多环芳烃的性质与拓扑指数的关系研究 (Ⅰ)二阶连接性指数~2x与分配系数K_(ow)的相关性

提出了多环芳烃的分配系数 (Kow)与其二阶连接性指数 ( 2 x)之间的定量关系方程 ,估算了 4 2个多环芳烃的Kow,估算值与实验值吻合 ,相关系数R =0 .991 4 .     

Bayesian estimation for the Pareto income distribution

The Bayes estimators of the Gini index, the mean income and the proportion of the population living below a prescribed income level are obtained in this paper on the basis of censored income data from a pareto income distribution. The said estimators are obtained under the assumptions of a two-parameter exponential prior distribution and the usual squared error loss function. This work is also extended to the case when the income data are grouped and the exact incomes for the individuals in the population are not available. The method for the assessment of the hyperparameters is also outlined. Finally, the results are generalized for the doubly truncated gamma prior distribution. Now deceased.     

Organisation et institution: vers une socioéconomie de la firme?

The paper aims at showing that beyond its economic nature the firm is an organized social institution. The theory of the firm does not succeed in unifying in a single analytical framework both its institutional and organizational dimensions. In contrast, organization theory – notably organizational sociology – deals with the intertwining of these two existential elements of firms. The cross-fertilization which occurs between these two social sciences can be used to propose a real socio-economic theory of the firm.     

传统民本思想向现代民主思想的转化

传统民本思想是中国传统政治思想的一个主题。它起源于先秦 ,形成于两汉 ,完备于隋唐 ,衰落于明清。传统民本思想既与现代民主思想有着本质区别 ,又是中国人在观念上走向现代民主思想的起点。树立人民群众创造历史的唯物主义观点 ,建立社会主义市场经济体制 ,社会主义民主的制度化、法律化 ,赋予民本思想时代新含义 ,分别是传统民本思想转化为现代民主思想的根本条件、必要条件、关键环节和重要途径     

灾荒史研究的若干问题

以问答形式，探讨灾荒史研究的几个理论问题地方政府与中央政府的关系；关于湖南改赈为贷的问题；传统社会与近代社会荒政的差异；政府和民间人士在赈灾活动中的地位。     

区域发展不平衡与边疆少数民族地区的发展——以吉林省延边朝鲜族自治州为例

延边州的状况表明,区域发展不平衡引发这一地区人力和物力的严重外流,造成了产业发展乏力、乡镇空巢化、土地城市化、教育和文化发展滞后等一系列问题,也影响了国家为改善区域发展不平衡、促进内陆边疆地区发展所采取的政策取得理想的效果,更阻碍了内陆边疆地区的健康和谐发展。形成这些后果的原因,在于经济全球化影响下,形成的国内"中心—半边缘—边缘"的区域结构以及在此基础上形成的强大的市场机制的力量,远远超过试图改善区域发展不平衡的政府机制的力度,从而改变不了各种资源"边缘→中心"的流向结构,使得在这些地方很难实现政府机制和市场机制的良性互动。因此,如何去缓解这样的资源流向,如何去充分启动市场机制是促进内陆及边疆地区发展的关键所在。     

Issues of Elder Care and Elder Abuse in the Indian Context

Summary

With 7% of the population of India being elderly, two-thirds of whom live in villages and nearly a half of them in poor conditions, the care of the elderly is a difficult problem to be tackled. The dwindling of the joint family, the rise of dual-career families, a possible shift in filial piety values, the increasing life expectancy with greater chances of a prolonged old age characterized by poverty, degeneration, more empty-nest years, and dependency, have all added to the seriousness of the problem and made the elderly more susceptible than ever to abusive treatment. This paper examines these issues as well as the issue of elder abuse in light of available data and suggests some strategies to meet the problem. Also discussed are the problems, stresses, and strains of caregivers of the elderly. A greater role is envisaged for Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) than the state in the care of the elderly, particularly in providing support services to family caregivers.     

Getting Out and About: The Relationship Between Urban Form and Senior Travel Patterns

As the overall U.S. population expands outward from the central city and core suburbs and as people age in place, more seniors will reside in suburban and exurban locations. This research seeks to determine whether older adults who live in areas with differing urban forms experience travel pattern variations under controls for other factors related to travel. We analyzed data from a telephone survey of a random sample of seniors aged 75 years and older and we employed a unique approach for establishing the urban form of their residential settings. The results show that urban form does influence travel patterns, including the number of trips and transportation mode, and suggest that the construction of compact, mixed-use communities where today's older adults can age in place may be part of the solution to addressing the mobility needs of our aging population.     

制度的实践逻辑:发达国家残疾人社会保障制度的比较研究及启示

基于文献研究与比较研究,发现"助残"理念与残疾人社会保障制度具有内在的动态契合性,理念转变是制度完善的先决条件。在制度分析视角下,三个典型国家的残疾人社会保障模式呈现了残疾人社会保障的实践逻辑,为我国的残疾人社会保障制度的完善提供了有益借鉴。     

‘A load too heavy’: Critical reflections on the child labor problem in Africa's small-scale mining sector

This paper provides an extended analysis of the child labor problem in the artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM) sector, focusing specifically on the situation in sub-Saharan Africa. In recent years, the issue of child labor in ASM has garnered significant attention from the International Labor Organization (ILO), which has been particularly active in raising public awareness of the problem; and, has proceeded to implement policies and collaborative project work aimed at curtailing children's participation in ASM activities in a number of African countries. The analysis concludes with a critical appraisal of an ILO project recently launched in the Talensi–Nabdam District in the Upper East Region of Ghana, which sheds light on how the child labor problem is being tackled in practice in ASM communities in sub-Saharan Africa.