The Role of Child Emotionality in Child Behavior and Maternal Instruction on Planning Tasks

This study explored the relation of children's emotional functioning to children's behavior during individual planning and mother's and children's behaviors during joint planning. Participants were 118 mothers and their second‐grade children. Mothers rated children on their emotional intensity and children rated themselves on their use of emotion regulation strategies. Children and mother–child dyads were videotaped during planning tasks and independent observers rated their behavior. Child emotional intensity was directly related to children being less engaged in the task and to an emphasis in maternal instruction on regulatory behaviors. Some types of emotion regulation strategies modified these relations. Findings suggest that child emotionality may play an important role in the early school years in children's opportunities to learn during social‐cognitive activity.     

Siblings as Confidants: Emotional Understanding, Relationship Warmth, and Sibling Self-Disclosure

Associations among (a) self-disclosures between early adolescent siblings, (b) emotional understanding, and (c) relationship warmth were investigated. Grade 5–6 children (M age = 11.5 years) were interviewed concerning the incidence of disclosures to closest-in-age siblings (20 = older, 20 = younger), feelings regarding disclosing (or not), and sibling relationship quality. Warmth was measured with the Sibling Relationship Questionnaire (Furman & Buhrmester, 1985) and emotional understanding was assessed with the Hypothetical Relationships Picture Task (adapted from Schneider, 1989, & Aquan-Assee, 1992). Hierarchical multiple regressions indicated self-disclosure was positively associated with feeling good about sharing and negatively associated with reports of not trusting or not receiving emotional support from their sibling. Sibling relationship warmth was a key characteristic associated with both emotional understanding and self-disclosure; female target children demonstrated greater emotional understanding. Warmth, but not emotional understanding, was associated with self-disclosure. Findings are discussed in light of the importance of links between affective relationships and children's social-emotional understanding.     

Alternative Medicine and Herbal Use Among University Students

Abstract

Objective: This study sought to (1) examine perceived stress and resources to cope with stress as predictors of emotional eating during the transition to college and (2) determine whether body mass index (BMI) moderated the emotional eating-stress relationship. Participants: Participants were 97 college freshmen (73% female; BMI: M = 25.3 kg/m², SD = 5.7 kg/m²). Research was conducted in September 2012. Methods: Participants completed the Perceived Stress Scale, Emotional Eating Scale, and Eating and Appraisal Due to Emotions and Stress Questionnaire during the first month of college. Height and weight were measured objectively. Results: BMI moderated the relationship between perceived stress and emotional eating. Higher stress predicted greater emotional eating for the lower BMI groups, but not the highest group. Greater resources to cope with stress predicted lower emotional eating. Conclusions: Greater perceived stress and poorer resources to cope with stress may contribute to emotional eating during the transition to college. The relationship between perceived stress and emotional eating may vary by BMI.     

The Impact of Migration on the Gendering of Service Work: The Case of a West London Hotel

This article responds to a call from Kerfoot and Korczynski to investigate the gendering of service sector employment. As a characteristic of many post‐industrial economies in the global North is the growing significance of migrant workers, this article investigates the impact of migration for work on the gendering of service work. Taking the embodied and emotional labour of workers to be fundamental to service work, it describes how these are refracted and produced through migration. The article draws on 60 interviews with workers in a west London hotel who were born abroad and the human resources staff and managers who are responsible for the recruitment and promotion of the workforce. We argue that migration is an important process in the construction of the contemporary workforce in post‐industrial service economies and that migration status should be understood as intersecting with gender in the production of a gendered performance at work.     

Halin图的边列表染色

Halin图是3－连通平面图，且存在一个面，去掉与该面关联的边后是一棵树。图的边列表染色是任给图G的每条边e配一颜色集合L（e），满足｜L（e）｜=k，k为某确定整数，G的每条边若均可着从L（e）中选择出的一种颜色，使得任一关联的边对着色不同，则称G是k一边可选择的，min（k）称为G的边选择数或边列表色数，记（G）。本文对Halin图证明了列表染色猜想在Δ≠3时成立。即xL=x。     

论情感育人在大学生思想政治教育中的特殊效应

情感育人的特殊效应就是通过情感的交流,对教育对象实施"情感激发",使教育对象完成思想的转化和升华.在情感育人的过程中,教育者应从学生的实际需要出发,捕捉学生的思想闪光点,通过网络技术,运用情感育人,发挥情感育人的最大效应,获得思想政治教育的最佳效果.     

Emotional Empathy as Related to Mimicry Reactions at Different Levels of Information Processing

The hypotheses of this investigation were based on conceiving of facial mimicry reactions in face-to-face interactions as an early automatic component in the process of emotional empathy. Differences between individuals high and low in emotional empathy were investigated. The parameters compared were facial mimicry reactions, as represented by electromyographic (EMG) activity, when individuals were exposed to pictures of angry or happy faces. The present study distinguished between spontaneous facial reactions and facial expressions associated with more controlled or modulated emotions at different information processing levels, first at a preattentive level and then consecutively at more consciously controlled levels: 61 participants were exposed to pictures at three different exposure times (17, 56, and 2350 ms). A significant difference in facial mimicry reactions between high- and low-empathy participants emerged at short exposure times (56 ms), representing automatic, spontaneous reactions, with high-empathy participants showing a significant mimicking reaction. The low-empathy participants did not display mimicking at any exposure time. On the contrary, the low-empathy participants showed, in response to angry faces, a tendency to an elevated activation in the cheek region, which often is associated with smiling.     

情绪与记忆相互关系研究述评

情绪和记忆的关系一直是认知心理学非常关注的问题,也是目前记忆研究和情绪研究中的一个热点。文章讨论了元记忆与情绪智力两者之间的相互关系的理论依据,以及研究需要进一步探讨的新领域。     

人的现代化与人的情感需要——转型期两性情感现状的理性思考

主体性是现代人的本质特征.人走向现代化的过程是主体性逐渐宏扬的过程.个人情感需求体现人的主体性.正确看待我国现代化过程中的情感危机现象,肯定转型期人的多种情感需求的合理性,但必须通过道德理性提升人的需要层次,使人的主体性的情感需要与社会道德之间保持合理张力,让人性在社会有序运转条件下得以一定程度的"释放".这样,才能真正实现人的现代化和社会的现代化.     

赋体与诗体之关系论略

纵观赋的发生与发展,从“赋者,古诗之流”开始,继而发展成独立的文体,与诗的关系始终是相分又相合。赋不断从诗体中吸取养分,使体物铺叙和诗意抒情相融合,推动自身向更为完善的形态发展。同时,赋所具有的铺陈手法及俳偶特点也给了诗以影响,从而丰富了诗歌的表现手段。