Gender discrimination and career decision-making difficulties among female Chinese college students: The buffering role of coping styles

The current study examined the relationship between gender discrimination and a form of career decision-making difficulties: emotional and personality-related career decision-making difficulties among female Chinese college students. It further examined the buffering effect of coping styles on the above relationship. A series of hierarchical regression analyses were conducted on a sample of 1427 female Chinese college students from 19 universities located in different regions in China. Results indicated that only suppressive style of coping served as a buffer on the relationship between gender discrimination and career decision-making difficulties. Also, gender discrimination, reflective style of coping, and reactive style of coping were positively associated with career decision-making difficulties. These results supported the need to develop career interventions focusing on discussion of gender discrimination, its impact on one's career decisions, as well as teaching distraction coping strategies in reducing the negative impact of gender discrimination on career decision-making difficulties among female Chinese college students.     

When it is better to give than to receive: Children's giving and happiness

Humans experience emotional benefits from engaging in prosocial behavior. The current work investigates factors that influence the experience of happiness from giving to others in early childhood. In three studies with 5-year-olds (N = 144), we find that young children are happier from giving resources to others than from receiving resources for themselves (Study 1) and investigate when children are most happy from giving. In Study 2, children were happier when they could see the beneficiary's positive reaction, suggesting that empathizing with the beneficiary's positive emotion contributes to happiness (consistent with the concept of vicarious-joy). In Study 3, children were happier after they gave resources than when they watched someone else give resources, indicating that being responsible for prosocial action contributes to children's happiness (consistent with the concept of warm-glow). These results provide a critical step toward understanding when children experience happiness from giving and a foundation for investigating happiness as a mechanism supporting early prosociality.     

Variability and change in adolescents' prosocial behavior across multiple time scales

We examined variability and change in adolescents' prosocial behaviors directed to peers and friends across four time scales: two-years, one-year, two-monthly, and daily. Data from three longitudinal datasets with a total of 569 adolescents (55.7% girl, M_age = 15.23, SD = 3.90) were included. The overall time-related stability of prosocial behavior across time scales was moderate to excellent. Variability did not differ between early (age 10–15) and late (age 16–21) adolescence, but late adolescence was associated with higher mean levels of prosociality. Finally, results indicated that prosocial behaviors measured over longer periods (i.e., two-years and one-year) were positively associated with cognitive processes (perspective taking), whereas prosocial behaviors measured over shorter periods (i.e., two-monthly) were positively associated with affective processes (empathy).     

幼儿教师正念与情绪劳动的关系研究

本研究以5所幼儿园的120名幼儿教师为研究对象,采用正念五因素量表和情绪劳动量表为研究工具,探究幼儿教师正念与情绪劳动的关系。结果发现幼儿教师正念的各个维度之间具有不均衡性,其中有觉知的行动得分最高,不判断得分最低;幼儿教师情绪劳动中自然行为得分最高,表层行为得分最低。不同年龄班的幼儿教师情绪劳动得分存在显著差异,大班幼儿教师情绪劳动显著高于中班幼儿教师;不同正念水平的幼儿教师之间情绪劳动存在显著差异,高正念水平的幼儿教师和中等正念水平的幼儿教师使用自然行为显著多于低正念水平的幼儿教师,高正念水平的幼儿教师使用深层行为显著多于低正念水平的幼儿教师;正念与自然行为、深层行为存在显著相关,正念对情绪劳动的自然行为预测效应为8.8%,正念对情绪劳动的深层行为预测效应为7.1%。     

民族元素与共同体想象交融的美学镜像——万玛才旦电影论

万玛才旦是21世纪“藏地新浪潮”电影的执牛耳者，其以作家兼导演双重身份借光影展开民族与世界的对话。观万玛近十部影片，主题聚焦于藏区生活，以启蒙与反启蒙的镜像留白来呈现文化的承递、交融、断裂与反思;视听空间彰显民族性，民族元素由表及里立体糅合，高原景观、藏文化、藏艺术等多向度表达一个“真实”的藏区;镜像格调极具辨识度，象征、简约的构图习惯，互文的阐释方法，重复镜像的虚实消解等显示出万玛的镜像标签，同时作者电影主体性与类型化存在对弈;尝试以民族与世界对话的光影方式介入共同体想象，由个体人情感指向人类共通情感，藉此实现美学共同体。     

