The Role of Child Emotional Responsiveness and Maternal Negative Emotion Expression in Children's Coping Strategy Use

This study examined the additive and interactive effects of children's trait vicarious emotional responsiveness and maternal negative emotion expression on children's use of coping strategies. Ninety‐five children (mean age = 5.87 years) and their mothers and teachers participated in the study. The mothers reported on their own negative emotion expression and the children's empathic concern and personal distress tendencies. The mothers and teachers reported on the children's use of avoidant, support‐seeking, and aggressive‐venting coping strategies. Empathic concern was positively associated with the children's use of support seeking and negatively associated with the children's use of aggressive venting, whereas personal distress showed the opposite pattern of associations. Maternal negative emotion expression moderated some associations between the children's emotional responsiveness and coping. These findings support the hypothesis that children's tendencies to experience empathic concern or personal distress indicate functionally distinct styles of emotional arousal that may have broader consequences for socially competent behavior in response to normative stressors.     

试论移就在汉英语言中的运用

移就是汉英语言中使用较为普遍的一种修辞方法 ,它具有生动、形象、用词简练、出人意外、引人入胜的效果 ,且能使读者产生丰富的联想 ,语言的表现力很强。它是人们表达思想和情感的有效的语言手段。文章从形态上分析了移就修辞格在汉英语言中的运用 ,并比较了该辞格在两种语言中的异同     

《夜宴》：文化隐喻的拼贴与改写

《夜宴》是冯小刚为赢得世界市场所着意策划的一部影片。它一改导演原有风格,采取大片策略,并把世界上诸文化元素拼贴进来作为商业卖点,借此召唤各种文化背景下的观众介入影片的观赏。各种不同文本的链接,使该片显现出典型的后现代性。但该片与前此的几部中国大片所共有的症结在于,只考虑到大片的视听奇观效果,而未把视听奇观所造成的生理震撼推及人类共有的心理移情,使之产生心灵震撼,造成观众与角色情感上的间离性。     

Beating the virus: an examination of the crisis communication approach taken by New Zealand Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern during the Covid-19 pandemic

ABSTRACT

The Covid-19 pandemic has severely tested the leadership and communication abilities of political leaders globally. Guiding an effective response to the global pandemic has required leaders to demonstrate not only effective planning and coordination skills, but the ability to communicate clear consistent messages in an empathetic manner as well. In New Zealand the first confirmed case of Covid-19 was recorded on February 28 and over the course of March and April 2020, 1,132 further cases of Covid-19 were confirmed and 19 deaths – a much lower transmission rate than most industrialized nations. On 27 April 2020, New Zealand Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern announced that they had won the battle against community transmission of Covid-19. This paper analyses the speeches and public statements (n = 40) made by Prime Minister Ardern in March and April 2020 through the lens of crisis leadership and crisis communication. In particular, it looks at the use of different mediums (parliamentary statements, daily briefings, Facebook Live broadcasts and podcasts) as mechanisms for engaging in narrative and dialogue with the public. The paper underscores the importance of communication in crisis management and looks at how positive and consistent messaging inspires confidence and social solidarity.     

隐性德育发挥功能的心理机制分析

隐性德育与显性德育相对,是指方式较为隐蔽、无意识的德育途径。其发挥出功能的心理机制可以从道德认知、道德情感和道德行为三个方面来阐述,有暗示、选择过滤器、集体无意识、移情、罗森塔尔效应、归属、感染、模仿、从众和责任扩散。     

浅议“共情”在辅导员谈心工作中的适用

本文尝试引入心理咨询和治疗中的"共情"技术,阐述"共情"在辅导员谈心工作中的重要作用。积极探索如何在辅导员谈心过程中有效适用。     

Identity Styles and Interpersonal Behavior in Emerging Adulthood: The Intervening Role of Empathy

This study examined the intervening role of empathy in the relations between identity styles (i.e., information‐oriented, normative, and diffuse‐avoidant styles), and inter‐personal behaviors (i.e., prosocial behavior, self‐ and other‐oriented helping, and physical and relational aggression). In a sample of 341 emerging adults, it was found that an information‐oriented style relates to a more adaptive pattern of interpersonal behaviors whereas a normative or a diffuse‐avoidant identity style relate to a more maladaptive pattern of interpersonal behaviors. Empathy played an intervening role between the information‐oriented style and interpersonal behavior, and between the diffuse‐avoidant style and interpersonal behavior. However, empathy did not intervene between the normative style and interpersonal behavior. Implications for future research are discussed.     

Individual Differences in Infants' Emotional Resonance to a Peer in Distress: Self–Other Awareness and Emotion Regulation

In this study, relations between emotional resonance responses to another's distress, emotion regulation, and self‐other discrimination were investigated in infants three‐, six‐, and nine‐months‐old. We measured the emotional reactions to the pain cry of a peer, along with the ability to regulate emotions and to discriminate between self and other body movements. We found evidence that infants do regulate their emotional resonance responses to another's distress. This relation is age specific, with younger infants using more primitive self‐soothing behaviors, while in older participants attentional based strategies relate to affect sharing reactions. Only nine‐month‐old infants have shown self‐other differentiation abilities, and these were significantly connected to their emotions in response to a peer's distress. These findings have implications for our understanding of early empathy development.     

Physiological Regulation and Fearfulness as Predictors of Young Children's Empathy‐related Reactions

Indices of physiological regulation (i.e., resting respiratory sinus arrhythmia [RSA] and RSA suppression) and observed fearfulness were tested as predictors of empathy‐related reactions to an unfamiliar person's simulated distress within and across 18 (T1, N = 247) and 30 (T2, N = 216) months of age. Controlling for T1 helping, high RSA suppression and low fearfulness at T1 predicted T2 helping. In a structural model, empathic concern was marginally positively related to resting RSA at both assessments whereas personal distress was related to RSA suppression within time (marginally positively at T1 and significantly negatively at T2). Fearfulness was associated with self‐oriented, distress‐related reactions within time. Comfort seeking (an index of personal distress) declined in mean level with age whereas helping increased, and both behaviors exhibited differential continuity (as did resting RSA). Individual, as well as developmental, differences in the types of reactions that young children exhibit when witnessing others' suffering and distress were discussed.     

“山川与予神遇而迹化”——试解石涛有关艺术创作理论

本文主要从两方面集中阐释清代著名画家石涛关于艺术创作的理论 :一方面 ,艺术家从对外在造化的深入体验中收集素材和积累感受 ;另一方面 ,在前一基础上 ,艺术家的“心”与自然造化的内在精神之间达成一种瞬间的默契和融通 ,获得艺术创作的机缘。