北京城镇居民节能电器消费及节能效果分析

北京城乡居民生活总用电量逐年增长。2010年,北京城镇居民生活总用电量显著下降,其主要原因是用节能家用电器替代了部分旧的高能耗家用电器。2010年北京城镇居民节能家用电器的综合拥有率是22.27%,在北京市场上销售的电冰箱、空调、洗衣机、热水器中,节能产品的比例达到87.60%。未来北京发展低碳电器的重点在于大力推广低碳电冰箱和低碳洗衣机,以及加快制定低碳空调器标准,尽快推出和推广低碳空调器。     

A Bayesian approach to the statistical analysis of device preference studies

Drug delivery devices are required to have excellent technical specifications to deliver drugs accurately, and in addition, the devices should provide a satisfactory experience to patients because this can have a direct effect on drug compliance. To compare patients' experience with two devices, cross-over studies with patient-reported outcomes (PRO) as response variables are often used. Because of the strength of cross-over designs, each subject can directly compare the two devices by using the PRO variables, and variables indicating preference (preferring A, preferring B, or no preference) can be easily derived. Traditionally, methods based on frequentist statistics can be used to analyze such preference data, but there are some limitations for the frequentist methods. Recently, Bayesian methods are considered an acceptable method by the US Food and Drug Administration to design and analyze device studies. In this paper, we propose a Bayesian statistical method to analyze the data from preference trials. We demonstrate that the new Bayesian estimator enjoys some optimal properties versus the frequentist estimator.     

Traffic Accidents and Convictions: Group Totals Versus Rate per Kilometer Driven

Using group totals, young drivers, male drivers, and especially young male drivers are substantially over-represented in terms of both traffic accidents and traffic-related convictions. On the other hand, when accidents and convictions are considered in terms of their rates while the person is actually driving, older drivers and female drivers gain in importance, with the female drivers' traffic accident rate and rates for some convictions exceeding the male drivers' rates. Similarly, the older drivers' accident rate and rates on some convictions exceeded the younger drivers' rates when considered in terms of driving exposure. In addition, these findings lead one to speculate that recent driving exposure more than driver age is the central factor in traffic accident involvement. The implications for policy makers and educators are clear. Although young male drivers are undeniably a legitimate focus for traffic accident countermeasures, they should not be targeted at the expense of drivers who drive less but have as high or higher accident rates—female and older drivers.     

Windows2000下PLX9050PCI接口设备驱动程序开发

在Windows主机系统中使用PLX 9050芯片实现了PC主机与Motorola PowerPC 860微处理系统之间的外设部件互联(PCI)接口连接,提供了解决微处理器系统与计算机系统之间通过PCI接口互联的一种方法。介绍了在Windows 2000系统下开发PCI设备驱动程序的基本方法和步骤。这种方法还可推广用于Windows 2000下开发压缩的PCI(CompactPCI)接口设备的驱动程序,从而为使用PC机开发工业控制类应用提供一种便捷的编程方法。     

变电所直流系统调压装置自动化改造方案

将手动直流调压装置改造为自动调压装置及原理分析。     

磨削加工的计算机分布式控制系统

研究了对钻石，水晶，金属玻璃等的磨削加工处理方法。研制开发了由单片微机构成的X－Y－Z三轴同步控制的智能加工装置，组成了由中心加工服务器，多台智能磨削控制装置通过RS485串行总线的构成的分布式控制系统，解决了由CAD设计到磨削加工NC指令的自动转换和数据传输，该系统已投入实际生产运用。     

回收排风潜能的新型液体除湿空调装置的研制

研究回收排风潜能的新型液体除湿空调装置,通过回收排风潜能,降低系统中直接蒸发喷淋水的温度,使除湿处理后的空调送风得到降温加湿,达到空调房间所要求的送风温度.同时,空调排风的利用降低了再生空气介质的温度和含湿量,提高了再生溶液的浓度.实验证明,在上海湿热的夏季里,该装置用温度为80℃左右的热源驱动,可以直接获得18℃、相对湿度90%的空调送风;系统的热力系数为0.8,电效比为8.6,节能效果明显.     

校园供电联网控制系统解决方案

给出了一种将串口联网设备应用于基于串口通信的单片机与管理计算机组成的控制系统中的解决方案，通过局域网互联实现管理计算机和单片机之间的远程数据采集和远程控制功能，在实际应用中有很好的指导意义和参考价值。     

伯格曼"装置范式"的技术本质观解析

伯格曼受库恩"范式"思想的启发,把"范式"的思想应用于技术,认为技术凝结了社会、政治和文化的因素,技术的"范式"有过去、现在和未来,现代技术的"范式"结构是"装置范式"。"装置范式"的技术本质观超越了海德格尔"座架"的思想,实现了从对技术抽象的形而上学层面的研究到以技术经验层面的研究,认为我们可以对现代技术有所作为,从而为发展聚焦的技术提供一种可能选择。解析"装置范式"技术本质观的理论内涵及其合理性,可以为我们建构一种新型的技术范式提供启发和借鉴。     

民族高校统计学专业课程教学改革探讨

统计学课程教学改革是一个非常重要和困难的问题。文章针对民族高校统计学课程教学过程中存在的问题,从教学理念、教学方法与教学模式、教学手段和考核方式等方面进行了探讨,并提出了相应的建议。