Child and Youth Coaching in families experiencing complex and multiple problems: A longitudinal evaluation study

Studies investigating services for families experiencing complex and multiple problems have emphasized the need for more child-centred support. The aim of this longitudinal study was to investigate whether providing child-centred services (Child and Youth Coaching) combined with family-focused services (Ten for the Future) is effective for children growing up in families experiencing complex and multiple problems. Children's psychosocial skills, emotional and behavioural problems, and the quality of their pedagogical environment were measured at baseline, 6 months and 12 months. Parent and coach reports of children indicated for Child and Youth Coaching (n = 57) and nonindicated children (n = 18) were analysed using repeated measures multilevel models. Both parents and coaches reported improved psychosocial skills of children, but changes were only significant for coach reports. In both reports, no significant decrease in emotional and behavioural problems was observed for both indicated and nonindicated children. Many children still experienced considerable problems at case closure. Furthermore, no significant improvement in quality of the pedagogical environment was observed in both groups. Given the limitations in this study, more research is needed to identify whether these findings can be replicated and attributed to the Child and Youth Coaching and Ten for the Future programmes.     

农村3-6岁幼儿接受性语言能力与情感社会性、数学认知能力的关系

农村幼儿;接受性语言能力;情感社会性;数学认知能力     

Object relations couple therapy for a married Korean man with sexual dysfunction

This study uses James Donovan's object relations couple therapy to examine the triangle of focus (conflict style, couple characteristics, and family of origin) and triangle of conflict (anxiety, defence mechanisms, and hidden emotions) of a married Korean man with sexual dysfunction (reduced sexual desire, premature ejaculation, and erectile dysfunction). This qualitative study uses thematic analysis to identify, describe, and analyse a family therapy case study. The aim of this study is to examine the couple's interaction patterns and experiences of conflicts related to the husband's erectile dysfunction. The researchers induced patterns or topics by repeatedly reading and comparing the data. Then, they textualised and analysed the relevant data. To ensure the reliability and validity of the data analysis, the researchers conducted shared coding sessions to review and discuss the initial codes and the generated main themes and subthemes, triangulating the qualitative data. Findings show that a newlywed husband's sexual dysfunction is associated with his emotional resistance towards his wife's unilateral pursuit over their sexual relationship and the negative emotions triggered by their dysfunctional interactions. Further, couple characteristics, conflict style (dysfunctional interactions), and family-of-origin factors (transference and patrilocality) influenced their sexual relationship. Therefore, therapists who counsel Korean couples with sexual issues may pay attention to the sociocultural factors, interactional patterns, and psychological factors associated with unresolved issues with their families of origin.     

从"意见领袖"到"情感领袖":微博意见领袖的情感特征研究

微博中的意见领袖不仅是意见、认知和信息的扩散节点,也扮演着社会"情感领袖"的角色,并体现出鲜明的情感偏向特征,尤其是特定类型的情感传导.基于对新浪微博用户(N=38985)及其每人1000条帖子的采样,对情感和用户类型进行实证分析.研究结果认为:粉丝数越多的微博用户其"情感化"偏向显著增强,而非情感化、无情感的内容显著减少,意见领袖不是冷静、客观、无情感的信息中介,而体现出"后真相"社会情感策动源的特征;微博意见领袖存在特定的情感类型偏向,不是任一种类的情感的加强都与意见领袖地位提升有关,它只偏倚于特定类型;微博情感领袖存在特定的用户类型偏向,进行k-means方式聚类后发现,粉丝量越多、影响力层级越高的用户中,"怒怼型"的比例较高,而其他类型则相对较低.