively in information systems and decision science disciplines, a review of the literature suggests that the dominant focus has been on understanding the factors affecting performance at the team level. There has however been an increasing recognition that specific individuals within such teams are often critical to the team's performance. Consequently, existing knowledge about such teams may be enhanced by examining the factors that affect the performance of individual team members. This study attempts to address this need by identifying individuals who emerge as “stars” in globally distributed teams involved in knowledge work such as information systems development (ISD). Specifically, the study takes a knowledge‐centered view in explaining which factors lead to “stardom” in such teams. Further, it adopts a social network approach consistent with the core principles of structural/relational analysis in developing and empirically validating the research model. Data from U.S.–Scandinavia self‐managed “hybrid” teams engaged in systems development were used to deductively test the proposed model. The overall study has several implications for group decision making: (i) the study focuses on stars within distributed teams, who play an important role in shaping group decision making, and emerge as a result of a negotiated/consensual decision making within egalitarian teams; (ii) an examination of emergent stars from the team members’ point of view reflects the collective acceptance and support dimension decision‐making contexts identified in prior literature; (iii) finally, the study suggests that the social network analysis technique using relational data can be a tool for a democratic decision‐making technique within groups.     

关于上海金融产业专门人才培养的建议

金融高等职业技术教育担负着培养面向金融产业、服务于高新或复合技术运作岗位的高级技术专门人才的任务,必须注重学生理论知识与实务技能的综合培养,并将它贯穿于办学指导思想、师资队伍建设、课程设置和教学实践等各个环节之中.促进上海金融人力资源的健康发展,还有赖于政府的宏观调控.     

王安石变法新论

王安石变法具有三个特点,即重名轻实、重赋敛轻生产、重富国轻富民.它没有给百姓带来利益,相反加重了农民的负担,因此是注定要失败的.     

我国高校外语教学的集约化初探

长期以来，我国对专业外语的忽视，使得外语教育形成了起点与终点基本均为公共外语的这种粗放的教育模式，教育目的主要是为了应试而非国际竞争与交流。从外语教育的最终目的来看，在高级公共外语基础上乘势继续专业外语教育，才能从根本上解决我国外语教育集约化问题。就目前而言。培养合格的专业外语的师资不是技术问题、它需要高校前瞻性认识及优惠的政策。     

非单调二元非线性算子方程组的迭代求解

利用锥与半序理论和混合单调算子理论 ,讨论 Banach空间中非单调二元非线性算子方程组解的存在性与唯一性 ,并给出收敛于方程组解的迭代序列和误差估计 ,改进和推广了混合单调算子方程和一元算子方程的某些相应结果 .