Characterizations based on Rényi entropy of order statistics and record values

Two different distributions may have equal Rényi entropy; thus a distribution cannot be identified by its Rényi entropy. In this paper, we explore properties of the Rényi entropy of order statistics. Several characterizations are established based on the Rényi entropy of order statistics and record values. These include characterizations of a distribution on the basis of the differences between Rényi entropies of sequences of order statistics and the parent distribution.     

The Effect of Support Expectations on Prenatal Attachment: An Evidence-Based Approach for Intervention in an Adolescent Population

This study was designed to determine the significant variables predicting prenatal attachment in an adolescent population. Scientifically supported knowledge of the factors enhancing attachment plays a crucial role in assisting social workers and other health care professionals to accurately assess and intervene to decrease pregnancy risks. Previous prenatal attachment studies demonstrated conflicting findings due to problems from using different theoretical frameworks and research methodologies. In order to ensure consistency, this study infused an attachment theory perspective. Bowlby’s attachment theory, Levitt’s support expectations model, and research from prenatal relationship studies were integrated. The social survey sampled 129 minority status pregnant adolescents attending public school. Measurements included the Prenatal Attachment Inventory (PAI) and the Support Expectations Index (SEI). Regression analyses revealed that support expectation was a powerful predictor of prenatal attachment with pregnancy planning and less stress adding importantly to explain over 33% of the variance. Support expectation was a greater predictor of prenatal attachment than the actual support available. Findings also supported the construct of prenatal attachment as the initial stage of development of the life cycle. Janis B. Feldman is an Assistant Professor, University, of Texas-Pan American.     

海洋渔业资源管理的理论探讨

集权管制的失败 ,引导人们探讨自然资源管理的替代形式。文章在分析海洋渔业资源的政府集权管理的基础上 ,对分权管理方案的几种形式进行了阐述 ,并试图建立一种地方化的资源管理结构———社区资源管理公司 ,扩展对分权管理的研究。     

论蒙古族游牧经济的特征

游牧经济是游牧民族的经济基础,是畜牧业经济发展到一定程度的一种类型。蒙古族游牧经济曾经正确处理了人与自然、人与牲畜、自然与牲畜的关系,保持了生态环境的可持续发展。蒙古族游牧经济具有游动性、均衡性、分散性、脆弱性等特征。考察和研究蒙古族游牧经济及其特征有助于重新认识内蒙古或其他牧区草原畜牧业的可持续发展。     

“经济人”理念下的中国行政伦理建设

追求利益最大化是"经济人"的特征.这种"经济人"理念的植入并内化是我国改革开放、建立社会主义市场经济的必然结果,是现代社会进步的表现.但基于"经济人"追求最大化利益的倾向,其在行政领域的适用,引发了行政人恪守行政伦理的困厄:追求自身利益与代表公共利益的矛盾;对上负责与回应民众的矛盾;为政绩而政绩的"政治作秀".笔者以为,"经济人"理念下的行政伦理建设必须从转变观念、引入市场竞争机制、制度伦理等层面入手.     

老年人社会服务需求、供给及利用情况分析--以北京市西城区为例

利用2013年北京市西城区老年人社会服务调研数据,对当前西城区老年人社会服务的供给、需求和利用情况进行分析,结果显示：西城区社会养老服务面临的最主要问题是服务的需求率、供给率与使用率之间严重不平衡,即高需求率、低供给率和低使用率之间的矛盾。一方面老年人的需要得不到满足,另一方面又造成社会资源的闲置和浪费,无法实现物尽其用。总结起来说就是“一高二低”,一高,即目前西城区社会养老服务需求量高;二低,即服务供给率低、利用率低。造成这种局面的原因可总结为“七缺少”,即缺少资金、场地、人员、专业性、个性化、便利性和知晓度。社会养老服务的供给量应与需求量相适应,加大为老服务的资金支持力度,引进专业技术人才,拓展服务种类和范围,加大宣传力度等,以适应养老模式的转变、满足人民群众的养老服务需求。     

高拱与恩师、同年、门生关系考略

明嘉、隆时期的政治家和改革家高拱从政三十余年,结成了各种人际关系网络。梳理和考辨高拱与恩师、同门、同年、门生之间的关系,既有助于了解高拱的求学经历和社交范围,也有助于把握"隆庆改革"群体的形成和实态。     

“诛”字“杀戮”义考

"诛"字的本义是"责罚、责备",由"责罚、责备"义引申出"杀戮"。早在春秋后期,"诛"字便引申出了"杀戮"之义。但"杀戮"之义直到汉代才逐渐成熟并占据主导地位。"诛"表"杀戮"义兴起的缘由大约有三个:1.春秋战国时期君王具有绝对的统治力,往往君主的"责罚"被引申为"杀戮";2."诛""杀"二字的经常性连用,并逐渐凝固成词,促进了"杀戮"义的发展;3."责"字分担了"诛"字的一部分"责备、责罚"义,使"诛"得以专表"杀戮"义。     

The Use of Humor With Older Adults Aging in Place

As more older adults seek ways to remain in their homes during their “golden years,” humor has proven to be a worthwhile intervention that reduces stress and provides a hopeful, playful, and optimistic environment. Development of creative and supportive housing situations for older adults combined with the use of modern technology (e.g., the Internet and computer devices used in the home), aid in bringing humor to the older adult. This article addresses some of the challenges that older adults face and the way that the use of humor can assist them to meet these challenges.     

一类广义(2+1)维非自治长短波方程的整体光滑解的存在唯一性

利用先验估计和Galerkin方法,研究了非线性广义耗散(2+1)维非自治长短波方程在H4per(Ω)×H3per(Ω)上光滑解的整体存在唯一性.