什么是工程:一种演化论的观点

基于工程史的考察,工程的多样性、延续性和创新性揭示了工程的演化本质。从时间-空间、结构-功能,以及过程-结果上看,工程的演化具有社会历史性与地域性、集成性与整体性、形式的渐进性与突变性、过程的连续性与间断性等特征,它是一个现实的直接生产力的演变与人之为人的本质的不断展现过程。作为工程哲学研究的拓延与深化,工程演化研究具有重要的理论与现实意义。     

底座零件数控铣削工艺分析与实施

通过传统切削技术实训平台、数控切削技术实训平台,将底座零件工艺分析及加工作为实训项目,学生可以完成各类切削技术的训练．通过了解不同切削技术在加工成本、加工质量、加工条件方面的差别,学生可根据产品的成本、质量要求、制造条件,选择适当的制造工艺流程,培养工程意识．     

基于CDIO的回归工程教育理念的研究与实践

我国现行的高等工程教育重视工程科学的系统性和学术性,强调学习知识应先简单后复杂、先局部后整体、先微观后宏观的认知过程,但与工程实践中分析解决问题先整体后局部、先宏观后微观的思路完全相反,导致学生缺乏工程项目的整体性、全局性等方面的训练,大局意识差、主次不分、动手能力和创造能力不强。本文秉承把重视工程科学回归到重视工程实践上的工程教育理念,把CDIO的模式与学生学习知识过程结合起来,转变学生只重视课堂理论教学的现状,使学习过程与工程实际问题分析一致化,寓兴趣培养、自主分析思维习惯、团队通力合作于一体,培养出自我发展、适应社会需要的卓越工程师。     

理工科大学文化教育有效性评价研究——以石家庄铁道大学为例

加强理工科大学文化教育是许多高校深化教育教学改革,提高教育质量的一个切入点。为了保证教育的有效性,必须建立行之有效的文化教育效果评价指标体系,及时矫正教育教学活动中的偏差。本文提出指标体系的基本架构及各项指标相应权重,采取模糊综合评价方法,以石家庄铁道大学为例,进行了大学文化教育有效性评价的初步尝试。在此基础上,从培育大学精神、加强制度建设、树立优良校风、构建课内外联动的文化育人体系、建设高品位的文化校园等五个方面提出了提升理工科大学文化教育质量的对策。     

Environmental and social supply chain management sustainability practices: construct development and measurement

The purpose of this paper is to conceptualise and operationalise the concept of supply chain management sustainability practices. Based on a multi-stage procedure involving a literature review, expert Q-sort and pre-test process, pilot test and survey of 156 supply chain directors and managers in Ireland, we develop a multidimensional conceptualisation and measure of social and environmental supply chain management sustainability practices. The research findings show theoretically sound constructs based on four underlying sustainable supply chain management practices: monitoring, implementing systems, new product and process development and strategy redefinition. A two-factor model is then identified as the most reliable: comprising process-based and market-based practices.     

A Taguchi-based Kansei engineering study of mobile phones at product design stage

This article is aimed at applying Taguchi method in Kansei engineering and explores a way to integrate it into an industrial product design stage. Emotional customer needs are derived using Kansei image word pairs. The Taguchi-based approach is validated by a case study with mobile phones. Experimental work in implementing the proposed approach was able to suggest design attributes of a mobile phone that are essential to be considered at the product design stage to satisfy the customers’ expectations and hence to increase the company's sales.     

Mobilizing motherhood: The gendered burden of environmental protection

Maternalist framing has been a consistent part of a long history of powerful, often successful organizing for environmental protection and justice. Yet today's calls on individuals to simultaneously engage in proenvironmental behavior and to protect themselves from environmental threats through consumption have mobilized maternal discourse in a way that is likely demobilizing in the long run. Indeed, the increasing individualization of the environmental movement is intersecting with persistent, unequal gendered structures of labor in a way that places the burden of environmentalism and environmental risk management on women and mothers. I argue that precautionary consumption and other forms of individualized environmental risk management add to the “third shift,” on top of the disproportionate burden of household labor and care work that women already face. This phenomenon is concerning because it has the potential to (1) limit women's engagement in other forms of environmental advocacy and leadership, and to (2) reproduce existing gender inequalities not only between men and women but also among women of different levels of race and class privilege. Thus, the increasing individualization of the environmental movement also potentially exacerbates environmental injustice at the household level. Despite such emerging concerns, the domestic scale remains an often overlooked site of environmental harm and gendered burden.     

竞争供应链中制造商环保技术投资决策研究

本文考虑消费者对质量差异化产品的异质性偏好以及环保意识,建立了消费者效用函数以及产品需求函数,构建了差异化竞争制造商及其零部件供应商之间的动态博弈模型;进而,研究了竞争供应链中制造商环保技术投资策略,考察了市场竞争对供应链均衡定价决策、环保技术投资决策以及消费者福利的影响。研究结果表明：拥有较高技术水平的制造商总是会选择更高的环保技术投资水平,但消费者也需为此支付更高的产品溢价;制造商环保技术投资会影响产品销售价格并有利于提升消费者福利,拥有较高技术水平的制造商总是有动机选择投资环保技术,而技术水平较低的制造商则不会有动机选择投资环保技术;市场竞争会导致供应商和制造商定价决策的变化,但此时供应商反而能够获得更多利润。     

民营企业发展与环境保护的辨证关系——以山西省大同市民营企业为例

本文以山西省大同市的民营企业为例,分析了民营企业发展与环境发展失调的原因,论述了民营企业发展与环境保护之间的辨证关系,阐明了环境保护必须从源头控制的战略意义,并对民营企业与环境协调发展提出了建议和对策。     

论环境侵权责任的归责原则及构成要件 ——兼论环境侵权损害的社会救济

环境侵权责任归责原则及构成要件与一般侵权责任的归责原则及构成要件相比具有特殊性的原因在于,环境侵权责任中的过错和因果关系的认定问题上包含着比较复杂的技术问题。对环境侵权责任的归责原则及构成要件中的因果关系认定实行特殊的认定规则,是为了平衡加害人和受害人之间的利益。为充分保障环境污染受害人的权益,除了在环境侵权责任归责原则及因果关系认定问题上实行特殊规则外,还应当建立社会救济制度。