促进高校规模扩张和社会经济的良性互动

高校扩招适应了社会经济的发展,也产生了一些矛盾和问题,应采取积极的对策,促进高等教育与社会经济发展的良性互动。这些对策主要是:质量并重,加大对高等教育的投入,切实解决贫困生的经济困难,促进办学主体社会化,推动高校后勤改革。     

"主义"三元素:价值、道理、方案--对人文社会学说性质的审查

文章不研究这个“主义”或那个“主义” ,而以“主义”之为“主义”作为探讨对象。凡被称为“主义”的 ,一般都是那种已具有相当影响的人文社会学说。这些学说往往既揭示某种道理 (即客观联系 ) ,又宣扬某种价值目的 ,还设计某种操作方案 ,并且将这三者构造为一套逻辑体系。对这种做法 ,大家已经习以为常。但文章认为 ,道理、价值和方案是三种在逻辑上不能相互还原的元素 ,有关道理的思维方式必须是合逻辑的 ,而有关价值和方案的思维方式则应当是非逻辑的 ,其间不存在推导关系 ,人文社会学说将它们逻辑地结为一体在思维方式上是错误的。据此 ,应对道理、价值和方案三元素加以离析 ,人文社会学说应以揭示道理为主 ,而不再包办一切 ,价值的事情应由价值主体参照各种价值资源自行决定 ,方案的问题应由方案的当事人求助工程学科加以解决。     

Designing an economically optimal repetitive group-sampling plan based on loss functions

Acceptance sampling is a quality assurance tool, which provides a rule for the producer and the consumer to make acceptance or rejection decision about a lot. This paper attempts to develop a more efficient sampling plan, variables repetitive group sampling plan, based on the total loss to the producer and consumer. To design this model, two constraints are considered to satisfy the opposing priorities and requirements of the producer and the consumer by using Acceptable quality level (AQL) and Limiting quality level (LQL) points on operating characteristic (OC) curve. The objective function of this model is constructed based on the total expected loss. In order to illustrate the application of the proposed model, an example is presented. In addition, the effects of process parameters on the optimal solution and the total expected loss are studied by performing a sensitivity analysis. Finally, the efficiency of the proposed model is compared with the variables single sampling plan, the variables double sampling plan and the repetitive group sampling plan of Balamurali and Jun (2006) in terms of average sample number, total expected loss and its difference with ideal OC curve.     

A Lower Bound for the Wrap-around L2-discrepancy on Combined Designs of Mixed Two- and Three-level Factorials

The objective of this article is to study the issue of employing the uniformity criterion measured by wrap-around L₂-discrepancy to assess the optimal foldover plans. For mixed two- and three-level fractional factorials as the original designs, general foldover plan and combined design under a foldover plan are defined, and the equivalence between any foldover plan and its complementary foldover plan is investigated. A lower bound of wrap-around L₂-discrepancy of combined designs under a general foldover plan is obtained, which can be used as a benchmark for searching optimal foldover plans. Moreover, it also provides a theoretical justification for optimal foldover plans in terms of uniformity criterion.     

Accelerated life test sampling plans for the Weibull distribution under Type I progressive interval censoring with random removals

This paper considers the design of accelerated life test (ALT) sampling plans under Type I progressive interval censoring with random removals. We assume that the lifetime of products follows a Weibull distribution. Two levels of constant stress higher than the use condition are used. The sample size and the acceptability constant that satisfy given levels of producer's risk and consumer's risk are found. In particular, the optimal stress level and the allocation proportion are obtained by minimizing the generalized asymptotic variance of the maximum likelihood estimators of the model parameters. Furthermore, for validation purposes, a Monte Carlo simulation is conducted to assess the true probability of acceptance for the derived sampling plans.     

员工持股计划抑制了企业非效率投资？

员工持股计划重启是我国资本市场助力企业维持人力资源禀赋、建立长效激励机制的一项重要制度安排。以2014—2018年沪深A股上市公司为样本,探究员工持股计划实施对企业非效率投资的影响。研究发现：员工持股计划并未达到抑制企业非效率投资的理想效果,反而加剧了企业的过度投资,但对投资不足的正向影响并不显著;在市场化程度欠发达地区,员工持股计划与非效率投资的正向效应更为显著;进一步分析发现在大股东定向受让、股东赠予方式下,高管认购比例能够显著抑制企业的过度投资。研究结论证实了当前我国员工持股计划长期激励效应不足的现状,为监管层完善相关制度提供了理论支撑,同时对投资者决策具有一定的警示作用。     

工程保险专业人才培养方案探析

根据我国工程保险发展现状及发展趋势,结合河北石油职业技术学院原有的金融保险专业课程体系,进行了工程保险专业人才课程体系建设和方案可行性的分析与探索,以期能够早日培养出符合社会需求的工程保险专业人才。     

略论加强对第三批录取本科生的教学管理

自普通高等院校全国招生考试不断扩招以来,各个高校都相应做出政策调整,本文针对第三批录取本科生教学管理,就如何在降低入学门槛的情况下,构建有利于培养学生健全个性的平民教育和大众教育的实践教学体系,探讨如何适应社会需要并使之学而有成而尝试的点滴举措。     

Biodiversity action plans as a way towards local sustainable development

Local action for biodiversity is essential to ensure better conservation status for biodiversity and maintain ecosystem services. In many places the rich biodiversity is still relatively untouched and represents an outstanding asset for local sustainable development. The loss of biodiversity occurs mainly because of rapid changes in land use, urban sprawl, infrastructure development, acidification, eutrophication, desertification, overexploitation, intensification of agriculture, tourism development and climate change. There is a clear need for a more flexible, people-oriented and visionary approach for sustainable use of biodiversity resources. This article concerns “Local Biodiversity Action Plans”, which provide a comprehensive and integrated approach to biodiversity and ecosystem services for the sustainable development of rural municipalities and their local communities. Although biodiversity action planning is not a new concept, bringing a plan to life has significant societal benefits with innovative solutions to help biodiversity conservation while entailing close interaction of science, policy and society. This approach was developed together with project partners and local communities in selected regions of the Western Balkans and it benefits from a range of stakeholders, including social and natural scientists, practitioners, elected representatives of the local communities and end users in the frame of a participatory approach. The conclusion of this article discusses the role of communication and outlines the critical success factors and the challenges ahead for the future.     

Some resolvable orthogonal arrays with two symbols

A method of constructing a resolvable orthogonal array (4λk2,2) which can be partitioned into λ orthogonal arrays (4,k 2,1) is proposed. The number of constraints kfor this type of orthogonal array is at most 3λ. When λ=2 or a multiple of 4, an orthogonal array with the maximum number of constraints of 3λ can be constructed. When λ=4n+2(n≧1) an orthogonal array with 2λ+2 constraints can be constructed. When λ is an odd number, orthogonal arrays can be constructed for λ=3,5,7, and 9 with k=4,8,12, and 13 respectively.