Les agriculteurs dans la fabrique d'une nouvelle agriculture

The model of development that has governed the modernization of farming in France is increasingly coming under attack. Given this, analysing the “work” that farming performs to “translate” the criticisms with which it must cope in formulating new definitions of roles is important in order to understand changes under way in this sector. The changes undergone by farming over the past eighty years are briefly presented and then the procedures and results of a survey, conducted during the mad cow disease among beef-farmers in Burgundy, are described. Light is thus shed on the diversity of the positions that farmers have adopted with regard to the future of their occupation. An interpretation is proposed of how the distribution (and interplay between) these positions might affect agriculture. - Special issue on Agriculture and food.     

论民事证据法上的诚信原则

诚信原则在民法与民事诉讼法上具有十分重要的地位,其在民事证据法领域的适用在最高人民法院《关于民事诉讼证据的若干规定》中有所体现。现行立法关于举证时限与证据失权、证人真实义务、举证责任分配与证据审查判断的相关规则在一定程度上体现了诚信原则之精神,但远非完善。为了促进民事司法公正与效率的实现,不仅应该确立诚信原则在立法上的原则地位,而且要将其转化为可以操作的具体规范,以建立完善的诚信规则体系。     

Determinants of female labor force participation: A study of Seoul,South Korea, 1970–1980

This paper investigates the determinants of labor force participation of women living in male-headed households in Seoul, South Korea, at two points in time, 1970 and 1980. Analysis of data from the 1970 and 1980 Korean Population Censuses suggests that both women's educational level and the family economic status determine women's labor force participation in Seoul. Women with middle school education or above are more economically active than those with no education. Women from lower economic backgrounds are almost two to three times more likely to be employed than those in high-status families, controlling for age, number of children under 6, and marital status. However, this pattern is not found among women from the blue-collar wage-working families.An earlier version of this paper was presented at the 1988 meetings of the Population Association of America.     

关于中国封建经济结构

中国封建社会虽说是一种农业经济、自然经济,但商品经济却是它不可或缺的润滑剂、催化剂和动力。中国封建社会生产力的基础和主干是个体小生产农业,它要求土地与劳动力的紧密结合,自耕农便成为这种结合的最好形式,能够取得最大的经济效益,而地主土地所有制是以经济的手段与劳动者结合,也能取得较好的经济效益。在农业基础之上的是手工业和商业。城市和货币是中国经济结构涉及的两个特点,而凌驾于这一切之上的,是封建国家对经济的强大的控制与干预。     

Television and Violence in the Economy of Memory

The present paper aims to consider the cultural function of television as a technology for the creation of a public memory. The television system records past images, preserves them, and broadcasts various historical programs. A viewer owns the public memory jointly, through watching/consuming programs. However, the process of production and consumption of programs is linked with the exclusion of other historical memories from the public space. After all, the creation of public memories in depth is related to social power. Through the analysis in concrete terms of a series of programs of Project X and the second episode of the Nippon Hoso Kyokai (NHK; Japan Broadcasting Corporation) series, Special Edition: Judging War, the relationship between the organization of public memories and social power is explored. Project X depicts the challenges of engineers of middle standing who initiated new industrial and technological developments in the 1960s and 1970s. Special Edition: Judging War is based on coverage of the Women's International War Crimes Tribunal on Japan's Military Sexual Slavery. This program was subjected to revision on the eve of its broadcast. What forms of expression were eliminated? These two programs should help us define more clearly what the Japanese media selects for incorporation into the public memory.     

名词“时”形成发展的哲学意蕴——汉语词汇哲学研究一例

基于增辟一个本体论角度以研究汉语词汇及其发展规律的主张 ,从本体论角度对名词“时”的形成过程、词义引申、派生词系的基本动力和内在规律进行考察 ,认为中华先民立足农耕生活的实际 ,反思和筹划自己的生存方式、追求生存方式与自然环境的和谐统一 ,并使之获得语言“意义”的标记 ,是名词“时”形成发展的基本动力和根本规律 ,它可以解释“时”的一切词汇现象。     

Marital Conflict,Ineffective Parenting,and Children's and Adolescents' Maladjustment

Data from the 1988 National Survey on Families and Households were analyzed to examine the associations among marital conflict, ineffective parenting, and children's and adolescents' maladjustment. Parents' use of harsh discipline and low parental involvement helped explain the connection between marital conflict and children's maladjustment in children aged 2 through 11. Parent‐child conflict was measured only in families with a target teenager and also was a significant mediator. Although ineffective parenting explained part of the association between marital conflict and children's maladjustment, independent effects of marital conflict remained in families with target children aged 2 through 11 (but not for families with a teenager). With a few exceptions, this pattern of findings was consistent for mothers' and fathers' reports, for daughters and sons, for families with various ethnic backgrounds, and for families living in and out of poverty.     

房地产抵押制度研究

房地产抵押，是当前我国房地产市场的一个热点。本文试图揭示房地产抵押的主体、客体、特征、方式，以及估价、清偿、再抵押等诸多的法律问题，从不同的角度进行了理论探索，并对如何进一步完善房地产抵押制度提出立法的思考。     

The Impact of Taking Parental Leave on Fathers’ Participation In Childcare And Relationships With Children: Lessons from Sweden

In Sweden, government-mandated paid parental leave has been available to both mothers and fathers since 1974. By 2006, each parent had two non-transferable leave months and nine additional months to share. From the beginning, parental leave was presented as a policy designed to promote gender equality, with women and men having equal opportunities and responsibilities to contribute economically to the family and care for children. Sweden thus provides a unique setting to explore whether social policy can be an important instrument for changing the gender contract. Analysing survey data from 356 fathers working in large private companies, we found that the amount of parental leave days taken had positive effects on several aspects of fathers’ participation in childcare and on their satisfaction with contact with children, controlling for other factors contributing to fathers’ participation in childcare. Our findings suggest that the full potential of Sweden's parental leave policy for degendering the division of labour for childcare will not likely be met until fathers are strongly encouraged by social policy to take a more equal portion of parental leave.     

卧式椭圆轨迹振动筛的自定中心问题研究

当振动筛筛箱各点作长轴平行于筛面的椭圆轨迹运动时,这种振动筛的胶带轮不可能只作定轴转动(即自定中心)。如果恰当地选择胶带轮几何中心的偏心值,胶带轮的摆动幅度将减小,因此,胶带的工作情况仍将得到改善。