关于《刑事诉讼法》再修改的几点思考

现行《刑事诉讼法》坚持惩罚犯罪与保障公民权利并重的原则,对犯罪嫌疑人(被告人)、被害人的基本权利作了具体规定,但还存在许多不足。从保障犯罪嫌疑人(被告人)获得律师充分帮助权及被害人获得完整律师帮助权和上诉权方面分析现行《刑事诉讼法》的不足,并提出相应的修改建议,对《刑事诉讼法》的完善有一定意义。     

论刑事被害人诉讼参与权之完善

被害人在刑事诉讼中的权利保障是刑事诉讼的重要问题。平衡被害人与被告人、犯罪嫌疑人之间的权利义务,保障被害人的诉讼权利成为实现国家刑事诉讼法制化建设的重要标志之一。我国现行刑事诉讼法对被害人权利的重视应当予以肯定,但是在保护被害人程序性权利方面,与西方一些较为成熟的经验相比仍有一些不足之处,应当进一步完善。     

关注高校劳务工入会的瓶颈难题

从维护高校发展与稳定的角度,分析了高校劳务工权益保障状况,探索了劳务工工会组建新模式。提出了切实维护劳务工的合法权益的措施:(1)加大宣传力度,依法推进工会的组建工作;(2)创新工作思路,突出重点把维权工作落到实处;(3)建立劳务工档案,加强对劳务工的会籍管理。     

Third Shift Women in Business-Owning Families

Using data from the 1997 National Family Business Survey (NFBS), this study identifies factors associated with married women’s employment involvement in business-owning families. While focusing on married women in a third shift situation—working for the family business, for the marketplace, and for managing the household—this study compares business and family characteristics by women’s employment status. The results of multinomial logit regression analysis indicated that family cash flow problems, presence of children age under 6, age of women, business assets, age of business, home-based family business, establishment of business, and industry type were significant predictors of women’s employment decision. The results of the study have further implications for women in a third shift situation among business-owning families.Yoon G. Lee, Utah State University, 2905 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322-2905, USA; e-mail: yoonlee@cc.usu.edu.Gong-Soog Hong, The Ohio State University, 1787 Neil Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210-1295, USA; e-mail: ghong@hec.ohio-state.edu.Barbara R. Rowe, Utah State University, 2949 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322-2949, USA; e-mail: browe@ext.usu.edu.     

Dilemmas in planning English/vernacular relations in post‐colonial communities

In the context of globalization and post‐modern discourses, the debate about the relative status of local and dominant languages poses serious policy problems for post‐colonial communities. Critics of minority language rights (MLR) generally point out that engineering a language shift on behalf of a vernacular language – motivated by the preservationist interests, collective rights and sentimental associations of an ethnic group – is futile, as the economic and social mobilities of individuals are bound to work against this enterprise. Proponents of MLR have gone to the other extreme of essentializing the linguistic identity of minority communities, generalizing their language attitudes, and treating local language rights as non‐negotiable. This article addresses this debate in the context of the attempts to promote Tamil by the military leadership in the North and East of Sri Lanka. The paper brings together data gathered in sociolinguistic studies for four years in the Jaffna society in order to understand the reception of the language policy in everyday life. The leadership recognizes that language policy is a symbolic statement for political purposes and tolerates certain inconsistencies in policy and practice. While the community assures itself of ethnic pride and linguistic autonomy with the stated policies, it negotiates divergent interests in the gaps between the policy/practice divide. Scholars should recognize the agency of subaltern communities to negotiate language politics in creative and critical ways that transcend the limited constructs formulated to either cynically sweep aside or unduly romanticize language rights.     

我国土地发展权构建:优化城市土地管理的新途径

本文简要介绍了土地发展权的变迁历程、内涵,从土地发展权为主的产权视角,分析我国城市土地管理现状,剖析了城市土地管理缺位的产权制度原因。当务之急,我国应该进行相关制度创新,构建和完善土地发展权,从规范政府和土地开发商的行为、保护失地农民和城市居民的合法权益、优化土地开发管理流程和方式、增强市场调节作用等方面优化城市土地管理。     

美国当代女权运动中女性内部差异问题的凸显

20世纪80年代中期前后,美国女权运动中女性内部差异问题凸显,表现为:有色人种、同性恋、工人阶级等女权主义者从自己的立场出发,对作为女权运动主流的白人中产阶级异性恋女权主义者将自己的价值观泛化为所有妇女的价值观的做法进行了批判和质疑。她们认为,白人中产阶级妇女将目光过多地集中于性别压迫,而忽视种族、阶级、民族、性倾向,乃至年龄、地域、宗教、文化等因素对其他妇女的压迫。而这些因素的交叉互动构成了社会不平等的权力结构关系。因此,女权斗争的目标应是改造整个社会的不平等结构,而并非只是消除性别的不平等。     

所有人的权利——论刑事司法人权的归属

从历史渊源和主要法治国家的宪法以及国际人权法来看,刑事司法人权保护机制保护的是所有人的权利。法律是全民的契约,刑事司法人权应当归属于每一个人。我国刑事司法的立法与实践缺少这种理念,在今后的立法和司法中,应当注意对每一个人的人权保护。     

联合国人权机构改革之浅见——对人权理事会和人权委员会的比较分析

创设新的人权理事会取代原人权委员会是联合国人权机构改革的重要步骤,是“加强联合国作用、提高工作效率”改革设想的集中体现。新的人权理事会在成员国规模、构成、产生办法和工作方法等方面都不同于人权委员会,包含了一些新的、积极的因素。新成立的人权理事会,应以避免人权工作政治化和双重标准为今后工作的重要原则和努力方向。