21世纪中小学校长素质浅谈

中小学校长是完成我国“十五”教育发展重点这一历史任务的中坚力量,他们的整体素质与工作状态直接影响我国基础教育的改革与发展。因此应当围绕新世纪中小学校长应具备的素质提出构想。     

会计信息化对传统会计的影响

会计信息化是信息技术运用于会计上的变革,它代表的是一种与现代信息技术环境相适应的新的会计思想.这种新的会计思想将对传统会计中的会计假设、会计原则、会计职能、财务报告产生一系列影响.这就要求会计的所有领域充分依靠和应用现代信息技术,对传统会计领域的工作、内容、方法、程序进行重整,通过会计与信息技术的融合来满足社会的管理要求.     

教师教育的主旨：培养创新能力——陶行知教育思想管窥

借鉴陶行知的教育思想对教师教育的改革进行了深入的思考,当前教师教育专业毕业生在一定程度上缺乏革新基础教育的精神,现代教师不仅要具备完善的知识结构和能力结构,更应该具备改革和创新的精神及能力。教师教育的主旨是培养具有创新能力的教师,培养具有创新能力的教师应采取一些切实可行的对策。     

Five Star Teacher: In-Service on the Move

Teachers learned knowledge, skills, values, and dispositions through spending significant amounts of time working with heritage sites as they learned more about social studies. Elementary social studies teachers engaged in teacher in-service to increase their abilities to meet geography standards. Teacher professional development that caused instructors to engage with cultural and historic sites benefited them and should be considered as well as other models of teacher in-service. Teachers used study travel opportunities to engage in geographic investigation and exploration to accomplish inquiry. Teachers determined that extended time was required to experience the place, to value it, and to harbor the disposition to teach about it; they learned in-depth content from spending time on-site, and they learned skills to extract knowledge from site through reading the landscape. Teachers encountered multiple perspectives, technology, and controversial issues through their studies of regions in the Ohio River Valley. Teachers of elementary social studies may wish to consider this type of professional development to understand a sense of place and how it relates to the curriculum they teach.     

Elementary Preservice Teachers’ and Teacher Educators’ Perceptions of Financial Literacy Education

The authors conducted an online survey of elementary teacher education programs within a large midwestern state to assess preservice teachers’ and teacher educators’ beliefs about and preparedness to teach financial literacy. Very few preservice teachers had meaningful experiences with personal finance in high school, college, or personal decision making. No teacher educators reported ever teaching financial literacy in their higher education roles. Only 13% of teacher educators and 25% of preservice teachers thought that it was very important to teach financial literacy in elementary education. Most teacher education faculty and preservice teachers reported that they were not well qualified to use state economics standards or the JumpStart standards for financial literacy. Preservice teachers were more confident in meeting financial literacy standards than teacher educators. Both preservice teachers and teacher educators expressed openness to collaborating with other faculty members, members of the financial service industry, and parents to teach financial literacy. Follow-up phone interviews affirmed that elementary preservice teachers and teacher educators value social studies education (and financial literacy) less than reading and mathematics education. Qualitative results also suggest that elementary preservice teachers and teacher educators would like more easily accessible resources for teaching financial literacy.     

未来的理想汉字

呼唤了百余年的汉字改革近年来渐趋冷落,其实人们对现有汉字仍有强烈的改革愿望。过去的文改路线是先准备条件,最终用拉丁化拼音文字取代汉字。实践证明这条道路是走不通的。汉字改革应运用形声造字原理,使所有汉字改造成为保持传统汉字风格,规则性很强,便于记忆的音节方块字。新汉字由意旁、基本音符和调符三部件组构而成,意旁标示义类科学、合理,基本音符和调符标音准确、确定,没有变化复杂的多音多义字。新汉字推行后,估计小孩入学不到三年就可全部学会掌握,成人掌握更快,它将给中国文化教育事业带来革命性的影响。     

Teacher–Child Relationships from Kindergarten to Sixth Grade: Early Childhood Predictors of Teacher-perceived Conflict and Closeness

This article examined general trends in teacher-reported conflict and closeness among 878 children from kindergarten through sixth grade, and examined early childhood characteristics that predict differences in initial levels and growth of conflict and closeness over time. Results indicated modest stability of teacher-perceived conflict and closeness through sixth grade, with relatively greater stability in perceptions of conflict. Levels of conflict at kindergarten were higher for children who were male, Black, had greater mean hours of childcare, had lower academic achievement scores, and had greater externalizing behavior. Children identified as Black and those with less sensitive mothers were at greater risk for increased conflict with teachers over time. Levels of teacher-reported closeness were lower when children were male, had lower quality home environments, and had lower academic achievement scores. The gap in closeness ratings between males and females increased in the middle elementary school years. Additional analyses were conduced to explore differences in teacher ratings of conflict between Black and White students.     

校长领导行为对小学教师集体效能的影响

为了探讨校长领导行为与小学教师集体效能之间的关系，采用校长领导行为描述问卷与教师集体效能量表作为研究工具，随机调查了37所学校的466名小学教师。结论发现：1．关心人与教师集体效能之间存在显著正相关，但关心任务与教师集体效能之间的相关未达到显著水平。2．在对教师集体效能的回归模型中，关心人进入到预测教师集体效能总分和教学任务分析的回归模型，而校长领导行为对教学能力评价具有一定的预测作用。     

Enrolment in initial courses in statistics: An exploratory study

In January 1981 a questionnaire was sent to 102 universities and colleges in Canada and the United States seeking information on enrolment in initial courses in statistics. That questionnaire has been analyzed and the results are presented in this paper.     

四川藏区小学教育办学模式选择

四川藏区自然环境恶劣 ,经济落后 ,社会分工不发达 ,文化以传统为主。小学教育以走读制为主。长期的办学经验表明 :走读制不适应四川藏区的特殊情况。因为走读制在四川藏区的实施产生出大量师生极少的单班学校。单班学校对四川藏区现代教育造成四个方面的消极影响 :(1)教育经费更加紧张 ;(2 )人才流失 ,师资质量下降 ;(3)未能形成基于班级授课制的规模化学校 ;(4)社会教育环节薄弱。若能实施以寄宿制为主的办学模式 ,则可解决走读制产生的问题