深圳特区三资企业劳工问题的调查

本文通过对15家三资企业和230多名员工的调查,对深圳特区劳动管理体制的改革情况,进行了简要的总结和分析。既肯定了改革的成绩和经验,也指出了目前存在的问题和外商对特区劳工问题的意见。在此基础上提出了建议,以使改革深化、完善、配套,更好地适应外商投资的需要,优化投资环境,促进特区外向型经济的发展。     

Sampling Strategies for Toxic Air Contaminants

Annual concentrations of toxic air contaminants are of primary concern from the perspective of chronic human exposure assessment and risk analysis. Despite recent advances in air quality monitoring technology, resource and technical constraints often impose limitations on the availability of a sufficient number of ambient concentration measurements for performing environmental risk analysis. Therefore, sample size limitations, representativeness of data, and uncertainties in the estimated annual mean concentration must be examined before performing quantitative risk analysis. In this paper, we discuss several factors that need to be considered in designing field-sampling programs for toxic air contaminants and in verifying compliance with environmental regulations. Specifically, we examine the behavior of SO2, TSP, and CO data as surrogates for toxic air contaminants and as examples of point source, area source, and line source-dominated pollutants, respectively, from the standpoint of sampling design. We demonstrate the use of bootstrap resampling method and normal theory in estimating the annual mean concentration and its 95% confidence bounds from limited sampling data, and illustrate the application of operating characteristic (OC) curves to determine optimum sample size and other sampling strategies. We also outline a statistical procedure, based on a one-sided t-test, that utilizes the sampled concentration data for evaluating whether a sampling site is compliance with relevant ambient guideline concentrations for toxic air contaminants.     

The transition to parenthood in Puerto Rico: Occupational status and the timing of first births

This study examines the relationship between occupational status and fertility timing during a period of rapid development in Puerto Rico. Our fundamental hypothesis is that women with higher status occupations face greater opportunity costs than those with less valued jobs and therefore will be more likely to postpone parenthood until later ages than women without such high costs. We test this hypothesis using event history techniques with data from the 1982 Puerto Rico Fertility and Family Planning Assessment, an island-wide survey of women between the ages of 15 and 49. The analysis examines the effects of occupational status on the timing of first births, and finds strong support for the basic hypothesis, especially regarding the post-ponement of teen births. After the teen years, the effects are less pronounced. Overall, it appears that employment opportunities have played an important role in childbearing decisions in Puerto Rico.An earlier version of this paper was presented at the annual meeting of the Population Association of America, Denver, Colorado, 30 April–2 May 1992.     

我国目前的就业问题分析

就业矛盾是我国当前经济社会发展中最主要的问题之一。解决就业问题必须拓宽思路,探索劳动就业新空间。     

美苏在德国赔偿问题上的矛盾与德国的分裂

德国在二战后被分裂成两个国家,就其外部因素来讲,是由于以美苏为首的大国合作政策在战后逐渐走向对抗并导致冷战的产物,是外部力量施加于德国的结果,而在走向对抗的过程中,美苏在德国赔偿问题上的冲突,是导致德国分裂的一个重要原因。     

把握灵魂,抓住精髓,实现富民强市新跨越--学习党的十六大精神的体会和思考

认真学习、深刻领会、全面贯彻十六大精神 ,为实现十六大确定的各项目标任务而奋斗 ,是当前和今后一个时期的首要政治任务。深刻领会十六大精神 ,必须围绕主题 ,把握灵魂 ,抓住精髓。全面落实十六大精神 ,必须紧紧扭住“第一要务” ,牢牢铭记“两个务必” ,深刻理解和自觉实践“三个代表” ,以改革的精神推进党的建设新的伟大工程 ;必须立足扬州 ,狠抓落实 ,求真务实 ,实现富民强市、建设名城的新跨越 ;在这一过程中 ,必须大力实施“科教兴国”战略 ,努力争创新世纪发展的新辉煌     

对现代大学办学指导思想的理性思考

现代大学办学指导思想是现代大学发展的灵魂,是搞好现代大学各项事业的总开关,是现代大学生存与发展的生 命线。现代大学办学指导思想的特征表现为思想性、指导性、实践性和发展性。     

艺术与宗教的缠绕和融合--论许地山与宗教文化的关系

作为一个对宗教经典十分熟悉的学者型作家,许地山在他的小说里常常自觉或不自觉地运用宗教意象,他的作品中艺术与宗教可说是互相缠绕、互相融合、密不可分.他既不用爱与美的理想来解释人生,也不用苦闷和悲哀来总结人生,而是以宗教思想为核心来探讨人生,并借作品抒发自己独特的人生感悟.无论是他的人生态度还是他的作品,都体现了佛教、道教以及基督教三者融合的影响.     

城市发展的可持续性测评初探

城市发展是否是可持续的已成为人们关注的焦点,如何测度与评价城市发展的可持续性尚无统一的认识。文章设计了一个评价城市可持续发展的框架,借助于常用统计数据,并利用应用统计学方法筛选出一个由17个指标构成的测评指标体系,运用层次分析法确定权重,并以天津市为实证案例,测度并评价其1990—1999年这10年间发展的可持续性。     

面向基础教育课程改革的教师教育职前培养模式探析

在师范教育转型的过程中，师范院校应转变传统的人才培养观念。针对基础教育课程改革，积极进行教师教育职前培养模式创新探索，培养具有综合的学科知识和专业化教育水平的新型教师，适应基础教育课程改革的需要。