酒能成事,酒亦能败事--《水浒传》人物情商研究之四

酒能激发人的情绪，情绪管理得如何，则取决于饮者的情商水平。透过《水浒传》中酒文化的描写，读者可以深刻地感受到其间各个人物情商的种种表现。武松嗜酒惹是非，又因醉后打虎成英雄；鲁达两次酗酒犯寺规，宋江不胜酒力吟反诗，李逵贪杯被捉，朱贵兄弟借助酒力救李逵，真应了“酒能成事，酒亦能败事”的格言。让嗜酒者克制酒瘾，控制好饮酒后兴奋度的根本方法，还是要努力培养和提高管理自己情绪的能力。     

How Mood and Task Complexity Affect Children's Recognition of Others' Emotions

Previous studies examined how mood affects children's accuracy in matching emotional expressions and labels (label‐based tasks). This study was the first to assess how induced mood (positive, neutral, or negative) influenced five‐ to eight‐year‐olds' accuracy and reaction time using both context‐based tasks, which required inferring a character's emotion from a vignette, and label‐based tasks. Both tasks required choosing one of four facial expressions to respond. Children responded more accurately to label‐based questions relative to context‐based questions at the age of five to seven, but showed no differences at the age of eight, and when the emotional expression being identified was happiness, sadness, or surprise, but not disgust. For the context‐based questions, children were more accurate at inferring sad and disgusted emotions compared with happy and surprised emotions. Induced positive mood facilitated five‐year‐olds' processing (decreased reaction time) in both tasks compared with induced negative and neutral moods. Results demonstrate how task type and children's mood influence children's emotion processing at different ages.     

援气入情，互补互化——中国传统文化视野中的情气关系辨析

“儿女情多，风云气少”与“使气飞动”分别是钟嵘对张华部分诗歌与元兢对王融诗歌“霜气下孟津”的评语。通过对所评之诗的对比，可以看出，在诗歌创作中，文气对文情有着重要的影响。虽然气有人气与文气的分别，但二者在内涵上有着最终追求的一致性，而且可以实现对情感抒发的引领与超越，使抒情脱离宣泄与绮靡。所以在文学创作中，应该主动追求气的涵养，并援气入情，做到情与气的互补互化。     

儒家道德自觉的伦理设计

在儒家的视野中,道德情感是道德自觉得以成立和维持的基础,是其原动力,人性善和天人合一奠定了它的理论基础,"敬"与"静"的修养工夫是实现道德自觉的途径,而身、心、家、国的相互转化,是主体认识和发展自我、实现道德自觉的重要原因。     

以策略训练为基础的外语教学对阅读理解的影响

以策略训练为基础的外语教学能有效地提高学生的阅读能力，尤其在理解文章中心思想和判断推理能力方面有较大提高。对提高学生自主学习能力有积极作用。该研究还为大学英语教学提供了可借鉴的启示。     

基于生态文明观的中西消费文化比较与建设启示

生态文明关系到人类社会发展与资源环境的可持续发展,也是近年国家政策和攸关民生的焦点。从生态文明观的视角来分析中西消费文化的不同,目的就是要通过分析中西方消费思想的保守性和开放性、消费情智的感性与理性、消费对象的物质性与精神性和消费理念的对立性与统一性的区别,对我国的消费文化提出落实顶层设计、加强政府监管、重构企业文化、加强公众生态教育等方面的建设性意见。     

Sex and Gender Implications in Cases of Elder Abuse

This paper focuses on caregiving which has failed. Although little attention has been given to the role of sex and gender in elder abuse, an analysis of 77 cases of elder abuse seen in the Detroit area in 1981 revealed that both factors play a role in generating elder abuse, neglect, or exploitation, or in determining its form. Gender issues included: patterns of spouse abuse in old a e; gender differences in the types of abuse/neglect/exploitation wfich were perpetrated; gender concerns of the abuser which generate abuse; and sex or gender discrimination as a type of abuse of the elderly. Sexual factors observed included: parent-child incest; marital rape in old age; and problems of sexual malfunction which helped to generate the abuse. Suggestions for improved professional identification and management of elder abuse cases are made.     

Caregiver Emotional Expressiveness,Child Emotion Regulation,and Child Behavior Problems among Head Start Families

The present study examined the relationships between caregivers' self‐reported positive and negative emotional expressiveness, observer assessments of children's emotion regulation, and teachers' reports of children's internalizing and externalizing behaviors in a sample of 97 primarily African American and Hispanic Head Start families. Results indicated that higher caregiver negativity and lower child emotion regulation independently predicted more internalizing behavior problems in children. Additionally, children's externalizing behavior problems were negatively predicted by caregivers' self‐reports of positive emotional expressiveness. Importantly, results also suggested that caregivers' emotional expressiveness and children's behavioral problems may be non‐linearly related, and that child gender may play an important moderating role. These results emphasize the importance of family emotional climate and child emotion regulation in the behavioral development of preschool‐age children, and highlight the need for improved theoretical and practical understanding of socioemotional development in diverse populations.     

European‐American and African‐American Mothers' Emotion Socialization Practices Relate Differently to Their Children's Academic and Social‐emotional Competence

The current study examines whether the relation between mothers' responses to their children's negative emotions and teachers' reports of children's academic performance and social‐emotional competence are similar or different for European‐American and African‐American families. Two hundred mothers (137 European‐American, 63 African‐American) reported on their responses to their five‐year‐old children's negative emotions and 150 kindergarten teachers reported on these children's current academic standing and skillfulness with peers. Problem‐focused responses to children's negative emotions, which have traditionally been considered a supportive response, were positively associated with children's school competence for European‐American children, but expressive encouragement, another response considered supportive, was negatively associated with children's competence for African‐American children. The findings highlight the need to examine parental socialization practices from a culturally specific lens.     

商店形象、顾客情绪与购物价值——理论模型及实证检验

以414名百货商店消费者为调查对象,通过结构方程模型对商店形象、顾客情绪与购物价值的关系机理进行了实证分析。结果表明,商店形象通过顾客情绪对购物价值产生积极的影响作用。其中,商店形象的六维度对愉悦情绪有积极影响,而对唤起情绪有积极影响的只有服务形象、氛围形象和促销形象,并且,顾客的唤起情绪积极影响愉悦情绪。同时,顾客的愉悦情绪对购物价值三维度均有积极影响,而唤起情绪仅对享乐性和社会性购物价值有积极影响。这些研究结论对零售企业具有管理启示作用。