Reducing differences between profiles of weights: A “peer-restricted” cross-efficiency evaluation

This paper deals with the selection of the profiles of weights to be used in cross-efficiency evaluations. In an attempt to prevent unrealistic weighting schemes, one of the issues of main interest that we address here is that of the zero weights, since their use implies that some of the variables considered are excluded from the assessments to be made. In the calculation of cross-efficiency scores, we propose to ignore the profiles of weights of the DMUs that cannot make a choice of non-zero weights among their alternate optima. The different units are therefore assessed in a peer-evaluation that does not consider the profiles of weights of some inefficient DMUs. This approach is referred to as “peer-restricted” cross-efficiency evaluation. Aside from avoiding zero weights, the choice of weights that we make also seeks to reduce the differences between the weights profiles selected as much as possible. Thus, in the “peer-restricted” cross-efficiency evaluation in the present paper we also try to avoid that the different DMUs attach very different weights to the same variable. Finally, we extend this approach to derive a common set of weights by exploiting the idea of similarity between profiles of weights.     

Founders' syndrome in women's nonprofit organizations: Implications for practice and organizational life

This qualitative study examines the impact of “founders' syndrome” in ten feminist nonprofit organizations, giving attention to the ways in which original members and organizers (founders) retain control and set the agenda of these organizations beyond their official terms of office. In these community‐based organizations, founders' syndrome provides stability, but it also affects the ability of younger members to contribute and influence organizational direction. Implications for practice are drawn from the study's results.     

Evaluating a project on Roma education

This research note is based on the evaluation of the Comenius project Teacher‐IN‐SErvice‐Training‐for‐Roma‐inclusion (INSETRom). The project represented an international effort that was undertaken to bridge the gap between Roma and non‐Roma communities and to improve the educational attainment of Roma children in the mainstream educational system. The evaluation of the project showed that such projects can impact a teacher's confidence and attitudes, but that implementing new insights poses many challenges.     

陕西省工业产业结构的实证分析

研究产业结构的现状与变动有利于正确认识区域经济发展，对经济发展政策的制定起到积极的作用。用总产值、从业人数和总资产贡献率分析了陕西省工业产业结构及变动，同时对近10年来陕西省工业各行业的绩效进行了实证分析。结果表明，陕西省在煤炭开采和洗选业、文教体育用品制造业等行业有明显的比较优势。     

The Role of Emotions in Risk Communication

We present two experiments investigating the role of emotions concerning technological and natural hazards. In the first experiment, technological hazards aroused stronger emotions, and were considered to be riskier than natural hazards. No differences were found between the texts versus audio presentations. However, the presence of pictures aroused stronger emotions and increased the perceived risk. Emotions play a mediating role between hazard types and perceived risk, as well as between pictures and perceived risk. The second experiment adopted real‐world materials from webpages and TV. Emotions again play a mediating role between pictorial information and risk perception. Moreover, specific emotions were found to be associated with different types of action tendencies. For example, loss‐based emotions (e.g., fear, regret) tend to lead to prevention strategies, whereas ethical emotions (e.g., anger) lead to aggressive behavior. We also find that loss‐based emotions in the technical hazard scenario trigger more coping strategies (from prevention to retaliation) than in the natural hazard scenario.     

基于主成分分析法的自主创新能力综合评价——以湖南省为例

自主创新是中国实现现代化的关键。通过利用主成分分析法对湖南自主创新能力进行综合评价,结果显示湖南自主创新能力呈现出逐步提高的趋势,但和较发达的省份相比,仍存在较大差距。因此,湖南省应进一步增加研发和教育投入,加强人才的引进和培养,通过自主创新提升湖南的发展力和竞争力。     

计算机辅助英语阅读课程设计的若干问题

本文从计算机辅助语言学习（ Ｃ Ａ Ｌ Ｌ） 课程的设计思想出发，分析和讨论有关机助英语阅读课程设计的若干问题，如阅读能力，教学方法，学习的评价等，以揭示机助英语阅读课程乃至机助语言学习课程设计的一些规律和原则     

高校环境建设刍议

本文论述了高校环境建设的作用及重要性。笔者认为，高校环境建设应有文化艺术创意和追求，对此环境建设的组织管理者担负着重要责任。这就要求管理者不断提高自身的艺术素养和思想境界，不断探索实现高校环境建设文化艺术追求的方法     

环境危机意识的培养与教育

分析了全球面临的环境危机及我国的资源环境现状与未来社会经济发展的要求之间的矛盾，论述了加强我国民众环境危机意识教育的作用和意义以及实施环境危机意识教育的措施和手段。     

环境资源价值探讨

由于生态环境问题大量发生且日益尖锐,环境资源价值理论问题,如环境资源有没有价值,价值该如何确定等问题时时被提到我们面前。这个问题不解决,任何环境经济分析都无从建立,任何环境经济问题的研究都难以展开。本文总结了中西方有关环境资源价值理论的观点,提出了研究环境资源价值理论的两个基本出发点:有利于长远发展的环境资源价值的确定应以如何保持环境资源总量的稳定为核心;用于分析商品价值的理论和方法不能简单照般来分析环境资源价值。