网络能力、资源获取与新企业绩效关系实证研究

网络能力是在网络导向驱动下,利用关系技巧和合作技巧进行一系列网络构建和网络管理活动,以实现资源获取目标的能力.在中国转型经济时期,网络能力对于新企业克服资源约束,实现生存和成长具有重要作用.拓展了网络能力的理论内涵,将网络能力划分为网络导向、网络构建和网络管理三个维度,建立了网络能力、资源获取与新创企业绩效关系模型,以322家新企业为样本进行实证分析.研究结果表明,网络导向对网络构建和网络管理具有显著正影响,网络构建和网络管理对知识资源获取和运营资源获取具有正影响,知识资源与新企业绩效显著正相关,知识资源获取对运营资源获取具有正影响.研究结论还表明运营资源对新企业绩效无显著影响,但知识资源可以加强两者之间关系,说明新企业只有具备很强的资源管理能力才能将运营资源转化为企业绩效.     

基于投入产出技术的能源效率新指标——生产能耗综合指数

随着全世界对能源需求的增加,以及全球气候变化之于人类的负面影响逐渐加剧,能源效率的高低已成为衡量一国经济、政治和环境发展的重要标志。但是现有的能源效率指标在国内国际比较中并不能更好的发挥作用,鉴于此,本文在投入产出技术框架下,提出生产能耗综合指数这一比较能源效率的新指标,以此能更加完善我国能源效率的评价体系,更加科学合理的指导经济建设,指明节能工作的主要方向。     

我国全要素能源效率的测度与分析

考虑到能源与资本、劳动力等投入要素间普遍存在的替代效应,本文通过全要素能源效率指标考察我国能源利用水平的时空变化特征,并利用计量模型分析全要素生产率各分解部分对能源效率的影响作用。研究表明:我国总体及区域内的全要素能源效率自2001年起出现了退化现象,区域间能源效率的差异性较为显著,且有扩大趋势;全要素能源效率与全要素生产率之间关系密切,技术进步、纯技术效率和规模效率对能源效率的改善均具有促进作用,软技术的贡献甚至已超越了传统科技进步的功效。     

Morality and Nuclear Energy: Perceptions of Risks and Benefits,Personal Norms,and Willingness to Take Action Related to Nuclear Energy

We examined factors underlying people's willingness to take action in favor of or against nuclear energy from a moral perspective. We conducted a questionnaire study among a sample of the Dutch population (N = 123). As expected, perceptions of risks and benefits were related to personal norms (PN), that is, feelings of moral obligation toward taking action in favor of or against nuclear energy. In turn, PN predicted willingness to take action. Furthermore, PN mediated the relationships between perceptions of risk and benefits and willingness to take action. In line with our hypothesis, beliefs about the risks and benefits of nuclear energy were less powerful in explaining PN for supporters compared to PN of opponents. Also, beliefs on risks and benefits and PN explained significantly more variance in willingness to take action of opponents than of supporters. Our results suggest that a moral framework is useful to explain willingness to take action in favor of and against nuclear energy, and that people are more likely to protest in favor of or against nuclear energy when PN are strong.     

Dynamic Assignment of Flexible Service Resources

Resource flexibility is an important tool for firms to better match capacity with demand so as to increase revenues and improve service levels. However, in service contexts that require dynamically deciding whether to accept incoming jobs and what resource to assign to each accepted job, harnessing the benefits of flexibility requires using effective methods for making these operational decisions. Motivated by the resource deployment decisions facing a professional service firm in the workplace training industry, we address the dynamic job acceptance and resource assignment problem for systems with general resource flexibility structure, i.e., with multiple resource types that can each perform different overlapping subsets of job types. We first show that, for systems containing specialized resources for individual job types and a versatile resource type that can perform all job types, the exact policy uses a threshold rule. With more general flexibility structures, since the associated stochastic dynamic program is intractable, we develop and test three optimization‐based approximate policies. Our extensive computational tests show that one of the methods, which we call the Bottleneck Capacity Reservation policy, is remarkably effective in generating near‐optimal solutions over a wide range of problem scenarios. We also consider a model variant that requires dynamic job acceptance decisions but permits deferring resource assignment decisions until the end of the horizon. For this model, we discuss an adaptation of our approximate policy, establish the effectiveness of this policy, and assess the value of postponing assignment decisions.     

Bi-objective multi-resource scheduling problem for emergency relief operations

Abstract

Resource scheduling for emergency relief operations is complex as it has many constraints. However, an effective allocation and sequencing of resources are crucial for the minimization of the completion times in emergency relief operations. Despite the importance of such decisions, only a few mathematical models of emergency relief operations have been studied. This article presents a bi-objective mixed integer programming (MIP) that helps to minimize both the total weighted time of completion of the demand points and the makespan of the total emergency relief operation. A two-phase method is developed to solve the bi-objective MIP problem. Additionally, a case study of hospital network in the Melbourne metropolitan area is used to evaluate the model. The results indicate that the model can successfully support the decisions required in the optimal resource scheduling of emergency relief operations.     

自然资源耗竭与经济可持续增长：基于四部门内生增长模型分析

本文在已有研究文献的基础上发展了一个基于水平创新的四部门内生增长模型,探讨了人口增长、自然资源耗竭、内生技术进步与长期经济增长的关系.通过对模型的社会最优均衡分析和竞争性市场均衡分析,分别求出了均衡解、均衡解存在性条件以及在人口增长和资源约束下经济可持续增长所需的条件,并证明了分权经济条件下的市场均衡解往往是非帕累托最优的,进一步分析了导致市场效率损失的主要原因及其政策涵义.     

基于时差分析的资源均衡问题探究

本文在已有时差概念分析的基础上,提出了三个新时差概念,给出了同一工序不同时差关系,提出了标值算法,算出了不同工序时差传递量。对资源均衡优化问题的初始方案进行研究,给出了随机时标网络图的绘制方式,使网络技术的应用更具灵活性和实用性。在时差传递性的基础上,进一步对有资源限制的资源均衡优化方案进行研究,提出了基于赋值算法的优化调整方式,最后通过算例对该调整方式进行了验证。     

Cell-to-switch level planning in mobile wireless networks for efficient management of radio resources

A major step in effectively managing radio resources in a cellular network is to design an appropriate scheme for assigning cells to a location area (LA), serviced by a switch, and allocate resources for individual switches. However, this assignment is already proven in the literature to be an NP-hard problem [Merchant A, Sengupta B. Assignment of cells to switches in PCS networks. IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking 3(5) (1995) 521–6] that requires efficient heuristic search techniques for obtaining real-time solutions. This work presents a state-space search technique, which is a variant of best first search heuristic technique. The algorithm called the block depth first search (BDFS), allocates cells to switches during switch level resource planning. Under various simulated performance criteria, we compare the performance of the proposed technique with other similar procedures in the literature. Our results indicate that the BDFS outperforms the meta-heuristic procedures in terms of both efficiency and quality of solutions. Hence, we conclude that our proposed technique can be effectively used for switch level planning leading to an efficient management of scarce radio resource in cellular networks.