Community Development with Emerging Ethic Communities

With the approach of the twenty-first century, community professionals will find minority communities an emerging phenomenon of increasing importance. Professionals need to relate to these communities in new and creative ways. This paper builds on the analysis of Rivera and Erlich (1984), describing a number of recent events and changing conditions significant to minority communities. The importance of ethnic competence is discussed in terms of community practice. Finally, a proposal for a national and local strategy to improve practice and professional education is described.     

Generic Assessment Endpoints Are Needed for Ecological Risk Assessment

This article presents arguments for the development of generic assessment endpoints for ecological risk assessment. Generic assessment endpoints would be ecological entities and attributes that are assumed to be worthy of protection in most contexts. The existence of generic assessment endpoints would neither create a requirement that they be used in every assessment nor preclude the use of other assessment endpoints. They would simply be a starting point in the process of identifying the assessment endpoints for a particular assessment. They are needed to meet legal mandates, to provide a floor for environmental degradation, to provide some consistency in environmental regulation, as exemplars for site- or project-specific assessment endpoints, to allow development of methods and models, to give risk managers the courage to act, for screening and site-independent assessments, to support environmental monitoring, to facilitate communication, and to avoid paralysis by analysis. Generic assessment endpoints should include not only a list of entities and attributes, but also explanations of each endpoint, guidance on their use and interpretation, and measures and models that could be used to estimate them.     

浅论唐诗色彩描写的常用技法

色彩负载着亿万年生物进化史的信息 ,积淀着深刻的人类文化内涵。唐诗中丰富的色彩世界 ,是一个有独特意义的审美新领域 ,也是认识唐诗艺术价值的一个重要视角。文章运用大量诗例 ,对唐诗色彩描写的几种常用技法做了探讨性的研究     

论影像透视

摄影中的透视规律探讨在摄影教学中一直不为学界重视．随着数码摄影的发展和后期制作的出现，透视规律在摄影中的作用日渐显现．本文从数学和物理的角度对几何透视、影调透视、色彩透视规律作了探讨．并且论述了它们对提高摄影作品表现力和影像后期合成效果的影响与作用．     

一种非刚体目标的实时检测与跟踪算法

提出了一种复杂背景下自动、实时地检测和跟踪非刚体目标算法。该算法利用自适应的背景减除方法,在复杂背景条件下提取出运动目标;采用颜色直方图模型为特征的均值平移法作为跟踪算法。试验结果验证了该算法的实时性和有效性。     

黄土高原土壤侵蚀类型图的编制

拟定了适合于遥感制图的土壤侵蚀类型分类系统;建立了地貌类型、植被覆盖度等主要侵蚀因子的彩红外判读标志;重点阐述利用彩红外航片编制黄土高原1:5万土壤侵蚀类型图的程序和方法,编制出了黄土高原丘陵沟壑区和沙漠区两个典型区的1:5万土壤侵蚀类型图。     

流行色在建筑装饰设计中的作用

通过色彩的物理作用、心理作用和生理作用，流行色在建筑装饰设计中发挥着重要的调节作用，可满足人们的精神需要和对美的追求。     

钼酸钙晶体中点缺陷的电子结构研究

运用以密度泛函理论为基础的相对论性离散变分方法(DV-Xα),模拟计算了完整的和含氧空位的钼酸钙(CaMoO_4)晶体的电子结构,得到了含有F、F~ 心的CaMoO_4晶体电子态密度分布以及它们可能产生的光学跃迁模式.计算结果表明,含F、F~ 心的CaMoO_4晶体的禁带宽度明显变窄,F、F~ 心的能级出现在禁带中,利用过渡态理论计算得到其向Mo的4 d轨道发生光学跃迁,跃迁能量值分别为1.93,2.03 eV.利用提拉法生长的CaMoO_4晶体呈现蓝色的本质原因是F、F~ 心在黄红区产生比较强的吸收.     

Racial Formation Theory and Systemic Racism in Hip‐Hop Fans’ Perceptions

This work contributes empirical research to racial formation theory (RFT) and systemic racism (SR), demonstrating how these theories complement each other. There are few practical applications of these theories. This research examines RFT and SR from the perspective of hip‐hop fans. I qualitatively examine how 23 nonblack women articulate the relationships of race, class, and gender through discussion of hip‐hop music and videos that accompany it. Findings suggest that hip‐hop is a site of racial formation. Participants spoke from a color‐blind perspective and white racial frame so that they perpetuated ideals of systemic racism theory.     

Exact calculation of power and sample size in bioequivalence studies using two one‐sided tests

The number of subjects in a pharmacokinetic two‐period two‐treatment crossover bioequivalence study is typically small, most often less than 60. The most common approach to testing for bioequivalence is the two one‐sided tests procedure. No explicit mathematical formula for the power function in the context of the two one‐sided tests procedure exists in the statistical literature, although the exact power based on Owen's special case of bivariate noncentral t‐distribution has been tabulated and graphed. Several approximations have previously been published for the probability of rejection in the two one‐sided tests procedure for crossover bioequivalence studies. These approximations and associated sample size formulas are reviewed in this article and compared for various parameter combinations with exact power formulas derived here, which are computed analytically as univariate integrals and which have been validated by Monte Carlo simulations. The exact formulas for power and sample size are shown to improve markedly in realistic parameter settings over the previous approximations. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.