Estimation under modified Weibull distribution based on right censored generalized order statistics

In this paper, the maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayes, by using Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC), methods are considered to estimate the parameters of three-parameter modified Weibull distribution (MWD(β, τ, λ)) based on a right censored sample of generalized order statistics (gos). Simulation experiments are conducted to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed methods. Some comparisons are carried out between the ML and Bayes methods by computing the mean squared errors (MSEs), Akaike's information criteria (AIC) and Bayesian information criteria (BIC) of the estimates to illustrate the paper. Three real data sets from Weibull(α, β) distribution are introduced and analyzed using the MWD(β, τ, λ) and also using the Weibull(α, β) distribution. A comparison is carried out between the mentioned models based on the corresponding Kolmogorov–Smirnov (K–S) test statistic, {AIC and BIC} to emphasize that the MWD(β, τ, λ) fits the data better than the other distribution. All parameters are estimated based on type-II censored sample, censored upper record values and progressively type-II censored sample which are generated from the real data sets.     

Electronic monitoring,an alternative way of preventing aggression and helping social rehabilitation

Abstract

It has been said that Criminal Law is violence not only because of what it punishes, but also because of the way it does it. Violence is present in all human relationships, and as such, it is consubstantial to every system of social control. Despite this, the failure of imprisonment has not been its severity, but its inefficiency regarding social rehabilitation. This lack of efficiency can be palliated through the use of alternative systems of electronic monitoring in the penitentiary context. These alternative systems will not only enable an effective solution to the problem of overcrowded prisons, but will also mitigate the harmful effects of prison. Moreover, these alternative systems represent a good method to prevent future aggressions as well as to facilitate the offender's social rehabilitation. From this point of view, we will first explain the programs of electronic monitoring in Spain and second we will evaluate them in terms of social rehabilitation, cost-benefit analysis, human rights restrictions, privatization and overcrowding in prisons.     

论宪法教育与公民教育

宪法和公民是密不可分的两个概念,现代意义上的公民是在近代宪政运动中产生的;凡是成功的宪政国家,均有一套成熟的公民教育体系,宪法教育是公民教育的基本内核,公民教育是宪法教育的基本内容;要克服法学教育的功利化倾向,使法科学生具备优秀公民的基本素质;要改变宪法教育的泛政治化,与公民教育紧密结合,多种途径加强法科学生的宪法意识和公民素质.     

试论契丹“挞马”组织的性质及其影响

在契丹族早期社会中,存在过一种特殊的武装团体,契丹语称“挞马”.到阿保机时代,契丹“挞马”组织的性质发生了根本性的变化.其成员多以“入侍”的形式,宣誓效忠于首领,由此产生了契丹族以贵戚、大臣子弟入侍汗庭的制度,也出现了从属于阿保机个人的常备扈从武装,由此强化了阿保机的个人权力,也促进了契丹社会王权的诞生和专制政体国家的出现.     

Using a Stakeholder Participatory Model in a Community-Wide Service Needs Assessment of Elderly Residents

ABSTRACT

This paper discusses a collaborative approach to a community-wide needs assessment in a county in Ohio. A neighborhood service provider for elderly residents in the community initiated the research project. To promote ownership in the evaluation process and to conserve resources, the evaluators used a stakeholder participatory approach. This effort not only resulted in increased cooperation among all parties involved (stakeholders, evaluators, community agencies), but culminated in the acceptance and utilization of controversial findings.     

关于上海金融产业专门人才培养的建议

金融高等职业技术教育担负着培养面向金融产业、服务于高新或复合技术运作岗位的高级技术专门人才的任务,必须注重学生理论知识与实务技能的综合培养,并将它贯穿于办学指导思想、师资队伍建设、课程设置和教学实践等各个环节之中.促进上海金融人力资源的健康发展,还有赖于政府的宏观调控.     

王安石变法新论

王安石变法具有三个特点,即重名轻实、重赋敛轻生产、重富国轻富民.它没有给百姓带来利益,相反加重了农民的负担,因此是注定要失败的.     

The role of market-oriented relations in public relations: The differing perspectives of managers and practitioners in the U.S. and Taiwan

This study explored the role of market-oriented public relations. The study involved two surveys; one explored the perspectives of business managers and another of the perspectives of public relations practitioners, and compared their views concerning market-oriented and non-market-oriented relations. While business managers and public relations practitioners of non-market-oriented relations valued the contribution of market-oriented public relations to organizational effectiveness in terms of revenue generation and cost reduction, practitioners of market-oriented public relations ascribed their contribution to organizational effectiveness in terms of media publicity and exposure. This paper concludes with a discussion of practical applications and theoretical implications.     

我国高校外语教学的集约化初探

长期以来，我国对专业外语的忽视，使得外语教育形成了起点与终点基本均为公共外语的这种粗放的教育模式，教育目的主要是为了应试而非国际竞争与交流。从外语教育的最终目的来看，在高级公共外语基础上乘势继续专业外语教育，才能从根本上解决我国外语教育集约化问题。就目前而言。培养合格的专业外语的师资不是技术问题、它需要高校前瞻性认识及优惠的政策。     

The Effects of the Facial Expression of Beneficiaries in Charity Appeals and Psychological Involvement on Donation Intentions

To increase the effectiveness of fundraising campaigns, many human‐need charities include pictures of beneficiaries in their ads. However, it is unclear when and why the facial expression of these beneficiaries (sad versus happy) may influence the effectiveness of charity ads. To answer these questions, an experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of the facial expression on donation intentions, while considering the moderating role of psychological involvement with charities. It found that psychological involvement with charities moderated the impact of the facial expression on donation intentions in that seeing a picture of a sad versus happy person increased intentions to give among participants with lower levels of psychological involvement, whereas the reverse was true for highly involved participants. The moderating effect of psychological involvement was fully explained by the perceived efficacy of one's donation. The findings not only contribute to our understanding of the effect of the facial expression of people pictured in charity appeals on donation behavior, but also suggest that nonprofits should tailor their ads to target potential donors with various levels of psychological involvement with charities.