社会观点采择对幼儿劝说策略的影响：移情的中介作用

为探究幼儿劝说策略的发展现状及社会观点采择、移情对幼儿劝说策略的影响机制,采用情境实验法对辽宁省某市 150 名4-7 岁幼儿进行调查。结果显示：不同年龄、面对不同劝说对象以及不同劝说任务的幼儿在劝说策略得分上存在显 著差异;幼儿社会观点采择、移情、劝说策略两两显著正向相关,且幼儿社会观点采择与移情能够显著正向预测幼儿劝说 策略;移情在幼儿社会观点采择与劝说策略之间起部分中介作用。为提升幼儿劝说策略的发展水平,应为幼儿创设良好 的社会交往环境,增强幼儿社会观点采择能力;丰富幼儿的情感体验,提升幼儿移情水平。     

Predicting empathy in helping professionals: comparison of social work and nursing students

There is a growing trend in social work to produce social work students who demonstrate empathy. Empathy levels in social work students are not well-researched, especially in comparison with students in other helping professions. This cross-sectional study explored the relationship between empathy, self-esteem, and work engagement in 472 undergraduate and graduate students in the helping professions. Comparisons between BSW, MSW, and nursing students found overall high levels of affective empathy. Graduate MSW and nursing students scored higher than BSW students on most empathy constructs, self-esteem, work engagement, and had more work and volunteer experiences. A hierarchical multiple regression model was used to assess predictors of comprehensive empathy. Significant predictors of comprehensive empathy, as measured by the Empathy Assessment Index, included volunteer experience, work engagement, and affective empathy. Demographic variables such as age, gender, ethnicity, and years of work were non-significant predictors. Different constructs of empathy emerged, and implications of how empathy is relevant to social work practice are discussed with recommendations for social work education.     

Social media,empathy and interpersonal skills: social work students’ reflections in the digital era

ABSTRACT

This paper examines second-year social work students’ (n = 19) reflections on empathy as part of an interpersonal skills course at a regional university in Australia. Students were asked to consider their personal, online and classroom experiences, before responding to a reflective learning prompt: ‘Online communication is killing connection: (the Facebook Like symbol) does not equal empathy’. Qualitative analysis of their responses identified tensions between students’ engagement with social media and their developing understandings of empathy. Students reported an ease and confidence in the use of social media, but were also aware of the risks associated with perceived anonymity, shifting boundaries and an absence of audial and verbal cues in establishing context and quality of communication. Their reflections also suggested that the range of stimulus material used in the interpersonal skills course—including podcasts—had increased their social media awareness and their desire to improve their online interpersonal skills. The implications for professional and pedagogical objectives, as well as curriculum design are discussed.     

Upholding social justice: Obligation or optional extra in social work? Critical reflections on a classroom-based inquiry

Internationally, the pursuit of social justice is core to social work and social work education. In Australia, since British colonization, Indigenous peoples have suffered significant human rights violations, oppression, and racial discrimination. Some key literature suggests that cultivating empathy can facilitate action to challenge human rights violations and reduce racism. Previous research with social work students at a regional Australian university had revealed least empathy for vignettes featuring cultural differences. A classroom-based inquiry in 2014 exploring barriers for students to take an activist stance for social justice extended that previous research. Here, those findings are further pondered in relation to advancing social work education for socially just practice.     

Pedagogies of discomfort and empathy in multicultural teacher education

To show the potential and limitations of pedagogies of discomfort and empathy in anti-racist and multicultural teacher education, this paper engages in an in-depth analysis of two ‘critical moments’ that are drawn from a series of teacher workshops. The purpose of the analysis is to show how discomfort and empathy may be combined together pedagogically in the context of multicultural and antiracist teacher education. The contribution to the literature is to highlight the importance of foregrounding attention to teachers’ discomfort and its pedagogical implications in multicultural teacher education.     

Disentangling the Frequency and Severity of Bullying and Victimization in the Association with Empathy

This study disentangled the frequency and perceived severity of experienced bullying and victimization by investigating their associations with cognitive and affective empathy. Participants were 800 children (7–12 years old) from third‐ to fifth‐grade classrooms who completed self‐report measures of the frequency and perceived severity of their bullying and victimization and of cognitive and affective empathy. Results showed that the frequency and perceived severity of bullying were moderately correlated in the entire sample but unrelated within the subsample of bullies. Frequency and perceived severity of victimization were significantly and positively correlated in the entire sample (moderate effect) and the subsample of victims (small effect). Frequent, but not severe, bullies reported less cognitive empathy than non‐bullies whereas both frequent and severe victims reported more affective empathy than non‐victims. Within subsamples of bullies and victims, frequency of bullying was negatively associated with cognitive and affective empathy, and perceived severity of bullying was positively associated with affective empathy. Frequency of victimization was not associated with cognitive and affective empathy, but perceived severity of victimization was positively associated with both forms of empathy.     

汉语人称指示语语用移情的语境关系顺应分析

汉语人称指示语的使用与理解具有很强的语境依赖性，并且在特定语境下它们还具有丰富的人际功能，而非仅仅用于传递信息。本文依据顺应理论并借助汉语会话和书面语料，讨论了汉语人称指示语的顺应性及其语用移情策略在语境关系，即心理世界、社交世界和物理世界构建中的使用，意在说明汉言语交际中人称指示语的选择和语用移情策略的使用是人际关系适应和顺应的过程，能对完成言语交际起到积极的促进作用。     

What's in the Drawer?

ABSTRACT

Much current museum theory and practice emphasizes the importance of storytelling and the inclusion of multiple perspectives in richly layered museum interpretations, with a key objective being the elicitation of empathy for the lives and personal interactions of people in other times and places. Yet in the process museum objects themselves can often appear to recede in significance, appearing as little more than illustrations rather than the complex, material entities they actually are. This article explores the power of objects and of active ways of discovering them, in the setting of the University of Oxford's Pitt Rivers Museum. Visitors can open glass-topped drawers underneath a number of the display cases and find themselves gazing on artifacts in storage: some with museum labels visible and legible, others not. This discovery of the objects is actively performed and, while objects cannot be removed for handling, facilitates their imagined, non-visual exploration. It is also a process in which, the article suggests, proprioception is of particular interest. Overall the drawers offer, the article submits, the possibility for variously pleasing, alienating, surprising, or reassuring encounters with the potential to enhance the museum experience.     

英语学习者语用移情能力与语言能力的性别差异化及相关性研究

以南通航运职业技术学院123名英语学习者为研究对象,通过实证研究,对其语用移情能力和语言能力在性别上的差异及两者的相关性进行分析并归纳相关成因。用SPSS17.0对相关数据进行描述性分析、独立样本T检验和相关性分析。调查结果显示,语用移情能力和语言能力均具有性别差异,女生明显优于男生;学习者的语用移情能力和语言能力相关程度弱,基本不相关。     

Introduction: 21st-Century Conceptualizations of Empathy: Implications for Social Work Practice and Research

ABSTRACT

The articles in this special section seek to better define empathy, discuss how it can be cultivated, and highlight how empathy can strengthen families and empower adolescents. The authors encourage a greater understanding and application of the concept and offer implications regarding how empathy can create insights that help practitioners develop services and policies and further research efforts that are socially and economically just, sensitive to clients’ needs, and based on the reality of their experiences. The introduction to the section discusses the underlying motivation for the focus on empathy and provides an overview of each of the five articles.