基于新媒体背景下的高校就业工作研究--以微信为例

随着高校毕业生人数逐年增加，毕业生就业工作压力日益增大，当前就业工作也面临诸多问题。本文分析了新媒体(以微信为例)在高校就业工作中的独特优势，提出基于新媒体（微信）平台促进高校毕业生就业工作的新思路、新途径、新举措。     

Part-time employment and worker health in the United States

A growing body of research has highlighted the consequences of part-time employment for workers’ health and well-being. However, these studies have yielded inconsistent results and relied on cross-sectional data. In addition, relatively little empirical research has explored whether the effect of working part-time on health varies by gender, particularly in the United States. Using longitudinal data from three waves of the General Social Survey panel (2010–2012–2014), our study examined the association between part-time employment and perceived health among U.S employees, and whether this association varied by gender. The results showed that part-time workers were less likely to report poor self-rated health than full-time workers, especially among males. The pattern of results was consistent across empirical approaches—including generalized estimating equations and random effects models, with an extensive set of covariates. Taken together, these findings suggest that for U.S. employees, working part-time appears to be beneficial or at least not detrimental to perceived health, which warrants further investigation.     

Critical Components in Implementing Evidence‐based Practice: A Multiple Case Study of Individual Placement and Support for People with Psychiatric Disabilities

When developing Community Mental Health Services to support people with psychiatric disabilities, European countries are advocating evidence ‐based practice (EBP ). Individual Placement and Support (IPS ) is an evidence ‐based model designed to support people in acquiring and maintaining competitive employment. Implementation science is a growing research field, with a focus on components that impact the process of implementing EBP programmes. In this multiple case study, we have followed three IPS demonstration sites for two years, in order to describe and analyze barriers and facilitators for implementation, according to constructs described in the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (Damschroder et al. 2009 ). The results highlight the importance of strategic networking, as well as the need for planning and preparations carried out before the start of an EBP programme, since deficiencies related to these constructs are difficult to compensate for.      

Care earnings in the United States and 24 European countries: The role of social policy and labour market institutions

Care occupations are gendered and remain relatively poorly paid, particularly in the United States. Prior research on the ‘care penalty’ primarily points to individual, relational, and market-valuation factors in explaining the relative earnings of care workers. This study integrates these explanations with a comparative institutional perspective. Using higher-quality data and methods than previous comparative research in the field—that is, harmonized micro-data from the Current Population Survey and EU-SILC from 2005 to 2016, country and year fixed effects models, and a counterfactual analysis—we find that national variance in labour market and welfare state institutions explains most of the difference in the relative earnings of reproductive care workers between the United States and European countries. Higher rates of collective bargaining coverage, stronger employment protection and welfare state spending contribute to higher relative earnings for reproductive care occupations, and lower relative earnings for high-status nurturant care occupations. Differences in the relative earnings of care workers appear to be mostly a construct of social policy and labour market institutions rather than individual, relational, and market-valuation factors.     

Helping mothers to combine paid and unpaid work–or fighting unemployment? the ambiguities of french family policy

The Family Law' passed by the French Parliament in July 1994 introduced important changes in family policy. Because the number of publicly subsidised childcare places is still very limited, and to encourage families to create employment (by employing childcare workers), the government has chosen to encourage the development of a variety of childcare provisions by increasing the financial incentives payable to parents employing a private nanny or child-minder. The same rationale of reducing unemployment has also prompted the decision to extend existing child rearing benefit to families having a second child. This measure has been very successful in encouraging women to retire from the labour market. The high cost of these changes has been shared by Social Security and the State. However, the changes have contributed to the increased polarisation between higher and lower wages families, with highly qualified mothers, who can afford childcare costs, remaining in paid employment after giving birth, and lower qualified mothers leaving the labour market.     

政府、雇主和家庭共担生育责任的探讨

人口再生产是社会生产的必要前提,为社会经济发展做出巨大贡献,为雇主/社会提供了充足劳动力,满足了家庭情感需求和家族延续的需要,政府、社会和家庭需要共担责任。我国经历了从国家和家庭共担到雇主和家庭分担主要生育责任的过程,目前政府分担生育责任依然不足,雇主服务支持不够,家庭中男性未充分发挥作用。要确立生育的社会价值,增强政府责任,建立全面覆盖的生育保障制度,不断提高保障水平;建立平衡工作—家庭的支持体系,男性分担更多责任。     

资源依赖与劳动法律文本的行动结果

为促进科学立法,揭示在实践中影响着劳动法律行动结果的因素,利用上海、深圳、天津等10个城市的问卷调查数据,以《劳动合同法》中关于劳动合同签订的文本规定为切入点,从交换理论的视角出发进行了Logistic回归模型分析,发现劳动关系中的资源依赖格局,会影响行为主体在劳动法律干预下的行为选择与演化,从而影响劳动法律文本的行动结果。社会关系及其在法律干预下的发展规律,是法律调节社会关系的客观现实和经验基础。要有效地实现法律在国家治理中的重要职能,亟需进一步推进经验层面的实证研究。     

因工伤残一次性补助金的本质、水平及政策启示研究

因工伤残一次性工伤医疗补助金与伤残就业补助金只是劳动能力受损后导致的工资收入损失的部分补偿,以农民工五至六级伤残为例,一次性工伤医疗补助金与伤残就业补助金对劳动力受损的工资收入平均替代不足50％.政策实践应将一次性工伤医疗补助金与伤残就业补助金视为伤残待遇的一次性支付,待遇水平取决于伤残年龄与受伤前工资水平.支付一次性工伤医疗补助金与伤残就业补助金后,工伤复发或伤情加重后的医疗费用由工伤保险基金承担.“合谋骗保”并非不当得利,而是工伤者通过非法定通道获取的应当利益.     

财政支出结构与大城市化的城镇就业效应研究

增加城镇就业是加快人口城镇化发展和提高人口城镇化质量的重要支撑。利用2007—2014年的省级面板数据,采用软件stata12.0对数据进行处理,研究财政支出结构和大城市化对城镇就业的影响效应。研究发现：大城市化对城镇就业具有显著的正向效应,提高大城市比重有利于提高城镇就业水平。从财政支出结构上看,教育支出对城镇就业具有显著的正向效应,社会保障支出对城镇就业的影响不明显。财政医疗支出对城镇就业的影响为负,但医疗产出性指标对城镇就业的影响为正。     

我校毕业生就业和使用的反馈信息所引起的思考

本文通过对我校毕业生就业和使用反馈信息的思考,提出了学校教育、教学改革的几项建议。